Abstract.
Soil
structure
is
sensitive
to
intensive
soil
management.
It
can
be
ameliorated
by
a
reduction
in
cultivation
and
stimulation
of
plant
microbial
mediators
for
aggregate
formation,
latter
prerequisite
measure
quality.
Cover
crops
(CC)
are
part
an
integrated
approach
stabilize
or
improve
Thereby,
the
incorporation
diverse
CC
mixtures
hypothesized
increase
positive
effects
applications.
This
study
entailed
investigation
legacy
effect
on
aggregates
after
three
crop
rotations
second
main
(winter
wheat)
last
treatment.
Four
CCs
(mustard,
phacelia,
clover,
oat)
cultivated
pure
stands
fallow
treatment
were
compared
mixture
four
species
(Mix4)
highly
12
(Mix12)
long-term
field
experiment
Germany.
The
organic
carbon
(OC)
distribution
within
macroaggregate
fractions
(16–8,
8–4,
4–2,
2–1
<
1
mm)
their
stability
measured
dry
wet
sieving
methods,
mean
weight
diameter
(MWD)
was
calculated
from
water-stable
aggregates.
results
showed
that
fallow,
all
increased
MWD
between
10
19
%
under
following
crop.
average
over
slightly
higher
(16
%)
than
single
(12
%).
Higher
improvement
at
20–30
cm
depth
also
indicates
additional
benefits
depth.
Structural
equation
modelling
(SEM)
suggests
more
likely
OC
storage
small
macroaggregates
mm,
while
largest
fraction
(8–16
mm).
Different
individual
exhibited
varying
involvement
formation
different
fractions.
We
provide
evidence
litter
quality,
root
morphology
rhizosphere
input,
which
affect
might
reasons
observed
differences
treatments.
valuable
multifunctional
tools
sustainable
Here,
we
they
contribute
amelioration
arable
soils.
Increasing
functional
diversity
could
strategy
further
enhance
agroecosystems.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 25, 2024
Abstract
The
rhizosphere,
where
plant
roots
meet
soil,
is
a
hub
of
biogeochemical
activity
with
ecosystem
impacts
on
carbon
stocks.
Root
derived
has
been
found
to
contribute
more
soil
stocks
than
aboveground
litter.
Nonetheless,
the
molecular
chemodiversity
root
exudates
remains
poorly
understood
due
limited
characterization
and
annotation.
Here
our
goal
was
discover
metabolites
lipids
in
advance
understanding
inputs
belowground.
We
worked
mature,
field-grown
tall
wheatgrass
(
Thinopyrum
ponticum
)
optimized
exudate
collection
protocols
enable
capture
non-polar
addition
polar
semi-polar
metabolites.
Rates
input
via
hydrophobic
were
approximately
double
that
aqueous
carbon/nitrogen
ratios
markedly
higher
compared
exudates,
emphasizing
importance
lipids,
their
high
content.
To
maximize
coverage
chemodiversity,
we
used
liquid
chromatography
coupled
tandem
mass-spectrometry
for
paired
untargeted
metabolomics
lipidomics
or
‘metabo-lipidomics’.
substantially
increased
by
employing
both
mass
spectral
library
searching
deep
learning-based
chemical
class
assignment.
Notably,
this
unprecedented
intact
discovered
diverse
variety
including
substantial
levels
triacylglycerols
(∼19
μg/g
fresh
per
min),
fatty
acyls,
sphingolipids,
sterol
glycerophospholipids.
Comparison
tissue
lipidomes
revealed
minimum
glycerophospholipids
suggesting
protocol
did
not
extract
from
cell
membranes.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024
AbstractBackground
and
Aims
Enhancing
selenium
(Se)
accumulation
in
crops
is
an
important
way
to
overcome
human
Se
deficiency.
However,
increasing
the
content
soil
can
produce
toxic
effects
crops.
This
study
aimed
clarify
role
of
exogenous
foliar
JA
on
alleviating
toxicity
pak
choi
exposed
high
levels
Se-Toxicity
Soil.
Methods
Here,
subject
a
model
crop,
(Brassica
chinensis
L.)
stress
evaluate
physiological
response,
variation
root
exudates
plants
treated
with
compared
those
untreated
under
stress.
Results
We
found
that
severely
inhibits
growth
biomass
by
reducing
their
photosynthetic
capacity
photosystem
II
inducing
heavy
lipid
peroxidation.
