Plants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(17), С. 2531 - 2531
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024
As
one
of
the
most
important
staple
crops
in
world,
rice
plays
a
pivotal
role
world
food
security.
The
creation
doubled
haploids
based
on
anther
culture
is
an
technology
for
breeding.
However,
at
present,
still
faces
many
problems,
such
as
genotype
dependency,
especially
genotypes
indica
rice.
In
this
study,
fifteen
genotypes,
including
twelve
japonica
and
three
were
randomly
selected
used
to
study
by
using
modified
M8
medium.
results
showed
that
total
callus
induction
rates
these
different
ranged
from
0.81
13.95%,
with
average
6.64%,
while
calculated
top
ten
highest
inductions
each
2.75
17.00%,
10.56%.
There
varying
gaps
between
genotypes.
fact
some
relatively
large
indicated
standard
tiller
or
collection
was
not
applicable
all
there
lot
room
improvement
rate
through
optimization
sampling
method.
plantlet
regeneration
12.55
456.54%,
200.10%.
Although
albinos
would
meet
requirement
if
had
higher
rates.
percentages
seed
setting
regenerated
green
seedlings
14%
84%,
48.73%.
Genetic
diversity
analysis
genetic
background
representative,
phylogenetic
tree
Principal
Component
Analysis
(PCA)
divided
them
into
types.
Therefore,
method
suitable
both
established,
which
could
improve
haploid
breeding
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
64(6), С. 1281 - 1294
Опубликована: Март 6, 2022
Doubled
haploid
(DH)
technology
is
used
to
obtain
homozygous
lines
in
a
single
generation,
technique
that
significantly
accelerates
the
crop
breeding
trajectory.
Traditionally,
vitro
culture
generate
DHs,
but
this
limited
by
species
and
genotype
recalcitrance.
In
vivo
induction
(HI)
through
seed
widely
efficiently
maize
was
recently
extended
several
other
crops.
Here
we
show
HI
can
be
triggered
mutation
of
DMP
maternal
inducer
genes
allopolyploid
(allotetraploid)
Brassica
napus
Nicotiana
tabacum.
We
developed
pipeline
for
selection
orthologs
clustered
regularly
interspaced
palindromic
repeats
mutagenesis
demonstrated
average
amphihaploid
rates
2.4%
1.2%
multiple
B.
N.
tabacum
genotypes,
respectively.
These
results
further
confirmed
ability
gene
polyploid
dicot
The
DMP-HI
system
offers
novel
DH
facilitate
these
success
approach
conservation
dicots
suggest
broad
applicability
Plants,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(17), С. 3106 - 3106
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023
Embryo
rescue
(ER)
techniques
are
among
the
oldest
and
most
successful
in
vitro
tissue
culture
protocols
used
with
plant
species.
ER
refers
to
a
series
of
methods
that
promote
development
an
immature
or
lethal
embryo
into
viable
plant.
Intraspecific,
interspecific,
intergeneric
crosses
allow
introgression
important
alleles
agricultural
interest
from
wild
species,
such
as
resistance
tolerance
abiotic
biotic
stresses
morphological
traits
crops.
However,
pre-zygotic
post-zygotic
reproductive
barriers
often
present
challenges
achieving
hybridization.
Pre-zygotic
manifest
incompatibility
reactions
hinder
pollen
germination,
tube
growth,
penetration
ovule
occurring
various
tissues,
stigma,
style,
ovary.
To
overcome
these
barriers,
several
strategies
employed,
including
cut-style
graft-on-style
techniques,
utilization
mixed
distinct
placenta
pollination,
pollination.
On
other
hand,
act
at
different
tissues
stages
ranging
early
subsequent
growth
reproduction
offspring.
Many
genera
result
abortion
due
failure
endosperm
development.
In
cases,
needed
hybrids.
holds
great
promise
for
not
only
facilitating
but
also
obtaining
haploids,
doubled
manipulating
ploidy
levels
chromosome
engineering
by
monosomic
disomic
addition
well
substitution
lines.
Furthermore,
can
be
shorten
cycle
propagation
rare
plants.
Additionally,
it
has
been
repeatedly
study
embryonic
development,
especially
embryo-lethal
mutants.
The
widely
procedure
is
embryos
taken
placed
directly
on
media.
certain
ovule,
ovaries
placentas
enables
young
zygote
stage
maturity.
Annals of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
134(1), С. 1 - 18
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
predominance
of
sex
in
eukaryotes,
despite
the
high
costs
meiosis
and
mating,
remains
an
evolutionary
enigma.
Many
theories
have
been
proposed,
none
them
being
conclusive
on
its
own,
they
are,
part,
not
well
applicable
to
land
plants.
Sexual
reproduction
is
obligate
embryophytes
for
great
majority
species.
