Grunting increases power production and vertical jump height in experienced martial artists

Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4(2), С. 247 - 256

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Muscular power is a critical determinant of performance in athletic competitions and thus identifying methods to maximize this attribute imperative. Grunting (GR) may be an effective way increase during high-velocity, explosive movements. The purpose the current investigation was determine effects GR on muscular output. Twenty-four subjects were recruited from local martial arts academy. Each subject had minimum 2 years experience. measures included five maximal cross punches (CR) roundhouse kicks (RH) peak output three countermovement vertical jumps (CMJ) seated landmine throws (SLT). In randomized order, performed these tests under breathing conditions which held breath (HB), audible exhale (AE), GR. When compared AE HB conditions, increased CR RH CMJ height but not SLT. at increasing force production striking experienced artists.

Язык: Английский

---

Similarities and differences in skeletal muscle and body composition between sexes: an MRI study of recreational cyclists

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(3), С. e001672 - e001672

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023

Objectives This study aims to quantitatively evaluate whether there are muscle mass differences between male and female recreational cyclists compare quality body composition in the pelvis region two well-matched groups of fit healthy adults. Methods cross-sectional involved 45 42 cyclists. The inclusion criteria for both were have cycled more than 7000 km last year, an absence injuries other health problems, no contraindication MRI, be 30–65 years old. Our main outcome measures fat fraction, as a measure intramuscular (IMF) content, volume gluteal muscles measured using Dixon MRI. subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) was evaluated secondary measure. Results We found that sex IMF content gluteus maximus (GMAX, p=0.42), medius (GMED, p=0.69) minimus (GMIN, p=0.06) muscles, despite females having SAT (p<0.01). Males had larger (p<0.01), but when normalised by weight p=0.54; GMED, p=0.14; GMIN, p=0.19). Conclusions shows recognised hormonal males females, is equivalence matched exercise weight. new MRI provides key information better understand similarities skeletal sexes.

Язык: Английский

---

Development of Cycling Performance Variables and Durability in Female and Male National Team Cyclists: From Junior to Senior

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(11), С. 2053 - 2063

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

This study investigated the development of power profiles and performance-related measures from junior level (<19 yr) via U23 (19-23 to senior (>23 in 19 female 100 male Norwegian national team cyclists.A total 285 tests were performed a 3-d laboratory-standardized testing regime. The included with shorter duration (6-60 s) longer durations (12-30 min) together measures: critical (CP), work capacity above CP (W'), output at 4 2 mmol·L -1 [BLa - ] (L L ), maximal aerobic (W max oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max gross efficiency (GE), pedaling efficiency.Females males evolve similarly when maturing categories (all P > 0.07), except for V̇O , which increased females (but not males) (534 ± 436 mL·min = 0.013). In general, only performances improved age (12 30 min, 0.028 0.042, respectively). Performance-related like W CP, fresh state ≤ 0.025). Importantly, performance semifatigued during 5-min test was also ( 0.045) despite higher external energy expenditure before 0.026).Junior cyclists show highly developed sprint abilities, primary improvements absolute outputs are seen >60 s categories. However, durability, i.e., maintain state, is age.

Язык: Английский

---

Agreement between Ventilatory Thresholds and Bilaterally Measured Vastus Lateralis Muscle Oxygen Saturation Breakpoints in Trained Cyclists: Effects of Age and Performance

Sports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2), С. 40 - 40

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024

This study focused on comparing metabolic thresholds derived from local muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) signals, obtained using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), with global pulmonary ventilation rates measured at the mouth. It was conducted among various Age Groups within a well-trained cyclist population. Additionally, examined how cycling performance characteristics impact discrepancies between ventilatory (VTs) and SmO2 breakpoints (BPs). Methods: Junior (n = 18) Senior 15) cyclists underwent incremental tests to assess their aerobic determine (AeT) anaerobic (AnT) threshold through gas exchange changes in linearity of vastus lateralis (VL) signals. We compared relative power (Pkg) (BPs) for nondominant (ND), dominant (DO), bilaterally averaged (Avr) during agreement analysis. 30 s sprint test performed estimate capabilities cyclists’ phenotype, defined as ratio P@VT2 highest 5 power. Results: The Pkg@BP Avr had higher VT values than ND DO. Pkg@BP1 lower (p < 0.05) Pkg@VT1 (mean bias: 0.12 ± 0.29 W/kg; Limits Agreement (LOA): −0.45 0.68 R2 0.72) mainly Seniors (0.21 0.22 LOA: −0.22 0.63 W/kg); there no difference > Pkg@BP2 Pkg@VT2 (0.03 −0.40 0.45 0.86). bias two methods correlated significantly phenotype (r −0.385 r −0.515 AeT AnT, respectively). Conclusions: Two can be NIRS-captured signal VL, but individual level too low interchangeable usage those practical training process. Older generally exhibited earlier oxygenation signals systemic responses, unlike younger who showed greater variability significant differences this regard evaluation methods. More sprinter-type tended have NIRS-derived athletes relatively abilities.

Язык: Английский

---

The Impact of Varied Training Approaches on Physical Fitness and Performance

Frontiers in Sport Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Sports training as a field of study has advanced greatly in recent years. One reason for this shift is the growing acceptance concurrent (CT), method that simultaneously improves muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. The potential new piqued interest sports scientists trainers, leading to meta-analysis systematic review. primary purpose review was determine how CT affects different aspects physical fitness it translates youth athletic performance. findings shed lot light on situation. Not only been demonstrated be superior more conventional kinds endurance or training, but also shown beneficial raising specific indices. performance adolescents who were given significantly higher than their younger counterparts. adaptability juvenile body by disparity.

