Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the Centre‐Periphery Hypothesis Through Genomic Phylogeographical Comparisons of Two Sister Species of Liquidambar in East Asia's Tertiary Relict Forests

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Understanding the spatial distribution of genetic variation within species is a central tenet in evolutionary biology and conservation biology. This study explores how historical demographic processes and/or environmental factors interact to affect contemporary adaptive potential, with specific focus on testing ‘centre‐periphery’ hypothesis (CPH). Location Subtropical China. Taxon Liquidambar. Methods We combined comparative phylogeography, landscape genomics niche modelling investigate interplay between history past/current shaping Liquidambar formosana L. acalycina , sister pair East Asia's Tertiary relict forests. Results In both species, core populations occupied highly suitable habitats at highest densities. Consistent CPH, population diversity decreased, differentiation increased, from centre margin but not likely reflecting different histories relative contributions geography, past (LGM) current climates their present‐day variation. addition, showed higher potential future climate change than . Main Conclusions demonstrates that differences adaptability among closely related can be explained by contrasting responses multiple geographic/climatic factors. turn, it should also expand our understanding while informing efforts for these two species.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptive divergence and genetic vulnerability of relict species under climate change: a case study of Pterocarya macroptera

Annals of Botany, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 132(2), С. 241 - 254

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Understanding adaptive genetic variation and whether it can keep pace with predicted future climate change is critical in assessing the vulnerability of species developing conservation management strategies. The lack information on relict carrying abundant resources hinders assessment vulnerability. Using a landscape genomics approach, this study aimed to determine how shapes population divergence predict potential Pterocarya macroptera (a vulnerable China) under scenarios.We applied restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) obtain 8244 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 160 individuals across 28 populations. We examined pattern diversity divergence, then identified outliers by differentiation (FST) genotype-environment association (GEA) methods. further dissected effect geographical/environmental gradients variation. Finally, we risk three lineages within P. macroptera: Qinling-Daba-Tianmu Mountains (QDT), Western Sichuan (WS) Northwest Yunnan (NWY) lineages, which showed significant signals isolation distance (IBD) environment (IBE). IBD IBE explained 3.7-5.7 8.6-12.8 % structure, respectively. GEA SNP-related genes were involved chemical defence gene regulation may exhibit higher adapt environment. Gradient forest analysis revealed that was mainly shaped temperature-related variables, indicating its adaptation local thermal environments. A limited suggested high levels marginal populations.Environmental gradient macroptera. Marginal populations be at extinction, thus proactive measures, such as assisted flow, are required ensure survival these

Язык: Английский

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Assessing uncertainty in genomic offset forecasts from landscape genomic models (and implications for restoration and assisted migration)

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Introduction Ecological genomic models are increasingly used to guide climate-conscious restoration and conservation practices in the light of accelerating environmental change. Genomic offsets that quantify disruption existing genotype–environment associations under change a promising model-based tool inform such measures. With recent advances, potential applications offset predictions include but not restricted to: (1) assessing situ climate risks, (2) mapping future habitat suitability while accounting for local adaptations, or (3) selecting donor populations recipient areas maximize diversity minimize maladaptation environments assisted migration planning. As any approach, it is crucial understand how arbitrary decisions made during modeling process affect induce uncertainty. Methods Here, we present sensitivity analysis various components influence forecasts offset-based metrics, using red spruce ( Picea rubens ), cool-temperate tree species endemic eastern North America, as case study. We assess effects marker set, climatic predictor scenario, “not-to-exceed” threshold evaluate uncertainty varies across space. Results Climate scenario induced by far largest our forecasts; however, choice set was also important regions Southern Central Appalachians high relevance efforts. While much effort often expended identifying candidate loci, found minor importance. The maximum limit transfers between locations programs has mostly affected magnitude rather than geographic variation predictions. Discussion Overall, model suggest risks entire distributional range strongly underscore help ameliorate these risks. In regard, well along US Canadian east coast seem best candidates both relocation.