Scope
This
review
compares
main
forms
sexual
asexual
ferns
angiosperms,
based
generation
cycling
sporophyte
gametophyte
(leaving
vegetative
propagation
aside).
benefits
maintenance
genomic
integrity
comparison
asexuality
are
discussed
light
developmental,
evolutionary,
genetic
phylogenetic
studies.
Conclusions
Asexual
represents
modifications
pathway,
with
various
facultative
sexuality.
For
plants,
provides
direct
DNA
repair
mechanisms
oxidative
damage
reproductive
tissues.
ploidy
alternations
meiosis–syngamy
cycles
prolonged
multicellular
stages
haploid
phase
gametophytes
provide
a
efficiency
purifying
selection
against
recessive
deleterious
mutations.
lineages
might
buffer
effects
such
mutations
via
polyploidy
can
purge
mutational
load
role
organelle–nuclear
genome
compatibility
understood.
In
plants
general,
mating
low
because
predominant
hermaphroditism.
Phylogenetic
patterns
archaeplastid
clade
suggest
that
frequencies
sexuality
concomitant
stepwise
increase
intrinsic
extrinsic
stress
factors.
Furthermore,
expansion
size
would
potential
load.
appears
be
essential
keeping
long-term
integrity,
only
rare
combinations
factors
allow
shifts
asexuality.
The Plant Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
121(4)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
SUMMARY
Microspore
embryogenesis
is
a
type
of
in
vitro
totipotency
which
the
immature
male
gametophyte
(pollen)
develops
into
haploid
embryo
after
an
abiotic
stress
treatment.
In
Brassica
napus
,
heat‐stress
treatment
gametophytes
induces
development
different
types
multicellular
embryogenic
structures,
each
with
cellular
characteristics
and
capacity
to
form
differentiated
embryo.
The
origin
early
these
structures
have
not
been
determined.
We
used
two‐photon
excitation
fluorescence
microscopy
time‐lapse
imaging
cells
expressing
either
LEAFY
COTYLEDON1
(
LEC1
)
identity
reporter
or
DR5v2
auxin
response
follow
starting
at
single‐
few‐cell
stage.
show
for
first
time
that
developmental
fate
defined
by
symmetry
division
plane
also
predicts
timing
subsequent
pollen
wall
(exine)
rupture:
suspensorless
embryos
develop
symmetric
undergo
late
exine
rupture,
while
suspensor‐bearing
callus
asymmetric
rupture.
Live
captured
previously
unknown
dynamic
expression
patterns
are
associated
changes
integrity.
This
study
highlights
plasticity
cultured
uncovers
new
roles
cell
defining
maintaining
during
microspore
embryogenesis.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(2), С. 243 - 243
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023
Although
zygotic
embryogenesis
is
usually
studied
in
the
field
of
seed
biology,
great
attention
has
been
paid
to
methods
used
generate
haploid
embryos
due
their
applications
crop
breeding.
These
mainly
include
two
for
embryogenesis:
vitro
microspore
and
vivo
embryogenesis.
culture
systems
maize
induction
were
discovered
1960s,
little
known
about
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
formation.
In
recent
years,
major
breakthroughs
have
made
systems,
several
key
factors,
such
as
matrilineal
(MTL),
baby
boom
(BBM),
domain
unknown
function
679
membrane
protein
(DMP),
egg
cell-specific
(ECS)
that
trigger
embryo
production
both
crops
Arabidopsis
models
identified.
The
discovery
these
inducers
indicates
highly
related
gamete
development,
fertilization,
genome
stability
ealry
embryos.
Here,
based
on
efforts
identify
players
understand
its
mechanisms,
we
summarize
different
paths
embryogenesis,
discuss
generation
potential
haploid-inducing
factors
could
assist
cells
bypassing
fertilization
initiate
or
elimination
zygotes
after
form
embryos,
central
endosperms
a
prerequisite
step
Deciphering
cellular
increasing
efficiency,
establishing
other
are
critical
promoting
application
technology
breeding,
should
be
addressed
further
studies.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(9), С. 1774 - 1774
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023
Anther
culture
is
an
efficient
biotechnological
tool
in
modern
plant
breeding
programs
to
produce
new
varieties
and
parental
lines
hybrid
seed
productions.
However,
some
bottlenecks-low
induction
rate,
genotype
dependency,
albinism-restrict
the
widespread
utilization
of
vitro
anther
rice
breeding,
especially
Oryza
sativa
ssp.
indica
(indica)
genotypes,
while
improved
protocol
can
shorten
process
breeding.
Three
different
media
(N6NDK,
N6NDZ,
Ali-1)
four
regeneration
(mMSNBK1,
MSNBK3,
MSNBKZ1,
MSNBKZ2)
were
tested
with
five
genotypes
increase
efficiency
androgenesis
(number
calli
regenerated
green
plantlets).
