Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024

The relationship between the gut microbiota and its human host is a complex dynamic communication. Various factors, such as genetics, immune function, age, gender, lifestyle (including pregnancy, delivery mode, nutrition, social behavior, stress), body mass index (BMI), disease duration, medical treatments, directly shape composition of microbiome (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6).When in balance-a state known eubiotics-it supports host's health by producing beneficial microbial metabolites. On other hand, an imbalance (dysbiosis), characterized dominance harmful microbes lack ones, can disrupt homeostasis lead to various problems (1,(7)(8)(9).In recent years, research has intensified on intricate connections microbiota, eubiotics, their impacts disease. To advance this growing field, special issue Frontiers Immunology launched dedicated topic. We are proud present collection 11 impactful publications contributed 69 researchers from around globe.In experimental study conducted Micek et al. Poland, explored whether there association consumption polyphenols, lignans, herbal sterols presence immune-stimulating Escherichia coli Enterococcus spp. included 95 non-obese participants aged 25-45 comprising 22 women 73 men. findings demonstrated significant correlation higher intake these phytochemical compounds reduced risk COVID-19 infection. enhancement likely mediated effect. However, authors recommended further confirm expand upon observations. Another investigation, led Chen al., used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach examine causal nicotine dependence composition. This analyzed genome-wide (GWAS) data 38,602 former smokers African-American European descent with varying levels dependence. suggested that plays role metabolism may influence progression associated These studies highlight pivotal modulating outcomes underscore need for continued exploration area.In review Luo aimed investigate intestinal vitamin A metabolism, retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway connection bladder cancer. suggests tumorigenesis through RA pathway. Overall, interaction exhibits synergistic anti-tumor effects.Su investigated six lung diseases: asthma, chronic bronchitis, obstructive pulmonary (COPD), interstitial (ILD), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), arterial hypertension (PAH). results revealed causality diseases. Specifically, individual bacterial families either increase or decrease developing diseases.Li composition, plasma metabolome, peripheral blood cells, inflammatory cytokines, obesity. Given obesity metabolic influenced environmental genetic identify potential links factors. Among different correlations, reported analysis 12 obesity-related pathways, particularly D-arginine, D-ornithine, linoleic acid, glycerophospholipid which were closely related Petakh set out explore how posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects biomarkers. By analyzing 15 studies, they uncovered shifts microbiota's diversity people PTSD. Interestingly, certain species seemed play changes. when it came biomarkers, didn't find notable differences those PTSD without it.Their showed MH, taken orally, could trigger interferon (IFN) Toll-like Receptors (TLRs). was observed both BALB/c C57BL/6 mouse models CRC. Beyond that, MH reshape tumor environment boosting cytokines chemokines regulate response. honey also influences reducing bacteria enhancing effects.Warren examined microbiota-gut-brain-immune axis neuroinflammatory They argued advancing global personalized healthcare means providing low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) training, fostering collaboration, ensuring ethical engagement, using standardized, multi-omics approaches.In Warren al.'s second review, stress, mental issues, dysfunction microbiota-gut-brain axis. reviewed evidence-based prevention strategies therapeutic targets.Hong tackled link juvenile idiopathic arthritis uveitis randomization. Their direct changes development conditions, offering new insight into underlying causes.Finally, Nenciarini studied Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lactobacillus interact system. Using strains kefir, probiotics, stool samples Crohn's patient, discovered co-cultures activate cells promote tolerant point interactions fine-tune immunity.

Язык: Английский