Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1), С. 104 - 104

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Cytokine-mediated inflammation is increasingly recognized for playing a vital role in the pathophysiology of wide range brain disorders, including neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental problems. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) cause neuroinflammation, alter function, accelerate disease development. Despite progress understanding these pathways, effective medicines targeting are still limited. Traditional anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory drugs peripheral inflammatory illnesses. Still, they face substantial hurdles when applied to central nervous system (CNS), blood-brain barrier (BBB) unwanted systemic effects. This review highlights developing treatment techniques modifying cytokine-driven focusing on advances that selectively target critical involved pathology. Novel approaches, cytokine-specific inhibitors, antibody-based therapeutics, gene- RNA-based interventions, sophisticated drug delivery systems like nanoparticles, show promise with respect lowering neuroinflammation greater specificity safety. Furthermore, developments biomarker discoveries neuroimaging improving our ability monitor responses, allowing more accurate personalized regimens. Preclinical clinical trial data demonstrate therapeutic potential tailored techniques. However, significant challenges remain, across BBB reducing off-target As research advances, creation personalized, cytokine-centered therapeutics has therapy landscape illnesses, giving patients hope better results higher quality life.

Язык: Английский

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E-Nose: a new frontier for non-invasive cancer detection and monitoring

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Electronic Nose (E-Nose) technology has emerged as a transformative tool in medical diagnostics, leveraging sensor arrays that mimic the human olfactory system to detect odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) various biological samples. E-Nose systems utilize range of types, such metal oxide semiconductors conducting polymers, generate unique “smell fingerprints” through pattern recognition algorithms. These have shown promise diagnosing conditions, including respiratory diseases, infectious metabolic disorders, neurological conditions. Notably, holds significant cancer offering non-invasive, cost-effective, rapid approach early detection monitoring. It demonstrated impressive accuracy (85%-95%) detecting cancers monitoring complications. However, challenges remain, issues with standardization, sensitivity, data interpretation. Despite these hurdles, technology’s market growth is fueled by increasing prevalence chronic diseases. Recent developments Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning techniques like deep learning, enhanced diagnostic robustness devices. This paper explores evolution, core principles, applications, challenges, future potential technology, particular emphasis on integrating recent advancements AI for Future research collaboration across sectors are essential overcome existing integrate into mainstream healthcare.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes in Precision Oncology and Beyond: From Bench to Bedside in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 940 - 940

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Exosomes have emerged as pivotal players in precision oncology, offering innovative solutions to longstanding challenges such metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and immune evasion. These nanoscale extracellular vesicles facilitate intercellular communication by transferring bioactive molecules that mirror the biological state of their parent cells, positioning them transformative tools for cancer diagnostics therapeutics. Recent advancements exosome engineering, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analytics, isolation technologies are breaking barriers scalability, reproducibility, clinical application. Bioengineered exosomes being leveraged CRISPR-Cas9 delivery, while AI models enhancing biomarker discovery liquid biopsy accuracy. Despite these advancements, key obstacles heterogeneity populations lack standardized protocols persist. This review synthesizes pioneering research on biology, molecular translation, emphasizing dual roles both mediators tumor progression intervention. It also explores emerging areas, including microbiome–exosome interactions integration machine learning exosome-based medicine. By bridging innovation with translational strategies, this work charts a forward-looking path integrating into next-generation care, setting it apart comprehensive guide overcoming technological hurdles rapidly evolving field.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Exosomes in Cancer Progression and Therapy

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 27 - 27

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles and crucial in intercellular communication. Interestingly, tumor-derived exosomes carry oncogenic molecules, such as proteins microRNAs, which can reprogram recipient cells, promote angiogenesis, stimulate cancer pre-metastatic niche, supporting growth metastasis. On the other hand, their biocompatibility, stability, ability to cross biological barriers make them attractive candidates for drug delivery. Recent advances have shown potential be used early disease detection targeted therapy by delivering therapeutic agents specifically tumor sites. Despite promising applications, a number of challenges remain, including exosome isolation characterization, well inherent heterogeneity. Thus, current review aims describe roles health disease, discuss that hinder development into becoming useful medical tools.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating Biomarkers of Thyroid Cancer: An Appraisal

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1582 - 1582

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine cancer. The prognosis depends on type and stage at diagnosis. treatments involve surgery, possibly followed by additional therapeutic options such as hormone therapy, radiation targeted therapy chemotherapy. Besides well-known thyroid tumor biomarkers, new circulating biomarkers are now emerging. Advances in genomic, transcriptomic proteomic technologies have allowed development of novel biomarkers. This review explores current literature data to critically analyze benefits limitations routinely measured for diagnosis monitoring also sheds light focusing challenges their use clinical management cancer, underlining need identification a generation

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in DNA nanotechnology for cancer detection and therapy: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 142136 - 142136

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Blood Ratios in Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma: A Multicentric Observational Study

Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(4), С. 346 - 346

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

Peripheral complete blood cell count (CBC) and ratios, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-to-red (NRR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), have been used in the diagnosis prognosis of several cancers; however, their relevance canine splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) remains to be investigated. This study investigated whether CBC, NLR, NRR, PLR could diagnostic prognostic biomarkers dogs with HSA. Analyzing medical records 154 undergoing splenectomy from 2018 2022, we found that diagnosed HSA (n = 63) had significantly higher neutrophil counts (14.9 ± 9.7 vs. 12.6 9.6; p < 0.001), increased NRR (3.7 2.6 2.7 3.7; lower platelet (145 111 270 213; reduced (139.4 160.0 259.9 278.0; 0.001) compared other lesions. also identified a risk relapse mortality associated (p 0.001 0.012, respectively) an inverse relationship 0.015 0.033, respectively), whereas NLR showed no significant association. The multivariate survival analysis as independent factor for DFI [hazard (1.837); 95% confidence interval (1.147–2.942); 0.011], while OS, association did not reach statistical significance (1.510); (0.985–2.314); 0.059]. These findings highlight potential assessing HSA, advocating further validation future.

Язык: Английский

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LSTM and CNN Hybrid Model for Enhanced Fingerprint Recognition

Emerging Trends in Drugs Addictions and Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100174 - 100174

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Exosomal miRNA-based theranostics in cervical cancer: bridging diagnostics and therapy

Medical Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 42(6)

Опубликована: Май 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Wearable biosensors and devices for lung function monitoring

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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