Epigenetic Mechanisms of Tree Responses to Climatic Changes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(21), С. 13412 - 13412

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022

Forest trees are complex perennial organisms that adapted to the local environment in results of prevailing climate conditions population history. Because they lead a sedentary lifestyle, plants exposed various environmental stimuli, such as changes which can rapid adjustment or failure their defence mechanisms. As forests play key role homeostasis and source many products, it is crucial estimate forest trees' plasticity mechanisms face change. Fast epigenetic basis for surviving fluctuations, however question whether this mechanism will be also efficient if fluctuations increase. Epigenetic modifications enable reactions inducing stimulus by establishing chromatin patterns manipulating gene expression without affecting DNA itself. This work aimed gather information about tree responses changing conditions, order summarise what known so far emphasize significance discussed issue. Applying knowledge future study interactions between change regulation at levels plant development could generate answers questions limitations adaptation environment. We still know very little how organisms, especially trees, cope with we believe overview encourage researchers fill gap knowledge, applied improving defensive capacity ecologically economically important species.

Язык: Английский

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Studying the Genetic and the Epigenetic Diversity of the Endangered Species Juniperus drupacea Labill. towards Safeguarding Its Conservation in Greece

Forests, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(6), С. 1271 - 1271

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

Juniperus drupacea Labill is a unique representative tree which, nowadays, has limited geographical range. In Greece, it exists only in the southeastern part of Peloponnese, and labeled as endangered according to IUCN Europe. light climatic changes, conservation plan which will secure its adaptation resilience important. Knowledge genetic epigenetic diversity J. Greece can establish pledge for sustainability. this study, with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers assessed methylation-sensitive amplification (MSAP) were used eleven subpopulations species. Simultaneously, first assessment between midday water potential (Ψmd) was calculated order determine drought response Results showed that higher than no subpopulation differentiation observed. No significant correlations found geographic, epigenetic, diversity, indicating uncoupled from diversity. A negative correlation Shannon index Ψmd found. The holistic research paves way an effective

Язык: Английский

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Warming appears as the main risk of non-adaptedness for western Mediterranean relict fir forests under expected climate change scenarios

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Circum-Mediterranean firs are considered among the most drought-sensitive species to climate change. Understanding genetic basis of trees’ adaptive capacity and intra-specific variability drought avoidance is mandatory define conservation measures, thus potentially preventing their extinction. We focus here on Abies pinsapo marocana , both relict tree species, endemic from south Spain north Morocco, respectively. A total 607 samples were collected eight nuclei: six Spanish fir two Moroccan fir. genotyping by sequencing technique called double digestion restriction site-associated DNA (ddRAD-seq) was performed obtain a matrix based single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This utilized study structure A. populations carry out selection signature studies. In order understand how cope with change, genotype–environment associations (GEAs) identified. Further, vulnerability these variations estimated risk non-adaptedness (RONA). The filtering de novo assembly provided 3,982 SNPs 504 509 trees sequenced. Principal component analysis (PCA) genetically separated Grazalema rest populations. However, F ST values showed significant differences sampling points. found 51 loci under selection. Homolog sequences for some proteins related abiotic stress response, such as dehydration-responsive element binding transcription factor, regulation abscisic acid signaling, methylation pathway. 15 11 different observed in GEA studies, maximum temperature warmest month being variable highest number associated . sensitivity also supported non-adaptedness, which yielded higher high emission scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5). sheds light response change species.

Язык: Английский

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Climate and Soil Microsite Conditions Determine Local Adaptation in Declining Silver Fir Forests

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(14), С. 2607 - 2607

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023

Ongoing climatic change is threatening the survival of drought-sensitive tree species, such as silver fir (Abies alba). Drought-induced dieback had been previously explored in this conifer, although role played by tree-level genetic diversity and its relationship with growth patterns soil microsite conditions remained elusive. We used double digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to describe different characteristics five forests Spanish Pyrenees, including declining non-declining trees. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigate relationships between genetics, dieback, intraspecific trait variation (functional dendrophenotypic traits leaf traits), local bioclimatic conditions, rhizosphere properties. While there no noticeable differences trees, genome-environment associations selection signatures abundant, suggesting a strong influence climate, physicochemical properties, microbial on adaptation. These results provide novel insights into how genetics diverse environmental factors are interrelated highlight need incorporate data forest studies gain better understanding

Язык: Английский

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Tree-Level Growth Patterns and Genetic Associations Depict Drought Legacies in the Relict Forests of Abies marocana

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4), С. 873 - 873

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023

The frequency and intensity of drought events are increasing worldwide, challenging the adaptive capacity several tree species. Here, we evaluate growth patterns climate sensitivity to precipitation, temperature, in relict Moroccan fir Abies marocana. We selected two study sites, formerly stated as harboring contrasting A. marocana taxa (A. tazaotana, respectively). For each tree, dendrochronological methods were applied quantify climate-growth sensitivity. Further, ddRAD-seq was performed on same trees close saplings obtain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related genotype-phenotype associations. Genetic differentiation between studied remnant populations weak. Growth relationships almost similar at sites studied, supporting a negative effect warming. trends size showed associations with SNPs, although there no phenotypes climatic found significant differences SNPs subjected selection compared old trees, suggesting that might be genetic local adaptation dryness. Our results illustrate potential rings genome-wide analysis improve our understanding drought-sensitive forests cope ongoing change.

