Neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease: Targeting neuroinflammation strategies

Phytotherapy Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(6), С. 3169 - 3189

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2024

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid‐beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to neuronal loss. Curcumin, polyphenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa , has shown potential neuroprotective effects due its anti‐inflammatory antioxidant properties. This review aims synthesize current preclinical data on anti‐neuroinflammatory mechanisms curcumin in context AD, addressing pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, as therapeutic adjunct. An exhaustive literature search was conducted, focusing recent studies within last 10 years related curcumin's impact neuroinflammation role AD. The methodology included sourcing articles specialized databases using specific medical subject headings terms ensure precision relevance. Curcumin demonstrates significant properties modulating neuroinflammatory pathways, scavenging reactive oxygen species, inhibiting production pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Despite potential, challenges remain regarding limited bioavailability scarcity comprehensive human clinical trials. emerges promising adjunct AD multimodal benefits. However, further research required overcome establish effective dosing regimens subjects. Developing novel delivery systems formulations may enhance treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(8), С. 537 - 555

Опубликована: Май 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the antiproliferative properties of Amaryllidaceae plant species and their bioactive compounds on brain tumour cell lines

Advances in Traditional Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme is considered the most aggressive type of brain tumour due to its highly invasive properties that make complete surgical resection almost impossible and treatment very challenging. The current for glioblastoma involves surgery followed by radiotherapy chemotherapy. Despite these options, recurrence toxicity from chemotherapeutic agents remain problematic, which calls novel approaches. In this study, we investigate antiproliferative activities three Amaryllidaceae plant species, Crossyne flava , Amaryllis belladonna Boophone haemanthiodes, as well their isolated bioactive compounds on U87 U251 cell lines, with H9C2 cardiac myocyte used a normal line. effect extracts viability long-term survival was determined using MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide] clonogenic assay, respectively. Additionally, ATP levels apoptosis-inducing potential were Promega Mitochondrial ToxGlo™ Caspase-Glo™ 3/7 assay kits, results reveal both induce cytotoxicity in also inhibit cells. selective cancer cells when selectivity index calculated. Furthermore, inhibited production cells, while induction apoptosis only evident compound-treated Overall, our findings suggest family could be rich source botanicals phytochemicals might effective against glioblastoma.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic Insights into the Neuroprotective Potential of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa Fruits against Aβ-Induced Cell Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(4), С. 489 - 489

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Background/Objectives: Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque accumulation, oxidative stress, and cholinergic dysfunction are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disability that progresses over time, ultimately resulting in the loss neurons. The side effects limitations current synthetic drugs have shifted attention toward natural alternatives. This study investigates ethanolic extract Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa fruits for their antioxidant, AChE-inhibitory, anti-amyloidogenic properties, as well neuroprotective against amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ1–42). Methods: Phytochemical constituents were identified through HR-LCMS analysis antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP) activities (AChE inhibition, ThT binding, MTT assay, ROS reduction, MMP restoration, AD-related gene expression via qRT-PCR) assessed using SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cells. Results: revealed existence flavonoids, phenols, other bioactive substances. In vitro assays demonstrated strong AChE-inhibitory activities, while binding assay showed protection amyloid-β aggregation. exhibited no cytotoxicity cells, even at concentration 500 μg/mL, whereas Aβ1–42 20 μM induced significant cytotoxicity. Co-treatment with (10 μM) improved cell viability (˃50%) reduced levels. Additionally, restored mitochondrial membrane potential treated highlighting its role preserving function. Conclusions: These findings suggest A. serve powerful source antioxidants, AChE inhibitors, agents, positioning them compelling option AD treatment.

Язык: Английский

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From Beach to the Bedside: Harnessing Mitochondrial Function in Human Diseases Using New Marine-Derived Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 834 - 834

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles within eukaryotic cells that act as cellular power houses owing to their ability efficiently generate the ATP required sustain normal cell function. Also, they represent a "hub" for regulation of plethora processes, including homeostasis, metabolism, defense against oxidative stress, and death. Mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with wide range human diseases complex pathologies, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria represents pivotal therapeutic opportunity in biomedicine. Marine ecosystems biologically very diversified harbor broad organisms, providing both novel bioactive substances molecules meaningful biomedical pharmacological applications. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting marine-derived have been described regulate mitochondrial biology, thus exerting effects by inhibiting abnormalities, vitro vivo, through different mechanisms action. Here, we review strategies derived from marine organisms which modulate specific processes or molecular pathways ultimately aim find key treat characterized impaired

