A supergene controls facultative diapause in the crop pest Helicoverpa armigera

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(11), С. 114939 - 114939

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Many insect species, including the economically important pest Helicoverpa armigera, avoid unfavorable conditions by suspending development. This form of phenotypic plasticity-facultative diapause-is a complex trait, though its evolution and intricate genetic architecture remain poorly understood. To investigate how such polygenic trait could be locally adapted, we explore architecture. We map large-effect diapause-associated locus to Z chromosome crossing high- low-latitude populations. By generating multiple chromosome-scale assemblies, identify an ∼5.93-Mb chromosomal inversion that constitutes locus. Within this inversion, 33 genes harbor divergent non-synonymous mutations, notably three circadian rhythm genes: Period, Clock, Cycle. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout experiments confirm each gene is independently essential for pupal diapause. Thus, diapause supergene arose within H. armigera via enabling local climatic adaptation in crop pest.

Язык: Английский

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A Head‐Specific Transcriptomic Study Reveals Key Regulatory Pathways for Winter Diapause in the Mosquito Culex pipiens

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 118(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The primary vector of the West Nile virus, Culex pipiens , undergoes reproductive dormancy during adverse winter season. While our current understanding has mainly focused on cellular signals and phenotypic shifts occurring at a global scale diapause, information tissue‐specific transcriptomic changes remains limited. This knowledge gap is major challenge in interpreting regulatory mechanisms tissue level. To address this, present work utilized RNA‐seq technology to investigate transcriptional head that house brain crucial endocrinal organs such as corpora allata. We obtained RNA samples from heads diapausing nondiapausing female mosquitoes two specific time intervals, ZT0 ZT16, then subjected them sequencing. Our results revealed differences differentially expressed genes between diapause non‐diapause highlighting diel variations gene expression. also selected twelve associated with phenotype examined transcript abundance six different points over 24 h. qRT‐PCR analysis showed similar up‐ downregulation transcripts nondiapause phenotypes thus validating RNA‐seq. In summary, study identified new differentiation their expression, potentially linking photoperiod seasonal insects. newly presented will significantly advance head‐specific for insect diapause.

Язык: Английский

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Diapause-like Drug-Tolerant Persister State: The Key to Nirvana Rebirth

Medicina, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(2), С. 228 - 228

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes death in world. Various drugs have been developed to eliminate it but no avail because a tumor can go into dormancy avoid therapy. In past few decades, has become popular topic cancer Recently, there an important breakthrough study dormancy. That is, cells enter reversible drug-tolerant persister (DTP) state therapy, exact mechanism found. The link between DTP and diapause seems provide opportunity for correct understanding state. Completely treating avoiding by targeting expression key genes are possible. This review delves characteristics its connection with embryonic diapause, possible treatment strategies summarized. authors believe that this will promote development

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptomics Provide Insights into the Photoperiodic Regulation of Reproductive Diapause in the Green Lacewing, Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Insects, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(2), С. 136 - 136

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024

(Okamoto) displays typical adult reproductive diapause under short photoperiods; however, our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying photoperiod-sensitive reproduction remains limited. In this study, we performed transcriptome profiling four treatments (the diapause-sensitive stage and pre-diapause phase long photoperiods)

Язык: Английский

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Altered circadian rhythm, sleep, andrhodopsin 7-dependent shade preference during diapause inDrosophila melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2024

Abstract To survive adverse environments, many animals enter a dormant state such as hibernation, dauer, or diapause. Various Drosophila species undergo adult reproductive diapause in response to cool temperatures and/or short day-length. While it is known that flies are less active during diapause, an in-depth understanding of effects on circadian rhythms and sleep lacking. Here we show that, diapause-inducing conditions, melanogaster exhibit altered activity profiles, including severely reduced morning peak advanced evening peak. Consequently, the have single at time similar when non-diapausing siesta. Temperatures ≤15 °C, rather than day-length, primarily drive behavior. At temperatures, also rapidly deep lacks cycles higher requires particularly high levels stimulation for arousal. Furthermore, 18–25 prefer siesta shade, preference virtually eliminated 10 °C. Resting shade driven by aversion blue light, sensed rhodopsin 7 (Rh7) outside eyes. Flies °C neuronal markers elevated pressure, increased expression Bruchpilot Ca 2+ R5 ellipsoid body neurons. Therefore pressure might overcome light aversion. Thus cause arrest, preserve germline stem cells, extend lifespan, prone dramatically – yet rhythmic daily patterns. Significance statement Climate change impacting animals, insects. In diverse organisms, environments trigger dormancy programs hibernation Fruit winter. develop new methods same delay fruit fly reproduction promote sleep. Cool fall asleep difficult arouse. Once awake, they immediately back Whereas warm midday drives need overwhelms light-aversion, reducing preference. Animals adjust their behavior directly temperature, day length, may be more resilient changing climate.