Язык: Английский

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Can DNA methylation shape climate response in trees?

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Woody plants create the ecosystems they occupy and shape their biodiversity. Today's rapidly warming climate threatens these long-lived species by creating new environments in which existing populations become maladapted. Plants show enormous phenotypic diversity response to environmental change, can be caused genotype or epigenetic mechanisms that influence expression of underlying DNA sequence. Whether epigenetics affect ecologically important traits trees is an controversial question. We explore evidence methylation gene expression, both directly indirectly via its interaction with transposable elements (TEs), subsequently shapes variation natural tree populations. Furthermore, we consider potential approaches assist conservation management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Genomic insights into climate change-induced forest dieback in Abies alba hotspots of decline

European Journal of Forest Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024

Abstract Understanding adaptive genetic responses to climate change is an issue of utmost importance improve conservation policies and management. This study deeps on it, focusing rear-edge silver fir ( Abies alba ) forests, where decline has been reported linked climatic stressors, such as warming recurrent drought events. Hotspots coldspots forest mortality were defined. Different sets single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely genome-wide adaptive, used their characteristics, aiming identify differences in diversity between vigor classes (declining non-declining trees) age cohorts (adult trees saplings). Global DNA methylation levels assessed investigate a possible role epigenetic processes adaptation stressful environments. Parentage relatedness analysis conducted track the lineage from each site. Our findings indicate that, even though SNPs seem provide more insightful information than set, optimal approach for evolutionary studies combination both. Changes genomic observed classes, revealing existence molecular basis behind ongoing events forests. Besides, trees’ relatives display higher mixture origins coldspots, which could temporary refuge species’ potential. All all, both characteristics should be considered order comprehend how respond stress achieve change.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic and Genetic Variability in Contrasting Latitudinal Fagus sylvatica L. Provenances

Forests, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(12), С. 1971 - 1971

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

The adaptive capacity of a species and its population is determined by both genetic epigenetic variation, which defines the potential for evolution plastic response to environmental changes. In this study, we used Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) Fragment Length (AFLP), similar genome-wide profiling techniques, analyze variability in European beech provenances from Germany (DE), Spain (ES) Sweden (SE), representing latitudinal distribution species. addition, evaluated effect moderate water stress on cytosine methylation dynamics comparing two contrasting provenances. Our analysis revealed that trees ES showed lower values diversity than those DE SE. Analyses molecular variance MSAPs AFLPs 16% 15% among variations were associated with respectively. study seedlings SE no significant levels differentiation between well-watered stressed plants. Only 2% variation was explained watering regime without changes results support DNA may play role local adaptation Fagus sylvatica variation.

Язык: Английский

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Recent global (bio)technological advancements in the service of forest genetic resources protection under climate change

Topola, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 213, С. 17 - 31

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Climate change has been projected to negatively affect genetic resources of the forests worldwide. Thus, integrating biotechnological innovations with traditional forest conservation strategies offers as a promising pathway enhance resilience resources. Biodiversity informatics plays crucial role in managing and analysing data, supporting informed decision-making management conservation. Advancements genomics sequencing technologies, such next-generation (NGS) whole genome (WGS), have revolutionized understanding complex traits trees. These technologies facilitate identification markers, aiding breeding programmes strategies. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR, our study referring CRISPR-Cas9 system) technology development transgenic trees offer new possibilities for improving like growth, stress tolerance, wood quality species, though potential ecological impacts warrant careful evaluation. Epigenetic research provides insights into adaptation mechanisms environmental changes through gene expression phenotypic variation. The synergy between advances practices is vital sustaining ecosystems amidst rapid shifts. Recommendations call fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, enhancing biodiversity infrastructure, engaging stakeholders, prioritizing epigenetic research, developing regulatory frameworks editing. steps are imperative holistic approach conservation, ensuring adaptive capacity safeguarding their against backdrop climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Tree species and drought: Two mysterious long‐standing counterparts

Physiologia Plantarum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 176(6)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

Abstract Around 252 million years ago (Late Permian), Earth experienced one of its most significant drought periods, coinciding with a global climate crisis, resulting in devastating loss forest trees no hope recovery. In the current epoch (Anthropocene), worsening stress is expected to significantly affect communities. Despite extensive efforts, there less research at molecular level on than annual crop species. Would it not be wise allocate equal efforts woody species, regardless their importance providing essential furniture and sustaining terrestrial ecosystems? For instance, poplar genome roughly quadruple size Arabidopsi s has 1.6 times number genes. Thus, massive effort genomic studies focusing become inevitable understand adaptation harsh conditions. Nevertheless, emerging role development high‐throughput DNA sequencing systems, growing body literature about responses under eco‐physiological levels. Therefore, synthesizing these findings through contextualizing history concepts understanding how species adapt water‐limited Comprehensive critical for preserving biodiversity ecosystem function. Integrating insights analysis will enhance management change.

Язык: Английский

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