Residue recycling options and their implications for sustainable nitrogen management in rice–wheat agroecosystems

Ecological Processes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023

Abstract Background In the Indo-Gangetic Plain, rice–wheat is most extensively practiced crop rotation. The escalating issue of residue burning, particularly rice straw, and necessity to lower exorbitant expenses associated with fertilizer inputs stand out as significant challenges for farmers in region. A well-suited integrated nutrient management (INM) strategy that focuses on recycling residues can serve a solution address these issues. Such not only mitigates air pollution resulting from burning but also helps combat water due nitrate losses agroecosystems. Field experiments were used evaluate suitability eight INM-modules included various combinations inorganic rates (50%, 100%, 150% recommended dose), (wheat stubble retention at 30 cm standing equivalent 1/3 straw yield), compost (RSC), farmyard manure (FYM), green manuring (GM), compared 100% dose fertilizers (F) no application. Results There was considerable improvement nitrogen mineralization, grain yields, use efficiency under GM + RSC-F50 FYM-F50. These INM modules would permit 50% reduction chemical fertilizers. little yield penalty situ incorporation F; however, this could be overcome F wheat full application resulted steadily rising yields over time. Changes redox potential, soil pH, organic carbon best accounted observed trajectories efficiency. Conclusion promising adoption by Plain judiciously curtail are Sesbania aculeata 5 t ha −1 (GM RSC-F50), FYM-F50). Sole without augmentation other sources might help use. Composting which otherwise widely burnt, proved useful source vital component INM. Waste composting community scale its achieve sustainable agroecosystems Plain.

Язык: Английский

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Five years nitrogen reduction management shifted soil bacterial community structure and function in high-yielding ‘super’ rice cultivation

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 360, С. 108773 - 108773

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2023

Integrated nitrogen (N) management has been adopted for the cultivation of 'super' rice to achieve high yield while minimizing environmental risks. How soil microbial communities respond integrated N in production remains unclear. Five years field experiment was conducted under a wheat–rice system, with four treatments: conventional farming practices (300 kg ha–1 N), reduced (270 ha–1) and increase (360 application coupled increased planting density accurate irrigation, non-N control. The results showed that after five treatment, predominant bacterial phyla shifted from Proteobacteria (22.99%), Acidobacteria (17.04%), Chloroflexi (14.43%), (30.83%), (20.9%), Actinobacteria (16.07%). structure community differed among treatments, available phosphorus contents pH as key drivers first year NO3--N content fifth year. highest detected treatment application, whereas reduction led 32% decrease NO3–-N content. A greater difference functional groups than Following there also an proportion N-transforming groups, including those involved aerobic ammonia oxidation, nitrate denitrification, nitrite denitrification. Collectively, fertilizer irrigation most effective regulating communities, especially associated transformation cultivation.

Язык: Английский

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Partial replacement of inorganic fertilizer with organic inputs for enhanced nitrogen use efficiency, grain yield, and decreased nitrogen losses under rice-based systems of mid-latitudes

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Effects of increased ozone on rice panicle morphology

iScience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(4), С. 106471 - 106471

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Ground-level ozone threatens rice production, which provides staple food for more than half of the world's population. Improving adaptability crops to pollution is essential ending global hunger. Rice panicles not only affect grain yield and quality but also plants environmental changes, effects on are well understood. Through an open top chamber experiment, we investigated long-term short-term traits panicles, finding that both significantly reduced number panicle branches spikelets in rice, especially fertility hybrid cultivar. The reduction spikelet quantity because exposure caused by changes secondary attached spikelet. These results suggest potential effective adaptation altering breeding targets developing growth stage-specific agricultural techniques.

Язык: Английский

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Increasing the Efficiency of the Rice–Wheat Cropping System through Integrated Nutrient Management

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(17), С. 12694 - 12694

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

The advancement of effective nutrient management strategies has been instrumental in enhancing crop productivity and economic viability. Thus, we investigated the effect green manure organic amendments at varying nitrogen levels rice their residual on wheat crops. A two-year research study (2018–2019 2019–2020) was conducted two distinct locations: Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana a Research Station Dyal Bharang, Amritsar. experimental design employed split-plot design. main plot treatments consisted four (green manuring, farmyard manure, poultry no amendment (control)) subplot (No N control, 50 kg ha−1, 75 100 ha−1), replicated times crop, its studied wheat. found that applying different significantly increased rice–wheat productivity, growth, yield qualities, uptake, efficiency (p < 0.05). Poultry grain more than other modifications. It by 67.3% 61.4% over control both years research. (41.9 kg, 60.0%) AE (kg kg−1 uptake) ANR (%) compared to due higher total (177.4 P (31.6 K (179.6 ha−1). Grain production positively correlated with (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) intake (r = 0.992**, 0.931**, 0.984**, respectively). Total uptake 0.963** 0.991**, improved soil health increasing microbial count alkaline phosphatase activity. In subsequent grown yielded 24.3 24.4 percent rabi 2018–2019 2019–2020. findings suggest ha−1 or afforded equivalent yields. This shows even less may be enough boost

