Chromium Induces Toxicity at Different Phenotypic, Physiological, Biochemical, and Ultrastructural Levels in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(21), С. 13496 - 13496

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2022

Crop productivity is enormously exposed to different environmental stresses, among which chromium (Cr) stress raises considerable concerns and causes a serious threat plant growth. This study explored the toxic effect of Cr on sweet potato plants. Plants were hydroponically grown, treatments 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 µM applied for seven days. exhibited that low level treatment (25 µM) enhanced growth, biomass, photosynthesis, osmolytes, antioxidants, enzyme activities. However, significant deleterious effects in photosynthetic attributes, enzymes observed at higher levels treatment. The remarkable reduction growth traits was associated with over-accumulation H2O2 MDA contents (410% 577%, respectively) under highest rate (200 µM). Under Cr, uptake roots 27.4 mg kg-1 DW, while shoots 11 DW translocation from root shoot 0.40. results showed accumulation negatively correlated phenotypic physiological parameters. It may be proposed toxicity oxidative damage as sustained by augmented lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, reduced rate, chlorophyll, stomatal traits. chloroplastic ultrastructure damaged, more apparent size levels. Furthermore, aggregated concentration positively correlates increase osmolytes superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity leaves potato. Moreover, improved SOD do not help protect against high stress. Overall, these findings will improve understanding defense mechanisms

Язык: Английский

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Exogenous zinc mitigates salinity stress by stimulating proline metabolism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 10, 2023

Salinity is one of the most concerning ecological restrictions influencing plant growth, which poses a devastating threat to global agriculture. Surplus quantities ROS generated under stress conditions have negative effects on plants’ growth and survival by damaging cellular components, including nucleic acids, lipids, proteins carbohydrates. However, low levels are also necessary because their role as signalling molecules in various development-related pathways. Plants possess sophisticated antioxidant systems for scavenging well regulating protect cells from damage. Proline such crucial non-enzymatic osmolyte machinery that functions reduction stress. There has been extensive research improving tolerance, effectiveness, protection plants against stress, date, substances used mitigate adverse salt. In present study Zinc (Zn) was applied elucidate its effect proline metabolism stress-responsive mechanisms proso millet. The results our indicate impact development with increasing treatments NaCl. doses exogenous Zn proved beneficial mitigating NaCl morphological biochemical features. salt-treated plants, (1 mg/L, 2 mg/L) rescued salt (150mM) evidenced increase shoot length (SL) 7.26% 25.5%, root (RL) 21.84% 39.07% membrane stability index (MSI) 132.57% 151.58% respectively.The content improved at all concentrations maximum 66.65% mg/L Zn. Similarly, induced 200mM enzymes related biosynthesis were lower treated (150mM), increased activity P5CS 19.344% 21%. P5CR OAT activities 21.66% respectively. P5CS, Whereas P5CDH enzyme showed decrease 82.5% 2mg/L Zn+150mM 56.7% Zn+200 mM These strongly imply modulatory maintaining pool during

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Responses of Vegetable, Ornamental Crops, and Model Plants to Salinity Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(4), С. 3190 - 3190

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Vegetable and ornamental plants represent a very wide group of heterogeneous plants, both herbaceous woody, generally without relevant salinity-tolerant mechanisms. The cultivation conditions—almost all are irrigated crops—and characteristics the products, which must not present visual damage linked to salt stress, determine necessity for deep investigation response these crops salinity stress. Tolerance mechanisms capacity plant compartmentalize ions, produce compatible solutes, synthesize specific proteins metabolites, induce transcriptional factors. review critically evaluates advantages disadvantages study molecular control tolerance in vegetable with aim distinguishing tools rapid effective screening levels different plants. This information can only help suitable germplasm selection, is useful consideration high biodiversity expressed by but also drive further breeding activities.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Biochar and Compost Addition on Mitigating Salinity Stress and Improving Fruit Quality of Tomato

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(9), С. 2197 - 2197

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

To overcome food security, sustainable strategies for reclamation and the subsequent utilization of salt-affected soils crop production are needed. The aim current study was to evaluate impacts compost biochar addition on growth fruit quality tomato under salinity stress. For this purpose, soil spiked with analytical grade sodium chloride achieve a 6 dS m−1 level pot experiment. After 30 days spiking, (2%) were added in selected pots. seedling transplant, recommended doses NPK fulfill nutrient requirements plants. Plants harvested after 90 transplantation. Results revealed that caused significant reduction 28.4% SPAD value, 23.5% Ft, 22.6% MSI, 12.1% RWC, 18.3% Chl. a, 13.7% b, 16.5% T. as compared un-amended non-saline control physiological attributes Similarly, decrease 26.9–44.1% obtained control. However, saline soil, (alone or together) demonstrated improvement plant (i.e., up 45%) over respective Moreover, combined application significantly reduced (Na+) shoots roots plants by 40% 47%, respectively, Our findings suggest could be useful reduce salinity, alleviate salinity-induced phytotoxicity, subsequently improve productivity soil.

Язык: Английский

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Exogenous melatonin enhances heat stress tolerance in sweetpotato by modulating antioxidant defense system, osmotic homeostasis and stomatal traits

Horticultural Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants, predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes. Therefore, development efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential long-term production sweetpotatoes. Melatonin has been recognised its capacity assist plants in dealing with abiotic conditions. This research aimed investigate how different doses exogenous melatonin influence heat plants. drastically affected shoot root fresh weight by 31.8 44.5%, respectively. reduction resulted characterised increased formation hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 804.4%, superoxide ion (O2•−) 211.5% malondialdehyde (MDA) 234.2%. also reduced chlorophyll concentration, photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) 15.3% gaseous exchange. However, pre-treatment 100 μmol · L-1 under stress. In particular, decreased H2O2, O2•− MDA 64.8%, 42.7% 38.2%, mitigated decline levels improved stomatal traits, exchange Fv/Fm (13%). Results suggested that favorable outcomes treatment can be associated elevated antioxidant enzyme activity an increase non-enzymatic antioxidants osmo-protectants. Overall, these findings indicate improve tolerance study will researchers further investigating makes sweetpotatoes more resistant

Язык: Английский

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