Translating genomic advances into biodiversity conservation

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(5), С. 362 - 373

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Chestnut Burrs as Natural Source of Antimicrobial Bioactive Compounds: A Valorization of Agri-Food Waste

Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(15), С. 6552 - 6552

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

Currently, one-third of global food production, accounting for 1.3 billions tons, goes wasted due to major humanitarian and environmental challenges. In such a scenario, the circular bioeconomy model stands as an innovative solution by promoting sustainable utilizing agri-food waste, converting non-renewable products into valuable resources. Here, concept was applied on previously obtained chestnut burr extract (agri-food waste) composed gallic acid, quinic protocatechuic brevifolin carboxylic ellagic acid evaluate its antimicrobial activity against four bacterial opportunistic pathogens (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). Our results evidenced modest but measurable antibacterial Enterococcus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 64 μg/mL. silico studies allowed identifying potential molecular target, supporting underlying active principle providing useful findings regarding their interaction. this study, we show robust comprehensive in vitro pipeline aimed at identification novel scaffolds taking advantage waste.

Язык: Английский

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A silvicultural synthesis of sweet (Castanea sativa) and American (C. dentata) chestnuts

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 539, С. 121041 - 121041

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Warming Scenarios and Phytophthora cinnamomi Infection in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 556 - 556

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

The main threats to chestnut in Europe are climate change and emerging pathogens. Although many works have separately addressed the impacts on of elevated temperatures Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands (Pc) infection, none studied their combined effect. objectives this work were describe physiology, secondary metabolism survival 6-month-old C. sativa seedlings after plants exposed ambient temperature, high temperature heat wave events, subsequent infection by Pc. Ten days warming scenarios, biochemistry plant leaves roots was quantified recovery effect assessed. Plant growth root biomass under significantly higher than event. Seven metabolite compounds three altered with temperature. Phenolic typically decreased response increased whereas ellagic acid more abundant subjected waves. At recovery, leaf procyanidin catechin remained downregulated Mortality Pc fastest highest lowest Changes profile dependent scenarios to, five showing a significant 'warming scenario' × 'Pc' interaction. group trees that best survived characterised quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, 3-feruloylquinic acid, gallic ethyl ester acid. To our knowledge, is first study addressing effects global chestnut.

Язык: Английский

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Trunk Injection Delivery of Biocontrol Strains of Trichoderma spp. Effectively Suppresses Nut Rot by Gnomoniopsis castaneae in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 143 - 143

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Gnomoniopsis castaneae is responsible for brown or chalky nut rot in sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), causing heavy reductions production. Controlling it challenging, due to its inconspicuous infections, erratic colonization of host tissues and endophytic lifestyle. Fungicides are not applicable because they prohibited forests strongly discouraged fruit groves. Trichoderma species safe wide-spectrum biocontrol agents (BCAs), with a variety beneficial effects plant protection. This study tested selected strains T. viride, harzianum atroviride their ability suppress G. castaneae. Field experiments were conducted four groves (two test plots plus two controls) at sites different microclimate. As the size trees major drawback uniform effective treatments, delivered directly by trunk injection, using BITE® (Blade Infusion TrEes) endotherapic tool. The BCA application, repeated twice subsequent years, significantly reduced incidence, more marked, presumably cumulative, effect second year. Our data showed retain great potential biological control exploitation spp. as biopesticides novelty forestry sector proves benefits these microbes disease

Язык: Английский

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Current Biological Insights of Castanea sativa Mill. to Improve Crop Sustainability to Climate Change

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 335 - 335

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

The sustainability of agriculture is seriously threatened by climate change. In Europe, chestnut ecosystems, which are growing mainly in Mediterranean climate, facing during summertime increasing heat and drought stresses. These induce fragilities on trees, leading to a reduction productivity predisposing them pest disease attacks. plasticity species under contrasting known. Understanding the specific adaptation cultivars different features now important anticipating changes. Caucasian Region considered origin center (Castanea sativa), characterized climatic transition from Euro-Siberian area. Mostly, areas concentrated countries around Basin, thriving regions with humid Pré-Atlantic bioclimates. Portugal, more than 95% area located Center North side Portugal. This an anisohydry species, good hydroplasticity: 90% A occurs when Ψwstem drops −1.25 MPa, 50% at values −1.7 MPa. highest fatty acid contents chloroplasts a-linolenic (18:3), ranging between 40 total amount being unsaturated/saturated 2.27 for Longal. New strategies investigated order increase tolerance against those abiotic factors species. They include use innovative irrigation techniques, can production 22–37%. Fertilization silicone (Si) has been promote plants Breeding programs, mostly (in Europe) ink disease, have performed since middle XX century create new genotypes (such Portuguese ColUTAD®). ClimCast, network orchards, was created Portugal aim responding challenges orchards context