Язык: Английский

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Genome-wide profiles of H3K9me3, H3K27me3 modifications, and DNA methylation during diapause of Asia corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis)

Genome Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(5), С. 725 - 739

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Diapause represents a crucial adaptive strategy used by insects to cope with changing environmental conditions. In North China, the Asian corn borer ( Ostrinia furnacalis ) enters winter larval diapause stage. Although there is growing evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms in regulation, it remains unclear whether dynamic genome-wide profiles of modifications exist during this process. By investigating multiple histone modifications, we have discovered essential roles H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 borer. Building upon previous findings vertebrates highlighting connection between DNA methylation repressive methylations, examined changes profile H3K9me3, H3K27me3, at nondiapause, prediapause, stages. Data analysis reveals significant alterations these three diapause. Moreover, observe correlation modification sites diapause, whereas show little association either or H3K27me3. Integrative epigenome expression data unveils relationship gene levels corresponding Furthermore, studying function on genes known be important especially those involved juvenile pathway, discover that hormone pathway lies downstream from modifications. Finally, loci modified unreported uncovers novel pathways potentially regulation. This study provides valuable resource for future investigations aiming elucidate underlying

Язык: Английский

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Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation

Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226(3)

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2023

Abstract The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental molecular responses can vary between species, even stages one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is more resistant irradiation-induced mutations cause visible phenotypes than fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster Brachycera). Therefore, we characterized effects ionizing on B. throughout its life cycle. Our data show embryos are highly sensitive low doses gamma-irradiation, whereas late-stage larvae tolerate up 80 Gy (compared 40 for D. melanogaster) still retain their ability develop adulthood, though with a delay. To survey genes involved in early transcriptional response irradiation larvae, compared larval RNA-seq profiles without treatment. up-regulated were enriched DNA damage genes, including those repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, down-regulated regulators, consistent delay irradiated larvae. Interestingly, members PARP AGO families response. We transcriptome from 3 previous studies: pathway conserved, specific gene less so. study lays groundwork future work Diptera.

Язык: Английский

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Role of epigenetic molecular mechanisms in insect evolutionary innovations

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 217 - 282

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Telomere length is longer following diapause in two solitary bee species

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

The mechanisms that underlie senescence are not well understood in insects. Telomeres conserved repetitive sequences at chromosome ends protect DNA during replication. In many vertebrates, telomeres shorten cell division and response to stress often used as a cellular marker of senescence. However, little is known about telomere dynamics across the lifespan invertebrates. We measured length larvae, prepupae, pupae, adults two species solitary bees, Osmia lignaria Megachile rotundata. Contrary our predictions, was longer later developmental stages both O. M. Longer occurred after emergence from diapause, which physiological state with increased tolerance stress. lignaria, were when they emerged following diapause. rotundata, pupal stage subsequent adult stage, occurs prepupal species, did change 8 months Telomere differ by mass similarly or sex. also see difference exposed nutritional stress, nor their lifespan. Taken together, these results suggest bees what commonly reported vertebrates insect diapause may influence dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine Regulation of Aging in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2023

The past few decades have witnessed increasing research clarifying the role of endocrine signaling in regulation aging both vertebrates and invertebrates. Studies using model organism fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster largely advanced our understanding evolutionarily conserved mechanisms endocrinology anti-aging. Mutations single genes involved modify lifespan, as do alterations a tissue- or cell-specific manner, highlighting central coordinating crosstalk between tissues cells to determine pace aging. Here, we review current landscape D. that offers valuable insights into endocrine-governed which influence lifespan age-related physiology.

Язык: Английский

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