The Current Understanding of the Molecular Pathogenesis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(10), С. 4646 - 4646

Опубликована: Май 13, 2025

The thyroid is a vital endocrine organ that regulates metabolism, heart rate, respiration, digestion, body temperature, brain development, skin and bone maintenance, reproduction fertility. Thyroid cancer (TC) the most common malignancy, with an estimate of 44,020 new cases in 2025. Incidence has been increasing, notably at 4-5% per year young adults. Papillary (PTC), TC subtype, accounts for approximately 80% newly diagnosed cases. Furthermore, 2290 deaths are expected from disease 2025, survival over 98% treatment. However, as PTC occurs frequently women, recurrences frequent 10-year disease-specific rate advanced less than 50%. This narrative review aims to describe current understanding gland, incidence subtypes cancer, specifically diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, recurrence PTC. supplemented by role molecular pathways biomarkers

Язык: Английский

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Thyroid Dysfunction in Mycosis Fungoides: Sonographic and Laboratory Insights

Dermatology Practical & Conceptual, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 4961 - 4961

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Thyroid gland affection in mycosis fungoides has rarely been reported. It occurs as extracutaneous involvement, incidentally, a second malignancy, or side effect of systemic retinoids. This study aimed to specifically screen for biochemical structural thyroid larger number mycoses patients. Twenty-eight patients received formal ultrasound examination, and their hormones anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels were evaluated. Hypoechogenic (suggesting thyroiditis) was detected 39.3% patients, had nodules. antibodies normal 92.9% There statistically significant relationship between the variant glandular echogenicity. Eighty percent with hypopigmented hypoechoic gland, compared 43.8 % patch stage none poikilodermatous (P=0.017*). DTD-TIRADS score (P=0.014*). The mean duration longer III IV nodules, however, without statistical significance. Patients treated psoralen ultraviolet A phototherapy, narrow-band B more likely have thyroiditis, significance (P=0.265). We recommend regular screening because possible association thyroiditis especially variant.

Язык: Английский

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Nomogram Prediction Model of Thyroid Nodule in Healthcare Professionals: Based on Physical and Psychological Risk Factors

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 18, С. 1621 - 1633

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Thyroid nodules are a common condition with 7-15% likelihood of developing thyroid cancer. The prevalence in healthcare professionals is poorly understood, and how psychosomatic factors affect the occurrence an interesting question. Therefore, aims this study to explore physiological psychological aspects associated establish prediction model provide supportive basis for primary prevention nodules. A total 738 tertiary general hospital were selected by convenience sampling complete online questionnaire physical examination (biochemical indicators, ultrasound, etc.) from February May 2023. Logistic regression was used analyze risk factors, established nomogram. 406 had nodules, detection rate 55.0%, among those detected, 24.1% male 75.9% female. Multivariate logistic analysis showed: compared ≤40 years old, aged 41-50 or >50 old (OR=2.071/8.034); female (OR=1.873) also factor relative male; addition, anxiety (OR=1.105), perceived stress (OR=1.045), fatty liver (OR=2.716), TSH abnormality (OR=1.944), ALT (OR=2.252) factors. Based on above seven influencing nomogram drawn verified internally. results showed that area AUC under ROC curve 0.713, calibration indicated consistency acceptable. higher professionals. combination TNs has significant impact Identifying managing them promptly important health

Язык: Английский

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Thyroid Ultrasonography: Much Ado About Nothing? A Provocative Analysis

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(11), С. 1764 - 1764

Опубликована: Май 24, 2025

Thyroid ultrasonography (US) usage has risen significantly over the past two decades, with annual increases of up to 21% in some healthcare systems. This review examines patterns thyroid US usage, factors driving potential misuse, and strategies mitigate overuse. While provides valuable information on morphology structure without radiation exposure, inappropriate use—estimated at 10–50% exams—leads adverse consequences, including patient anxiety, unnecessary procedures, overdiagnosis cancer. The widespread adoption coincided increased cancer diagnoses, yet mortality rates remain unchanged, suggesting rather than actual disease increase. Clinical guidelines consistently recommend selective use not for routine evaluation dysfunction (hyper/hypothyroidism) palpable abnormalities, but anatomical assessment nodules. For incidentalomas (ITNs), evidence suggests negligible malignancy risk nodules < 1 cm, arguing against further investigation. paper proposes a rational approach US, emphasizing that patients euthyroid nodules, subcentimetric ITNs should undergo US. Addressing this overutilization requires better understanding contributing targeted interventions. By restricting appropriate clinical scenarios, resources can be optimized compromising outcomes, ensuring rare cases clinically significant receive proper diagnosis treatment.

Язык: Английский

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In Reference to “The Prevalence of Local Symptoms in Benign Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis”

The Laryngoscope, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 27, 2025

Язык: Английский

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