Plant carotenoids: recent advances and future perspectives

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Abstract Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic organisms. essential for plants with diverse functions photosynthesis, photoprotection, pigmentation, phytohormone synthesis, and signaling. They also critically important humans as precursors of vitamin A synthesis dietary antioxidants. The vital roles carotenoids to have prompted significant progress toward our understanding carotenoid metabolism regulation. New regulators novel continuously revealed. This review focuses on current status highlights recent advances comprehension the intrinsic multi-dimensional regulation accumulation. We discuss functional evolution carotenoids, agricultural horticultural application, some key areas future research.

Язык: Английский

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ABA Metabolism and Homeostasis in Seed Dormancy and Germination

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(10), С. 5069 - 5069

Опубликована: Май 11, 2021

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key hormone that promotes dormancy during seed development on the mother plant and after dispersal participates in control of release germination response to environmental signals. The modulation ABA endogenous levels largely achieved by fine-tuning, different tissues, synthesis cleavage carotenoid precursors inactivation 8′-hydroxylation. In this review, we provide an overview current knowledge metabolism developing germinating seeds; notably, how signals such as light, temperature nitrate through adjustment levels. A number regulatory factors have been recently identified which functional relationships with major transcription factors, INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), ABI4 ABI5, essential role increasing importance epigenetic mechanisms regulation gene expression also described. last section, give natural variations genes their effects germination, could be useful both future studies better understand identify candidates breeding materials for improving properties.

Язык: Английский

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Regulation Mechanism of Plant Pigments Biosynthesis: Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, and Betalains

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(9), С. 871 - 871

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2022

Anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains are known as the three major pigments in plant kingdom. Anthocyanins flavonoids derived from phenylpropanoid pathway. They undergo acylation glycosylation cytoplasm to produce anthocyanin derivatives deposits cytoplasm. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by MBW (comprised R2R3-MYB, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) WD40) complex. Carotenoids fat-soluble terpenoids whose synthetic genes also As precursors for synthesis of hormones nutrients, carotenoids not only synthesized plants, but some fungi bacteria, play an important role photosynthesis. Betalains special water-soluble that exist Caryophyllaceae plants. Compared anthocyanins regulation mechanism simpler, starting tyrosine, MYB (myeloblastosis). Recently, a considerable amount novel information has been gathered on pigment biosynthesis, specifically with respect aspects. In this review, we summarize knowledge current gaps our understanding view highlighting opportunities development pigment-rich

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive overview of microalgae-derived carotenoids and their applications in diverse industries

Algal Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 78, С. 103422 - 103422

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Combining genome‐wide association and genomic prediction to unravel the genetic architecture of carotenoid accumulation in carrot

The Plant Genome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Carrots (Daucus carota L.) are a rich source of provitamin A, namely, α- and β-carotene. Breeding programs prioritize increasing β-carotene content for improved color nutrition. Understanding the genetic basis carotenoid accumulation is crucial implementing genomic-assisted selection to develop high-carotenoid lines. While previous studies identified loci (Y2, Y, Or, REC) associated with carrot content, this study employed genome-wide association (GWA) in diverse panel 738 accessions. We discovered novel locus candidate gene encoding phytoene synthase, key enzyme biosynthesis. The Y2, REC mostly fixed orange varieties, yet considerable variation concentration persists. This suggests multigenic trait influenced by environment. GWA quantitative total carotenoids α-carotene. explored accuracy genomic prediction (GP) models predict concentration. determined optimal number plants plots required accurate phenotyping, finding ≥5 per plot three site as minimum effective sample accession. GP achieved accuracies ranging from 0.06 0.40 depending on measured environment carrots were assayed. Additional breeding will clarify potential carrots.

Язык: Английский

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Toward the ‘golden’ era: The status in uncovering the regulatory control of carotenoid accumulation in plants

Plant Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 290, С. 110331 - 110331

Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Carotenoid Pigment Accumulation in Horticultural Plants

Horticultural Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 6(6), С. 343 - 360

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2020

Carotenoids are a group of widely distributed natural pigments. They give many horticultural plants the bright red, orange, and yellow colors, as well aroma flavor. enhance health value represent an essential quality trait products. Significant efforts have been made to correlate specific carotenoid production with pathway gene expression. Some transcription factors that directly regulate genes identified. Horticultural crops evolved complicated multifaceted regulatory mechanisms generate enormous diversity in content composition. However, diverse complex control accumulation is still not understood. In this review, we depict pathways highlight recent progress plants. Because critical roles chromoplasts for hyperproduction, evaluate chromoplast ultrastructures sequestrations. A perspective on research provided.

Язык: Английский

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Carotenoid biofortification in crop plants: citius, altius, fortius

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 1865(11), С. 158664 - 158664

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2020

Язык: Английский

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An update on biosynthesis and regulation of carotenoids in plants

South African Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 140, С. 290 - 302

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2020

Carotenoids are diverse groups of colorful pigments, which synthesized in plants, algae, bacteria, and some yeast. They play a pivotal role photosynthesis, photoprotection, the production phytohormones (abscisic acid strigolactone) plant cells. Most carotenogenic genes have been identified plants; however, regulatory mechanisms underlying carotenoid biosynthesis accumulation still unclear. The main objective this review is to provide updated knowledge on biosynthesis, regulation, storage, degradation biosynthetic pathway enzymes. This provides new insightful ideas, with researchers could elucidate function pathway. Furthermore, it shed light how metabolic engineering approach plants has provided important information for biotechnology.

Язык: Английский

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A fruit ripening-associated transcription factor CsMADS5 positively regulates carotenoid biosynthesis in citrus

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 72(8), С. 3028 - 3043

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2021

Carotenoids in citrus contribute to the quality of fruit, but mechanism its transcriptional regulation is fairly unknown. Here, we characterized a FRUITFULL sub-clade MADS gene, CsMADS5, that was ripening-inducible and acted as nucleus-localized trans-activator. Transient overexpression CsMADS5 induced fruit coloration enhanced carotenoid concentrations. The expression carotenogenic genes including phytoene synthase (PSY), desaturase (PDS), lycopene β-cyclase 1 (LCYb1) increased peels fruits overexpressing CsMADS5. Similar results were observed from stable tomato calli, even though effect on metabolism transgenic calli limited. Further biochemical analyses demonstrated activated transcription PSY, PDS, LCYb1 by directly binding their promoters. We concluded positively regulates biosynthesis activating genes. Moreover, physically interacted with positive regulator CsMADS6, indicating may form an enhancer complex CsMADS6 synergistically promote accumulation. These findings expand our understanding regulatory hierarchy during ripening.

Язык: Английский

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