Modulation of atherosclerosis‐related signaling pathways by Chinese herbal extracts: Recent evidence and perspectives

Phytotherapy Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(6), С. 2892 - 2930

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Abstract Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a preeminent cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The onset atherosclerosis underpins the emergence ischemic diseases, including coronary heart (CHD). Its pathogenesis entails multiple factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, vascular endothelial damage, foam cell formation, platelet activation. Furthermore, it triggers activation diverse signaling pathways Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), NF‐E2‐related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE), Notch pathway, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), nucleotide oligo‐structural domain‐like thermoprotein structural domain‐associated protein 3 (NLRP3), silencing information regulator 2‐associated enzyme 1 (Sirt1), nuclear transcription factor‐κB (NF‐κB), Circular RNA (Circ RNA), MicroRNA (mi Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), Janus kinase‐signal transducer activator (JAK/STAT). Over recent decades, therapeutic approaches for have been dominated by utilization high‐intensity statins to reduce lipid levels, despite significant adverse effects. Consequently, there is growing interest in development safer more efficacious drugs modalities. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers vital strategy prevention treatment diseases. Numerous studies detailed mechanisms through which TCM active ingredients modulate molecules influence atherosclerotic process. This article reviews implicated advancements research on extracts treatment, drawing original articles from various databases Google Scholar, Medline, CNKI, Scopus, Pubmed. objective furnish reference clinical management

Язык: Английский

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Roles and Potential Mechanisms of Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic Stroke

Translational Stroke Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Short‐ and long‐term risk stratification in acutely ill medical patients by implementing ankle‐brachial index and pulse wave velocity in the emergency setting

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract Objective Ankle‐brachial index (ABI) and carotid‐femoral pulse‐wave velocity (cfPWV) are well‐established surrogate markers of overall cardiovascular risk. However, their prognostic value towards short‐ long‐term mortality in an emergency medicine setting is yet unknown. Approach Results Acutely ill medical patients systematically underwent cfPWV ABI measurements at the department a tertiary care hospital. Patients' survival was analysed relation to values initial presentation. In total, 1080 individuals (43.7% females; 59.6 ± 17.4 years old) were enrolled. Over median follow‐up period 24.4 months, 112 (10%) deaths observed. 30‐day 4.9% with pathological 1.4% normal ( p = .003). There also significant difference over entire observational regarding cumulative < .001). Thirty‐day 2.4% ≥10 m/s .7% <10 .025), whole differed between as well Conclusion acutely patients, noninvasive assessment triage level facilitates risk stratification for mortality. Patients could thus be seen proxy sicker cohort worse polyvascular situation.

Язык: Английский

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Vascular Architecture-on-Chip: Engineering complex blood vessels for reproducing physiological and heterogenous hemodynamics and endothelial function

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Vascular architecture-on-chip: engineering complex living vessels.

Язык: Английский

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Pyroptosis in NLRP3 inflammasome-related atherosclerosis

Cell Stress, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(10), С. 79 - 88

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022

Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory form of programmed cell death in response to inflammation. It involves the pathogenesis and outcomes atherosclerosis characterized by NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, membrane pore formation, swelling, pro-inflammatory mediator cytokine release. There are known pyroptosis molecular pathways including caspase-1 depended canonical signaling pathway caspase-4/5/11 determined non-canonical pathway. essential explore connection among inflammasome, atherosclerosis, which may shed light on potential therapeutic strategies that target atherosclerotic treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Inducible nitric oxide synthase activity mediates TNF-α-induced endothelial cell dysfunction

AJP Cell Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 325(3), С. C780 - C795