Язык: Английский

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Plant conservation in the age of genome editing: opportunities and challenges

Genome biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2024

Abstract Numerous plant taxa are threatened by habitat destruction or overexploitation. To overcome these threats, new methods urgently needed for rescuing and endangered species. Here, we review the genetic consequences of threats to species populations. We highlight potential advantages genome editing mitigating negative effects caused pathogens pests climate change where other approaches have failed. propose solutions protect plants using technology unless absolutely necessary. further discuss challenges associated with in conservation mitigate decline diversity.

Язык: Английский

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In situ diversification and adaptive introgression in Taiwanese Scutellaria

Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Abstract Island habitats provide unique opportunities to study speciation. Recent work indicates that both ex situ origination and in speciation contribute island species diversity. However, clear evidence of local adaptation endemic plant on islands requires in‐depth studies, which are scarce. This underscores the importance maintaining boundaries by examining how adaptive introgression, hybridization, genetic variation species. Multilocus genome scanning 51 nuclear genes was used investigate evolutionary relationships Scutellaria complex Taiwan assess role diversification generating high endemism Interspecies introgressions were detected phylogenetic networks ABBA‐BABA‐based analysis, suggesting ongoing or recent processes. Coalescent‐based simulation identified hybrid taiwanensis hsiehii , with hybridization between more than two parental Genotype‐environment association studies revealed influence climate, particularly precipitation‐ temperature‐related factors, contributed divergence Additionally, introgression related environmental pressures may have facilitated colonization new identified. research illustrates shaped histories this island‐endemic sheds light multifaceted mechanisms semi‐isolated islands.

Язык: Английский

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Tree population genomics

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 325 - 356

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Climate‐Associated Genetic Variation and Projected Genetic Offsets for Cryptomeria japonica D. Don Under Future Climate Scenarios

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Revealing the spatial distribution of adaptive genetic variation is both a challenging and crucial task in evolutionary ecology, essential for understanding local adaptation within species, management, predicting species responses to future climate change. This particularly important long-lived tree which may not be able migrate quickly enough adapt rapid changes need rely on their standing variation. In this study, we focused Cryptomeria japonica, major component Japan's temperate forests an forestry adapted humid environment monsoon Asia. We extracted climate-associated from entire genome evaluated its vulnerability under scenarios using modeling techniques. analyzed 31,676 high-quality SNPs 249 individuals across 22 natural populations C. covering range. identified 239 candidate found winter temperature, summer precipitation, precipitation as most significant factors explaining these SNPs. The deviated non-associated (neutral) opposite (the Sea Japan Pacific Ocean) sides Japanese archipelago, suggesting selection different conditions regions. Difference estimated allele frequency at loci (genetic offset) between present (2090 SSP5-8.5 scenario) was predicted larger three areas (not only southwestern but also coastal area side inland Ocean northeastern Japan). prediction implies discrepancy that areas, underscores necessity proactive management adjust

Язык: Английский

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Genomic signatures of local adaptation to precipitation and solar radiation in kiwifruit

Plant Diversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Wet Season Environments Drive Local Adaptation in the Timber Tree Dicorynia guianensis in French Guiana

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

ABSTRACT The vast tropical rainforests of the Guiana Shield in Northern South America play a vital role maintaining region's ecological balance and economy. Increasing pressure from selective logging, gold mining climate variability threatens these ecosystems. Sustainable rainforest management requires understanding genetic diversity local adaptation key tree species to inform conservation. This study focuses on Dicorynia guianensis (Fabaceae), widespread economically important French Guiana. We performed genome resequencing 87 individuals sampled 11 sites across investigate structure, basis adaptation. Genetic structure analysis identified three distinct groups: western, central eastern, with similar levels distributed areas different environmental conditions. Six methods applied detect genomic signatures selection revealed region‐specific sweeps weak overlap between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) through outlier or genome‐environment association analyses. strongest associations variables constitution were observed for potential evapotranspiration wettest quarter precipitation coldest quarter, suggesting that related high rainfall during wet season are stronger drivers D. populations than drought. Sites located western had higher risks climatic maladaptation. These findings advance our vulnerability trees emphasise need targeted, area‐specific strategies conservation sustainable timber extraction under change.

Язык: Английский

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