Язык: Английский

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Edeine B ₁ produced by Brevibacillus brevis reduces the virulence of a plant pathogenic fungus by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration

mBio, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Plant pathogenic fungi cause serious diseases, which result in the loss of crop yields and reduce quality crops worldwide. To counteract escalating risks chemical fungicides, interest biological control agents to manage plant diseases has significantly increased. In this study, we comprehensively screened microbial culture filtrates using a yeast screening system find microbes exhibiting respiratory inhibition activity. Consequently, found soil-borne microbe Brevibacillus brevis HK544 strain respiration inhibitory activity identified edeine B1 (EB1) from filtrate as active compound Furthermore, against fungus Fusarium graminearum, our results showed that EB1 effects on multiple aspects with downregulation most mitochondrial-related genes based transcriptome analysis, differential EB1-sensitivity targeted mutagenesis, synergistic electron transport chain complex inhibitors. With promising disease efficacy B. producing EB1, suggest potential biocontrol agent for head blight.IMPORTANCEAs necrotrophic fungus, graminearum is highly destructive pathogen causing severe cereal mycotoxin contamination grains. Although considered primary approach caused by F. fungicide-resistant strains have been detected field after long-term continuous application fungicides. Moreover, applying fungicides trigger biosynthesis great concern many researchers. Biocontrol blight (FHB) (BCAs) represents an alternative could be used part integrated management FHB production. The extensive studies bacterial BCAs-fungal communications agroecosystems focused antibiosis. BCAs agricultural ecology already fungal control, molecular mechanisms antibiotics produced remain elucidated. Here, BCA (Brevibacillus HK544) strong antifungal its (EB1). secreted suppresses expression mitochondria-related subsequently suppressing development virulence graminearum. addition, exhibited synergism I inhibitors such rotenone fenazaquin. Our work extends understanding how exhibits suggests valuable source developing new protectants

Язык: Английский

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The Antioxidative Effects of Flavones in Hypertensive Disease

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(11), С. 2877 - 2877

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Hypertension is the leading remediable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in United States. Excess dietary salt consumption, which a catalyst of hypertension, initiates an inflammatory cascade via activation antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This pro-inflammatory response driven primarily by sodium ions (Na+) transporting into APCs epithelial channel (ENaC) subsequent NADPH oxidase activation, to high levels oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, well-known hypertension-related illness development, disturbs redox homeostasis, ultimately promotes lipid peroxidation, isolevuglandin production response. Natural medicinal compounds derived from organic materials that are characterized their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-mutagenic properties have recently gained traction amongst pharmacology community due therapeutic effects. Flavonoids, natural phenolic compound, these benefits can potentially serve as anti-hypertensives. Flavones type flavonoid increased anti-inflammatory effects may allow them act agents including diosmetin, able induce significant arterial vasodilation several different animal models. review will focus on activity flavones illuminate potential preventative mechanisms against hypertension.

Язык: Английский

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Natural products for the treatment of depression: Insights into signal pathways influencing the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 102(44), С. e35862 - e35862

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023

Depression, a prevalent psychiatric malady, afflicts substantial global demographic, engendering considerable disease burden due to its elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Contemporary therapeutic approaches for depression encompass the administration of serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase tricyclic antidepressants, albeit these pharmaceuticals potentially induce adverse neurological gastrointestinal effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) natural products proffer benefits multi-target, multi-level, multi-channel treatment modalities. In this investigation, we conducted comprehensive literature review past 5 years in PubMed other databases utilizing search terms “Depression,” “Natural medicines,” “Traditional Medicine,” “hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.” We delineated most recent pertinent signaling pathways associated with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation: nuclear factor kappa light-chain-enhancer activated B cell, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclic AMP/protein kinase A, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein B. Additionally, deliberated antidepressant mechanisms medicines comprising alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, quinones via diverse pathways. This research endeavor endeavored encapsulate synthesize progression TCMs modulating HPA axis-associated mitigate depression, thereby furnishing robust evidence ensuing domain.

Язык: Английский

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Flavonoid–Phenolic Acid Hybrids Are Potent Inhibitors of Ferroptosis via Attenuation of Mitochondrial Impairment

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 44 - 44

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2023

Cinnamic acid, ferulic and the flavonoids quercetin taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. They often referred to as polyphenols known, among others, for their pharmacological effects supporting health through inhibition of aging processes oxidative stress. To improve bioavailability, activities, safety, creation novel flavonoid–phenolic acid hybrids is an area active research. Previous work showed that such hybridization products phenolic acids enhanced resilience neuronal cells against stress vitro, attenuated cognitive impairment a mouse model Alzheimer’s disease (AD) vivo. Notably, therapeutic hybrid we obtained were more pronounced than protective activities respective individual components. The underlying mechanisms mediated by hybrids, however, remained unclear may differ from signaling pathways activated originating structures or flavonoids. In this study, characterized four previously described potent models cell death ferroptosis. Ferroptosis type iron-dependent regulated lipid peroxidation mitochondrial ROS generation has been linked neurodegenerative conditions. ferroptosis induced erastin RSL3, analyzed (lipid) peroxidation, membrane integrity, Ca2+ regulation. Our results demonstrate strong formation cytosol mitochondria. Importantly, these not radical scavenging but complex I activity reduced respiration. data highlight on metabolism further important parameters collectively determine functionality mitochondria with high impact integrity survival cells.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of PKM2 in Multiple Signaling Pathways Related to Neurological Diseases

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61(8), С. 5002 - 5026

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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