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and vascular endothelial dysfunction have been implicated in the development progression of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to elucidate role iNOS dysfunction. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multivariate data analysis was used characterize metabolic changes human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) response different treatment conditions. In addition, molecular biology techniques were employed explain mechanisms underlying Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) enhances expression iNOS, TXNIP, level reactive oxygen species (ROS) facilitates entry nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) into nucleus promotes injury HUVECs. deficiency reversed TNF-α-mediated pathological Moreover, TNF-α increased tumor factor receptor-2 (TNFR-2) levels p-IκBα IL-6 proteins CD31, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 protein expression, which significantly reduced HUVECs deficiency. treating absence or presence respectively, enabled identification putative endogenous biomarkers associated These involved critical pathways, including glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, sphingolipid fatty metabolism. during may affect TNFR-2, adhesion factors, ROS via cellular changes, thereby attenuating dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY factors

Язык: Английский

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Benefits of Curcumin in the Vasculature: A Therapeutic Candidate for Vascular Remodeling in Arterial Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Growing evidence suggests that hypertension is one of the leading causes cardiovascular morbidity and mortality since uncontrolled high blood pressure increases risk myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, hemorrhagic stroke, chronic kidney disease. Impaired vascular homeostasis plays a critical role in development hypertension-induced remodeling. Abnormal behaviors cells are not only pathological hallmark hypertensive remodeling, but also an important basis for maintaining reduced compliance hypertension. Targeting remodeling represents novel therapeutic approach its complications. Phytochemicals emerging as candidates with effects on numerous pathologies, including An increasing number studies have found curcumin, polyphenolic compound derived from dietary spice turmeric, holds broad spectrum pharmacological actions, such antiplatelet, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiangiogenic effects. Curcumin has been shown to prevent or treat rodents by modulating various signaling pathways. In present review, we attempt focus current findings molecular mechanisms curcumin treatment particular, adverse inconsistent well some favorable pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics profiles arterial will be discussed. Moreover, recent progress preparation nano-curcumins their potential briefly recapped. The future research directions challenges hypertension-related proposed. It foreseeable likely agent going forwards.

Язык: Английский

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Intravascular Imaging of Atherosclerosis by Using Engineered Nanoparticles

Biosensors, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3), С. 319 - 319

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, high-risk atherosclerotic plaques can result in myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or sudden death. Various imaging sensing techniques (e.g., ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, fluorescence, photoacoustic) have been developed for scanning inside blood vessels to provide accurate detection plaques. Nanoparticles utilized intravascular enable targeted plaques, enhance image contrast, some applications also therapeutic functions atherosclerosis. In this paper, we review the recent progress on developing nanoparticles We discuss basic nanoparticle design principles, modalities instrumentations, common targets The concluded highlighted with discussions challenges opportunities bringing into vivo (pre)clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Immunometabolism in atherosclerosis: a new understanding of an old disease

Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(9), С. 791 - 803

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition, remains leading cause of death globally, necessitating innovative approaches to target pro-atherogenic pathways. Recent advancements in the field immunometabolism have highlighted crucial interplay between metabolic pathways and immune cell function atherogenic milieus. Macrophages T cells undergo dynamic reprogramming meet demands activation differentiation, influencing plaque progression. Furthermore, intermediates intricately regulate responses atherosclerosis development. Understanding control atherosclerosis, known as athero-immunometabolism, offers new avenues for preventive therapeutic interventions. This review elucidates emerging intricate metabolism immunity underscoring significance enzymes metabolites key regulators disease pathogenesis targets.

Язык: Английский

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The Beneficial Role of Nrf2 in the Endothelial Dysfunction of Atherosclerosis

Cardiology Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 7

Опубликована: Май 12, 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious public health issue in China, accounting for more than 40% of all mortality, and it the leading cause death worldwide. Atherosclerosis pathological basis much CVD, including coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, stroke. Endothelial dysfunction an initiating exacerbating factor atherosclerosis. Recent research has linked oxidative stress mitochondrial damage to endothelial dysfunction. Nuclear erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) transcription with antioxidant effects that strongly connected several CVDs. However, mechanism by which Nrf2 reduces CVD unknown. Research indicates improves function resisting damage, thereby delaying This article examines mechanisms potential targets affecting cell improve atherosclerosis provide ideas development new treatments.

Язык: Английский

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