Pharmaceuticals,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(10), С. 1325 - 1325
Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2024
Acquired
resistance
and
adverse
effects
are
some
of
the
challenges
faced
by
thousands
Luminal
A
breast
cancer
patients
under
tamoxifen
(TMX)
treatment.
Some
authors
associate
overexpression
HOXB7
with
TMX
in
this
molecular
subtype,
knockdown
gene
could
be
an
effective
strategy
to
regain
sensitivity.
Therefore,
we
used
calcium
phosphate
hybrid
nanoparticles
(HNP)
for
delivery
short
interfering
RNA
molecule
(siRNA)
complementary
evaluated
interference
(RNAi)
associated
treatment
vivo.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
Lactate
has
emerged
as
a
key
regulator
in
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
influencing
both
progression
and
immune
dynamics.
As
byproduct
of
aerobic
glycolysis,
lactate
satisfies
metabolic
needs
proliferating
cells
while
reshaping
TME
to
facilitate
evasion.
Elevated
levels
inhibit
effector
such
CD8
+
T
natural
killer
cells,
supporting
immunosuppressive
regulatory
myeloid-derived
suppressor
thus
fostering
an
environment.
promotes
epigenetic
reprogramming,
stabilizes
hypoxia-inducible
factor-1α,
activates
nuclear
factor
kappa
B,
leading
further
immunological
dysfunction.
In
this
review,
we
examined
role
suppression,
treatment
resistance.
We
also
discuss
promising
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
metabolism,
including
dehydrogenase
inhibitors,
monocarboxylate
transporter
neutralization
methods,
all
which
can
restore
function
enhance
immunotherapy
outcomes.
By
highlighting
recent
advances,
review
provides
theoretical
foundation
for
integrating
lactate-targeted
therapies
into
clinical
practice.
highlight
potential
synergy
between
these
current
immunotherapeutic
strategies,
providing
new
avenues
addressing
TME-related
challenges
improving
outcomes
patients
with
cancer.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30(8), С. 1763 - 1763
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025
The
“Warburg
effect”
is
a
term
coined
century
ago
for
the
preferential
use
of
glycolysis
over
aerobic
respiration
in
tumor
cells
energy
production,
even
under
conditions.
Although
this
less
efficient
mechanism
generating
from
glucose,
glycolysis,
addition
to
canonical
anaerobic
an
effective
means
lactate
production.
abundant
waste
product,
lactate,
yielded
by
dual
tumor,
has
been
discovered
be
major
biomolecule
that
drives
cancer
progression.
Lactate
metabolic
source
that,
via
cell
membrane
transporters,
shuttles
and
out
as
well
cell-associated
stromal
immune
within
microenvironment
(TME).
Additionally,
serves
pH
tuner,
signaling
ligand
transducer,
epigenetic
gene
transcription
regulator,
TME
modifier,
suppressor,
chemoresistance
modulator,
prognostic
marker.
With
such
broad
functionalities,
production–consumption–reproduction
fuels
growth
dissemination.
Here,
we
elaborate
on
sources
contribute
pool
TME,
functions
influence
function
local
tissue
immunity,
anticancer
therapeutic
approaches
adopting
manipulations
their
efficacies.
By
scrutinizing
these
properties
others
have
addressed
field,
it
expected
better
weighing
development,
progression,
prognosis,
efficacy
can
achieved.
Short‐chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
produced
by
dietary
fiber
fermentation
in
the
colon,
play
essential
roles
cellular
metabolism,
with
butyrate
notably
modulating
immune
responses
and
epigenetic
regulation.
Their
production
contributes
to
an
acidic
colonic
environment
where
protonated
SCFAs
permeate
membranes,
leading
intracellular
acidification
SCFA
accumulation.
Using
our
method
measure
pH,
we
investigated
how
extracellular
pH
influences
butyrate‐induced
immunomodulatory
effects
human
macrophages.
Our
data
show
that
accumulates
acidifies
cells
at
due
permeability
of
its
form.
While
inflammatory
cytokine
was
mildly
influenced
histone
acetylation
exhibited
a
dependence,
underscoring
importance
considering
when
assessing
SCFA's
functions.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(10), С. 736 - 736
Опубликована: Май 18, 2025
Dendritic
cells
(DCs)
are
critical
regulators
of
immune
homeostasis,
balancing
tolerance
and
immunity
through
antigen
presentation
T
cell
modulation.
While
the
influence
hypoxia
(<2%
O2)
on
DC
function
in
pathological
settings
is
well-documented,
impact
physiological
O2
levels
remains
underexplored.
This
study
investigates
role
physioxia
(4%
programming
mature
DCs
toward
a
tolerogenic
phenotype
compared
to
atmospheric
conditions
(21%
typically
present
vitro
assays.
cultures
generated
under
4%
exhibited
reduced
monocyte-to-DC
transformation
rate,
increased
lactate
production,
semi-mature
surface
marker
profile,
expression
tolerance-associated
ILT4.
priming
was
altered
only
when
were
co-cultured
physioxia,
suggesting
an
O2-dependent
threshold
for
immunostimulatory
capacity.