Язык: Английский

---

Examining the impact of differing caffeine dosages in conjunction with plyometric training on physiological adaptations in basketball players

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024

Abstract The aim of the current study was to investigate effects ingesting different dosages caffeine (CAF) prior plyometric jump training (PJT) on sport-related performance and physiological parameters in male basketball players. Twenty-four young athletes were randomly divided into 3 groups performed 6 weeks PJT while consuming mg·kg –1 body mass (CAF3, n = 8), (CAF6, 8) or placebo (PL; one hour each session. Before after 6-week PJT, players evaluated for field-based basketball-specific measures (vertical jump, 20-m sprint, Illinois change direction speed [CODS], maximal strength) lab-based (aerobic capacity anaerobic power) parameters. CAF3, CAF6, PL demonstrated significant improvements vertical (ES 1.07, 1.45, 1.1, respectively), sprint – 0.50, 0.61, 0.36), 1.22, 1.26, 1.09), strength 1.68, 2.29, 1.17), maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max ) 1.09, 1.59, 0.92), peak 1.82, 1.85, 0.82) average power output 1.39, 1.32, 1.07) training. Comparative analysis individual adaptive responses indicated that CAF6 led insignificantly greater 1.45), 2.29), V̇O 1.59) with lower residuals changes coefficient variations (CV) mean group changes. Regarding CODS performance, both experimental similar changes, CVs Overall, induces superior adaptations aerobic fitness, power, sport-specific measures, inter-individual variability more homogenized over period.

Язык: Английский

---

Differences in the ventilatory thresholds in treadmill according to training status in 971 males and 301 females: a cross-sectional study

European Journal of Applied Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2024

Abstract Purpose To analyze the influence of training status on percentage maximum oxygen consumption, heart rate and velocity (%VO 2max , %HR max %V ) at which ventilatory threshold 1 2 occur (VT1 VT2, respectively), in males females separately considering age, during a ramp incremental treadmill test. Methods 791 (36.8 ± 9.9 years) 301 (33.9 11.0 performed exercise test until fatigue where VT1 VT2 were determined. Participants classified as low, medium or high combining consumption VT1, VO by clustering analysis. Results is poorly correlated with %VO ( r < 0.3), contrast, there positive correlation between respectively, = 0.203–0.615). Furthermore, we observed thresholds greater higher (all p 0.003). Conclusion The physiological determinants are more related to than . Moreover, due individuals status, common strategy consisting establishing intensity fixed might not be effective match across different status. Clinical trial registration NCT06246760.

Язык: Английский

---

Between-Seasons Variability of Cyclists’ Peak Performance: A Longitudinal Analysis of “Real-World” Power Output Data in Male Professional Cyclists

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(10), С. 1141 - 1144

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

The record power profile (RPP) has gained popularity as a method of monitoring endurance cycling performance. However, the expected variation cyclists' performance between seasons remains unknown. We aimed to assess between-seasons variability peak (assessed through RPP) in male professional cyclists.

Язык: Английский

---

Pre-sleep protein supplementation in professional cyclists during a training camp: a three-arm randomized controlled trial

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2023

The effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation on endurance athletes remain unclear, particularly whether its potential benefits are due to the timing intake or solely an increased total intake. We assessed in professional cyclists during a training camp accounting for influence timing.Twenty-four U23 (19 ± 1 years, peak oxygen uptake: 79.8 4.9 ml/kg/min) participated six-day camp. Participants were randomized consume supplement (40 g casein) before sleep (n = 8) afternoon 8), isoenergetic placebo carbohydrates) 8). Indicators fatigue/recovery (Hooper index, Recovery-Stress Questionnaire Athletes, countermovement jump), body composition, and performance (1-, 5-, 20-minute time trials, as well estimated critical power) study outcomes.The resulted significant (p < 0.001) increase loads (e.g. stress score 659 122 per week preceding month versus 1207 camp), which induced fatigue indicators effect Hooper index p decrease power 0.002). Protein was very high all participants (>2.5 g/kg average), with significantly higher levels found two groups compared group 0.001). No between-group differences any analyzed outcomes (all > 0.05).Protein supplementation, administered earlier day, exerts no beneficial short-term strenuous period cyclists, who naturally high-protein diet.

Язык: Английский

---

Power Profile during Cycling in World Triathlon Series and Olympic Games

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 25 - 33

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2023

This study aimed to analyze the power profile (PP) during cycling segment of international-level triathletes in World Triathlon Series (WTS) and Olympics evaluate influence circuit type, race distance (Sprint or Olympic distance) dynamics on development leg final position. Four male participated study. Twenty races were analyzed using geolocation technology power-meter data PP, dynamics, course characteristics. Before races, incremental tests volitional exhaustion with gas analysis performed determine intensity zones. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U correlation analyses conducted identify differences relationships between various variables. A time spent above maximal aerobic (MAP) dangerous curves per kilometer (r = 0.46; p < 0.05) bike split result (BSR) -0.50; was observed. Also, moderate found BSR position 0.01). No sprint any variable. Power output variability, influenced by technical segments, remains main characteristic international short-distance races. The results present suggest that who are better adapted intermittent high efforts perform legs at high-level

Язык: Английский

---