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic Effects of N Fertilization and Irrigation on Soil Bacterial Community in Super Rice Paddies

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(12), С. 2856 - 2856

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2023

Nitrogen reduction, in association with increased planting density and irrigation management, has been widely adopted super rice cultivation systems to pursue higher yield lower input. Here, soil microbial community structures under accurate N water management were investigated after four years of experiments. Plot experiments conducted three treatments, including conventional farming practice (CF), reduced nitrogen plant (RNID), precise (RNIDPI). The results showed that RNID treatment bacterial diversity, enriched biomarker taxa, altered structure, pH as the influential factor. phylum Chloroflexi was while a ratio Firmicutes present CF treatments. witnessed low proportion functional groups involved nitrification nitrate reduction. fertilizer reduction (up 22%) without changing major fertility properties except for decreased ammonium N. suggest irrigation, is beneficial production.

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable hydrogen through decomposition of ammonia and its derivatives by thermochemical processes: a review

International Agrophysics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 325 - 344

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

1. Ajiwibowo, M.W., Darmawan, A., Aziz, M., 2019. A conceptual chemical looping combustion power system design in a power-to-gas energy storage scenario. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 44, 9636–9642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhy.... CrossRef Google Scholar

Язык: Английский

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Soil greenhouse gas emissions under enhanced efficiency and urea nitrogen fertilizer from Australian irrigated aerobic rice production

Agrosystems Geosciences & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(4)

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024

Abstract Aerobic rice production offers a promising solution to improve water use efficiency and reduce methane (CH 4 ) emissions by minimizing inundation. However, alternate water‐saving methods for cultivation can lead “trade‐off” of nitrous oxide (N 2 O). A field experiment was conducted over one season measuring soil‐derived greenhouse gas in irrigated aerobic ( Oryza sativa L.) under different N fertilizer management at rate 220 kg ha −1 , including nil treatment (“control”); slow release (180 days) polymer‐coated urea (“N180”); banded applied upfront (“urea”); three applications broadcast (“urea‐split”). The N180 reduced soil O compared with p < 0.001), mean cumulative 4.36 ± 1.07 27.9 5.70 respectively. Soil fluxes were high, reaching up 1916 2900 µg m h after application irrigation/rain events, similar other crops grown on heavy textured soils. Fertilizer had no effect CH emissions, which negligible across all treatments ranging from 1.28 2.75 C the growing season. Cumulative carbon dioxide ranged 1936 3071 greatest N180. This case study provides first evidence Australia that enhanced nitrogen substantially soils an system. Our findings reinforce mitigation potential saving approaches demonstrate need consider control emissions.

Язык: Английский

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Growth and Physiological Study of Gamma-Induced M4 Black Rice in Stress Condition

International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(5), С. 1799 - 1799

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2023

Increased rice productivity can be achieved by producing high-yielding black seeds. One of the productions superior seeds is mutation induction using gamma-ray irradiation. Black has a useful content and will produced when plant grows in drought stress. This research aims to study growth physiological characteristics induced gamma rays 100 gray 200 gray, as well know effect stress on proline content, obtain The design was researched form an experiment field without repeat sample. planted screen house Jati Village, Karanganyar. treatment used 24 genotypes, namely, 10 genotypes irradiation 2 control control. Physiological observation variables were height, dry weight, root leaf temperature. results height with ray resulted shorter postures. Leaf temperature plants treated had higher values than plants. M4-By-C M4-Bt-C lines are prospective released new varieties because these have short stature high content.

Язык: Английский

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Short-term effects of brassica cover crops on soil quality indicators in organic production in high tunnels

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(6), С. 115 - 132

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

The use of cover crops is aimed at sustaining soil health and productivity in the context agricultural intensification accompanying degradation. While have been extensively studied field production systems, limited research has conducted concerning their application high-tunnel vegetable production. This study to assess effects turnip (Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica (L.) Jafri) swede Brassica rapa Rapifera Metzg) (CCs) on physicochemical biological properties an organic high tunnel system southern Poland 2017–2019. planting sequence was as follows: winter crops/pumpkin/romaine lettuce/broad bean/chilli pepper. Soil analyses included measurements bulk density, water capacity, aggregation, carbon (SOC), available nutrients, well microbial abundance diversity. Rape produced a higher aboveground dry biomass (4.11 t ha−1) than (2.85 ha−1), N content 101 kg ha−1 75 ha−1, respectively. results presented that CC residue significantly contributed stock, retention plant-available nitrogen, improvement physical properties, especially wet aggregate stability. Soils with highest SOC concentrations were associated bacterial fungal abundance. most significant number mesophilic bacteria detected where grown crop (7.6 × 107 cfu g−1 DM soil). Moreover, tested nitrogen cycle found soils after cultivation compared control soils, particularly reducing NH4 +-N NO₃⁻-N. These findings highlight importance management practices tunnels, they influence composition total community N-cycling guilds.

Язык: Английский

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