Язык: Английский

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Impact of climate change over distribution and potential range of chestnut in the Iberian Peninsula

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Introduction The European chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.) is a historically and ecologically important tree in the Iberian Peninsula. species now faces challenges related to abandonment of traditional management practices, climate change, although potential impact later on range remains unexplored. Methods We assessed variations under different change scenarios Peninsula, by studying current projected habitat suitability across distinct biogeographical regions (Atlantic Mediterranean) Regions Provenance (RoPs). Environmental static (topography soil parameters) dynamic (bioclimatic variables) factors were used build Species Distribution Models (SDMs). Future projections based an ensemble five global circulation models (GCMs) for two included CMIP6. SDMs constructed using Random Forest algorithm. Results Discussion Our model achieved accuracy 86.82%, with high sensitivity (89.91%) specificity (83.73%). Favourable habitats linked wetter regions, associated annual seasonal precipitations, coldest quarter temperature, pH mean temperature. Optimal conditions trees include precipitation exceeding 800 mm/year temperature ranging from 10-15°C. suggest loss slight changes net primary productivity. exhibit varying levels resilience, Mediterranean being particularly vulnerable. highlight need develop mitigation strategies facilitate resilience face threats change.

Язык: Английский

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Isolation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D39 and Identification of Its Antimicrobial Proteins Active Against Chestnut Blight

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(6), С. 1302 - 1302

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2025

Chestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) M.E. Bar, is a destructive fungal disease threatening chestnut cultivation and production. In response to the limitations of chemical control, biological control using antagonistic microbes has gained increasing attention. A rhizosphere-derived bacterium, strain D39, was isolated from healthy trees identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on morphological characteristics phylogenetic analysis 16S rRNA gyrA genes. The antifungal activity D39 against C. evaluated dual-culture double-layer Oxford cup assays. exhibited broad-spectrum stable effects harbored five key genes associated with antimicrobial compound biosynthesis (srfAA, ituC, fenD, bmyB, bacA), confirmed PCR. 145 kDa extracellular protein strong extracted purified ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE ion-exchange chromatography, Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. LC-MS serine peptidase belonging S8 family, its structure predicted multiple bioinformatic tools. pot experiments, treatment significantly reduced severity, achieving efficiencies 66.07% 70.89% at 10 20 days post-inoculation, respectively. These results demonstrate that B. potential biocontrol agent offering an effective environmentally friendly alternative for management.

Язык: Английский

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Castanea crenata Ginkbilobin-2-like Recombinant Protein Reveals Potential as an Antimicrobial against Phytophthora cinnamomi, the Causal Agent of Ink Disease in European Chestnut

Forests, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(4), С. 785 - 785

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

The European chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.) is widely cultivated throughout the world’s temperate regions. In Mediterranean region, it has a significant economic role mainly because of high quality its edible nuts. Oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi one most severe pathogens affecting chestnuts, causing ink disease and losses in production. Ginkgobilobin-2 (Gnk2) Ginkgo biloba secreted protein with plant-specific cysteine-rich motif that functions as lectin, carbohydrate-binding properties are closely related to antifungal activity. binding lectins mannose residues cell wall species may disturb disrup structure. This work determined amino acid sequence signal peptide directs final apoplast. Cast_Gnk2-like expression was performed optimized, different vitro antagonism tests were done against P. using purified concentrations. As result these assays, significantly reduced mycelia growth liquid medium shown by weight (g) control treatments 377% higher than treatments. These insights reveal potential for agricultural uses biotechnological developments pathosystem chestnut/P. cinnamomi.

Язык: Английский

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Conserving a threatened North American walnut: a chromosome-scale reference genome for butternut (Juglans cinerea)

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(2)

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023

Abstract With the advent of affordable and more accurate third-generation sequencing technologies, associated bioinformatic tools, it is now possible to sequence, assemble, annotate species conservation concern than ever before. Juglans cinerea, commonly known as butternut or white walnut, a member walnut family, native Eastern United States Southeastern Canada. The currently listed Endangered on IUCN Red List due decline from an invasive fungus Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum (Oc-j) that causes canker. Oc-j creates visible sores trunks tree which essentially starves slowly kills tree. Natural resistance this pathogen rare. Conserving utmost priority its critical ecosystem role cultural significance. As part integrated undergraduate graduate student training program in biodiversity genomics, first reference genome for cinerea described here. This chromosome-scale 539 Mb assembly was generated over 100 × coverage Oxford Nanopore long reads scaffolded with mandshurica genome. Scaffolding closely related oriented ordered sequences manner representative structure without altering sequence. Comparisons sequenced Juglandaceae revealed high levels synteny further supported J. cinerea's recent phylogenetic placement. Comparative assessment gene family evolution significant number contracting families, including several biotic stress response.

Язык: Английский

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