The
production
was
more
on
N6NDK
medium
average
88.26
calli/100
anthers
N6NDZ
103.88
as
compared
Ali-1
6.96
anthers.
plantlets
greater
when
produced
(2.15
plantlets/100
anthers)
(1.18
anthers).
Highest
(4.7
achieved
mMSNBK1
used
utilizing
medium.
In
best
overall
treatment
(N6NDK
medium),
plantlets.
influenced
efficiency,
ranged
from
0.4
8.4
ploidy
level
106
acclimatized
characterized
flow
cytometric
analyses
calculate
percentage
spontaneous
chromosome
doubling.
Altogether,
48
haploid-,
55
diploid-,
2
tetraploid-
1
mixoploid
identified
among
regenerant
plantlets,
doubling
51.89%.
Utilization
DH
plants
have
been
integrated
a
routine
method
Hungarian
program.
tetraploid
be
explored
for
their
potential
offer
scopes
research
directions
future.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024
Doubled
haploid
(DH)
line
production
through
in
vivo
maternal
induction
is
widely
adopted
maize
breeding
programs.
The
established
protocol
for
DH
includes
four
steps
namely
induction,
identification,
genome
doubling
of
haploid,
and
self-fertilization
doubled
haploids.
Since
modern
inducers
still
produce
relatively
small
portion
haploids
among
undesirable
hybrid
kernels,
identification
typically
laborious,
costly,
time-consuming,
making
this
step
the
second
foremost
technique.
This
manuscript
reviews
numerous
methods
from
different
approaches
including
innate
differences
diploids,
biomarkers
integrated
inducers,
automated
seed
sorting.
phenotypic
differentiation,
genetic
basis,
advantages,
limitations
each
biomarker
system
are
highlighted.
Several
sorting
research
groups
also
discussed
regarding
platform
or
instrument
used,
time,
accuracy,
limitations,
challenges
before
they
go
commercialization.
past
selection
was
focusing
on
finding
distinguishable
marker
systems
with
key
to
effectiveness.
current
adopting
multiple
reliable
efficiency
while
seeking
possibility
automation.
Fully
high-throughput
would
be
promising
near
future
robustness
retaining
feasible
level
accuracy.
that
can
meet
between
three
major
constraints
(time,
workforce,
budget)
scale
best
option.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(5), С. e0267442 - e0267442
Опубликована: Май 5, 2022
Rice
is
critical
to
global
food
security
which
demands
immediate
attention
meet
the
ever-growing
population.
Development
of
improved
variety
major
focus
area
research,
in
doubled
haploid
(DH)
technology
plays
a
vital
role.
Since,
androgenesis
shows
its
potential
DH
production,
this
method
was
not
capitalized
specially
indica
rice
due
recalcitrant
nature
tissue
culture.
Success
governed
by
many
important
factors
such
as
stage
anther,
pre-treatment
conditions,
accurate
concentrations
media,
and
plant
growth
regulators.
Though
reports
are
abundant
rice,
most
them
either
used
japonica
or
specific
cultivar
ecotypes.
In
study,
media
combination
established
successful
producing
haploids
from
F
1
s
Savitri
x
Pokkali,
IR20
Mahulata
along
with
popular
hybrids
Arize
8433DT,
6453,
Bold,
Swift
Gold.
Out
12
different
combinations
tested,
5
durations
cold-treatments
studied,
N6
2,4-D
(2.0
mg/l)
BAP
(0.5
7
th
day
cold
found
be
effective
all
for
callus
induction.
Among
s,
hybrid,
8433DT
showed
highest
52%
case
green
shoot
regeneration,
MS
NAA
mg/l),
Kn
(1.0
(MS+C4)
efficient
six
treatments
studied
58.25%
regeneration
8433DT.
Further,
MS+C4
proline
(5.0
increased
rate
85.99%.
Besides,
(0.1
50
g/l
sucrose
supporting
root
induction
F1s.
This
study
claims
establishment
genotype
independent
androgenic
protocol
could
improvement.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(14), С. 1866 - 1866
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
Recent
advances
in
next
generation
sequencing
(NGS)
technologies
have
led
the
surge
of
genomic
resources
for
improvement
legume
crops.
Advances
high
throughput
genotyping
(HTG)
and
phenotyping
(HTP)
enable
breeders
to
improve
crops
more
precisely
efficiently.
Now,
breeder
can
reshuffle
natural
gene
combinations
their
choice
enhance
genetic
potential
These
are
efficiently
deployed
through
molecular
breeding
approaches
augmentation
important
crops,
such
as
chickpea,
cowpea,
pigeonpea,
groundnut,
common
bean,
lentil,
pea,
well
other
underutilized
In
future,
NGS,
HTG,
HTP
will
help
identification
assembly
superior
haplotypes
tailor
crop
varieties
haplotype-based
breeding.
This
review
article
focuses
on
recent
development
resource
databases
deployment
programmes
secure
global
food
security.