These
findings
highlight
complexity
mechanisms
DC-T
interactions,
revealing
delicate
balance
between
immunogenicity.
Our
results
underscore
need
physiologically
relevant
research
better
reflect
vivo
behavior
inform
immunotherapy
design.
Overall,
this
advances
understanding
how
microenvironmental
cues
shape
biology,
with
implications
tolerance,
autoimmunity,
cancer
immunotherapy.
Expert Review of Proteomics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 30, 2025
Brain
solid
tumors
are
a
leading
cause
of
cancer-related
mortality
at
all
ages.
The
updated
2021WHO
Central
Nervous
System
tumor
classification
is
based
on
genomic
diagnostics.
Nonetheless,
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
proteomics
platform
for
protein
biomarker
discovery
in
brain
patient
management.
Tumor
metabolic
reprogramming,
also
through
epigenetic
mechanisms,
central
to
cancer.
EVs
transfer
proteins
and
nucleic
acids
that
relay
the
redox
state
parent
cells.
This
review
addresses
translation
focusing
recent
(from
2022-2024
PubMed)
proteomic
studies
patients,
selected
their
focus
aspects.
most
treatable
adult
isocitrate
dehydrogenase-mutated
glioma.
Minimally
invasive
collection
from
cerebrospinal
fluid
or
prospectively
blood
allows
analysis
CSF
express
key
CNS
biomarkers
therapy
targets
undetectable
whole
adaptations.
Metabolic
dependencies
can
represent
potential
targets.
clinical
implications
EV
promising
diagnostic
prognostic
purposes
tumors,
Cancer
remains
a
significant
global
health
burden,
claiming
countless
lives
annually
and
incurring
substantial
direct
indirect
economic
costs.
Despite
advancements
in
therapeutic
modalities,
conventional
cancer
treatments,
including
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy
surgery,
are
often
hampered
by
limitations
such
as
insufficient
efficacy,
dose-dependent
side
effects,
high
costs
patient
tolerability.
This
has
spurred
extensive
research
into
novel
approaches
for
this
life-threatening
disease.
Metal
nanoparticles
(MNPs)
have
emerged
promising
tools
therapy
due
to
their
unique
physicochemical
properties
spanning
the
past
two
decades.
Owing
size
similarity
biological
molecules,
MNPs
possess
inherent
ability
penetrate
cellular
barriers,
making
them
ideal
carriers
targeted
drug
delivery.
These
multifunctional
nanoplatforms
offer
distinct
advantages
over
therapeutics
enabling
delivery
of
anticancer
agents
specific
tumor
sites,
thereby
enhancing
efficacy
minimizing
systemic
effects.
Photodynamic
sonodynamic
represent
particularly
strategies
that
leverage
treatment.
review
delves
potential
applications
modulating
microenvironment,
paving
way
exploration
vast
rapidly
evolving
field
nanomedicine.
Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
8(4), С. 1 - 9
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024
Triple-negative
breast
cancer
(TNBC)
is
a
highly
aggressive
form
of
which
lacks
the
traditional
cellular
targets
other
types
cancer.
As
such,
it
increasingly
important
to
find
alternative
treat
this
deadly
disease.
Recently,
tumour-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
have
become
an
exciting
area
focus
for
research
and
may
provide
source
treatment
options
TNBC.
Macrophages
are
part
innate
immune
response
also
play
crucial
role
in
tumour
progression,
inflammation,
metastasis.
TAMs
fall
along
spectrum
generally
presented
as
either
M1
type
or
M2
type.
considered
anti-tumorigenic
whereas
pro-tumorigenic,
promoting
growth
inhibiting
T-cell
response.
A
search
University
Alberta's
online
library
database
was
carried
out
with
specific
emphasis
on
clinical
research.
Search
efforts
focused
effects
progression
Further
searches
were
performed
determine
efficacy
targeting
Increasing
relative
ratio
depletion
lead
better
prognosis
be
repolarized
phenotype
using
metformin,
inhibition
SerpinE2,
YAP/STAT3,
MED1/PPARy.
Macrophage
recruitment
microenvironment
inhibited
by
chemokines
such
CCL2.
Current
methods
could
not
efficiently
deplete
at
high
abundance.
The
abundance
their
phagocytic
properties
instead
exploited
increase
cell
phagocytosis
CD47-SIRPɑ
axis.
Exciting
opportunities
been
revealed
regarding
macrophage
recruitment,
repolarization
type,
through
exploitation
macrophages.
However,
conflicting
results
can
found
all
these
emerging
strategies.
Worsening
matters
lack
knowledge
functions
confusing
landscape
current
naming
conventions.
further
required
target
treatment.
