The road ahead for chimeric antigen receptor T cells
The Journal of Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Abstract
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
T
(CART)
cell
therapy
is
an
innovative
form
of
immunotherapy
that
has
shown
remarkable
and
long-term
responses
in
patients
with
B-cell
malignancies.
Over
the
years,
field
made
significant
progress
our
understanding
successes
challenges
associated
CART
therapy.
In
this
review,
we
provide
overview
current
state
clinic.
We
detail
including
patient
access,
CART-associated
toxicity,
tumor
heterogeneity,
trafficking,
microenvironment,
different
fates.
With
each
challenge,
review
lessons
learned,
potential
solutions
outline
areas
for
future
development.
Finally,
discuss
how
engineered
moving
into
treatment
solid
tumors
other
diseases
beyond
cancer.
Язык: Английский
CAR-T cell therapy: breakthroughs, challenges and emerging horizons in cancer treatment
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(12), С. 4829 - 4841
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024
Chimeric
Antigen
Receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
recently
emerged
as
a
breakthrough
technology,
offering
targeted
approach
in
the
treatment
of
cancers.
It
is
form
cancer
immunotherapy
which
involves
genetic
modification
autogenic
or
allogenic
T
cells
to
express
chimeric
receptor
that
can
target
specific
tumor
antigen
on
malignant
cells.
The
receptors
are
because
both
antigen-binding
and
activating
functions
integrated
into
single
receptor.
greatest
potential
CAR-T
lies
its
power
use
patient’s
immune
system
fight
besides
durability.
also
overcomes
certain
limitations
such
limited
effectiveness
resistant
cancers,
lack
precision
blood
cancers
etc.
associated
with
traditional
therapies
like
chemotherapy
radiation.
proven
significantly
efficacious
clinical
trials
for
patients
relapsed
refractory
haematological
malignancies
lesser
extent
solid
tumors
too.
A
few
these
CAR-
have
finally
been
approved
by
FDA
after
decades
pre-clinical
developments.
though
causes
long
term
remissions
some
patients,
yet
either
relapse
suffer
severe
toxic
adverse
effects,
leaving
innovation
space
further
research.
This
review
discusses
structure
cells,
principle
applications,
efficacy,
safety,
challenges
future
directions
patients.
Язык: Английский
Neuropsychiatric manifestations following chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for cancer: a systematic review of clinical outcomes and management strategies
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(12), С. e009174 - e009174
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Background
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
emerged
as
a
transformative
modality
in
the
treatment
of
patients
with
cancer.
However,
it
is
increasingly
evident
that
this
therapeutic
approach
not
without
its
challenges.
The
unique
nature
CAR-T
cells
living
drugs
introduces
distinct
set
side
effects.
As
application
expands
to
treat
broader
range
diseases,
becomes
important
devise
effective
strategies
for
handling
associated
toxicities.
Challenges
treating
include
addressing
complications
such
cytokine
release
syndrome,
immune
effector
cell-associated
neurotoxicity
and
cytopenias.
This
comprehensive
review
seeks
systematically
identify,
categorize
elucidate
all
previously
described
neurological
psychological
effects
therapy,
shedding
light
on
pertinent
laboratory
findings
underscore
these
phenomena.
Methods
PubMed,
Springer
Link,
ScienceDirect
were
searched
empirical
studies
adult
cancer
receiving
hemato-oncological
malignancies.
Quality
assessment
was
conducted
using
Version
2
Cochrane
risk-of-bias
tool
(RoB
2)
randomized
trials
adherence
STROBE
(Strengthening
Reporting
Observational
Studies
Epidemiology)
checklist
observational
studies.
synthesis
via
narrative
approach,
consolidating
diverse
array
data
into
coherent
framework.
Results
From
an
initial
pool
2,276
citations,
546
met
inclusion
criteria,
exhibiting
rich
tapestry
heterogeneity
terms
study
characteristics
patient
samples.
incidence
neuropsychological
symptoms
varied
notably
across
different
products
hematological
Among
most
frequently
reported
aphasia,
attention
deficits,
impaired
consciousness,
disorientation,
alongside
constellation
other
including
confusion,
cognitive
impairment,
memory
loss,
writing
difficulties,
fatigue,
headache,
agitation,
tremor,
seizures,
psychomotor
retardation.
Early
intervention
strategies,
corticosteroids
tocilizumab,
have
shown
potential
reduce
intensity
prevent
their
progression
critical
complications.
Conclusion
These
insights
imperative
extending
assessments
beyond
conventional
Immune
Effector
Cell-Associated
Encephalopathy
score
Язык: Английский
Unlocking the Code: The Role of Molecular and Genetic Profiling in Revolutionizing Glioblastoma Treatment
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43, С. 100881 - 100881
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
is
the
most
aggressive
primary
brain
cancer,
characterized
by
profound
molecular
and
cellular
heterogeneity,
which
contributes
to
its
resistance
conventional
therapies
poor
prognosis.
Despite
multimodal
treatments
including
surgical
resection,
radiation,
chemotherapy,
median
survival
remains
approximately
15
months.
Recent
advances
in
genetic
profiling
have
elucidated
key
alterations
subtypes
of
GBM,
such
as
EGFR
amplification,
PTEN
ATRX
loss,
TP53
alterations,
significant
prognostic
therapeutic
implications.
These
discoveries
spurred
development
targeted
aimed
at
disrupting
aberrant
signaling
pathways
like
RTK/RAS/PI3K
TP53.
However,
treatment
a
formidable
challenge,
driven
tumor
complex
microenvironment
(TME),
intrinsic
adaptive
mechanisms.
Emerging
approaches
aim
address
these
challenges,
use
immunotherapies
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
CAR
T-cell
therapies,
target
specific
antigens
but
face
hurdles
due
immunosuppressive
TME.
Additionally,
novel
strategies
biopolymer-based
interstitial
focused
ultrasound
for
blood-brain
barrier
disruption,
nanoparticle-based
drug
delivery
systems
show
promise
enhancing
efficacy
precision
GBM
treatments.
This
review
explores
evolving
landscape
therapy,
emphasizing
importance
personalized
medicine
through
profiling,
potential
combination
need
innovative
overcome
resistance.
Continued
research
into
GBM's
biology
modalities
offers
hope
improving
patient
outcomes.
Язык: Английский