When
we
sprayed
JA,
lower
peroxidation,
but
enhanced
photochemical
reactions
PSII,
catalase
activity,
shoot
biomass,
as
well
higher
shoots.
53
metabolic
compounds
were
altered
application
group
(21
upgraded
32
downgraded).
Of
those,
induced
increased
secondary
metabolites
secretions,
including
organoheterocyclic
compounds,
lipids
lipid-like
molecules,
organic
acids
derivatives,
benzenoids,
which
may
be
crucial
for
defense
against
accumulation.
Conclusions
provides
us
novel
insights
understand
potential
enhance
tolerance
choi,
its
underlying
mechanisms.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
inhabitants
of
the
village
Mampa
have
developed
a
rich
corpus
knowledge
and
practices
for
treating
pathologies
using
plants
that
are
worthy
preservation,
perpetuation,
promotion.
They
draw
on
region's
biodiversity,
particularly
in
Miombo
clear
forest.
However,
to
date,
no
documentation
their
ethnomedicinal
exists.
Methods
This
descriptive
cross-sectional
study
was
conducted
between
November
2022
October
2023.
It
employed
direct,
face-to-face
interview
with
population
guide
questionnaire.
Results
A
total
400
respondents
were
included
(sex
ratio
M/F
=
0.9;
mean
age:
48.0
±
4.0
years;
experience:
14.5
2.0
years),
majority
(93.8%)
reported
they
learned
about
from
families.
These
individuals
mainly
use
as
first-line
treatment
(100%)
provided
information
38
taxa.
most
commonly
cited
species
Anisophyllea
pomifera
Brachystesia
boehmii
46
citations,
while
used
taxon
Landolphia
kirkii
six
recorded
uses.
is
first
report
Entandrophragma
delevoyi
Pterocarpus
brenanii
medicinal
plants.
Most
these
taxa
trees,
comprising
29
23
genera
belonging
24
families,
notable
prevalence
Fabaceae
(10
taxa).
81
indicated
treatment,
predominance
gastrointestinal
disorders
(8
recipes,
7
taxa,
152
citations).
root
organ,
21
recipes
14
decoction
common
preparation
method,
41
19
Conclusions
study's
findings
indicate
significant
number
traditional
medicine
treat
various
diseases.
Some
endemic
biodiversity
area,
others
shared
other
cultures
regions.
series
pharmacological
studies
currently
underway
validate
some
plant
indications.
Introduction
Cover
crop
services
depend
on
biomass
production
and
species
composition
of
the
cover
stand.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
interactions
in
shoot
dual
mixtures
their
competitiveness
to
suppress
weeds
before
winter
under
different
growing
conditions.
Methods
A
field
experiment
was
performed
sandy
loam
soil
Triesdorf,
Germany,
for
two
consecutive
years.
The
white
mustard
(
Sinapis
alba
L.),
oil
radish
Raphanus
sativus
var.
oleiformis
phacelia
Phacelia
tanacetifolia
J.),
Egyptian
clover
Trifolium
alexandrinum
common
vetch
Vicia
sativa
pea
Pisum
sativum
bean
faba
L.)
were
grown
pure
stands
or
mixtures.
crops
sown
August,
harvested
at
end
vegetation
period.
dried,
share
each
test
weed
Brassica
napus
determined.
Results
a
dual-species
closely
related
its
both
years,
showed
similar
when
with
second
species.
Regarding
against
weeds,
cruciferous
outperformed
other
could
even
if
they
mixed
less
competitive
partner.
Weed
suppression
depended
component
mixture
more
effective
dry
season.
Legume
species,
especially
not
Discussion
Our
results
show
that
high
potential
as
single
retain
ability
mixtures,
regardless
completes
mixture.
Abstract.
Soil
structure
is
sensitive
to
intensive
soil
management.
It
can
be
ameliorated
by
a
reduction
in
cultivation
and
stimulation
of
plant
microbial
mediators
for
aggregate
formation,
latter
prerequisite
measure
quality.
Cover
crops
(CC)
are
part
an
integrated
approach
stabilize
or
improve
Thereby,
the
incorporation
diverse
CC
mixtures
hypothesized
increase
positive
effects
applications.
This
study
entailed
investigation
legacy
effect
on
aggregates
after
three
crop
rotations
second
main
(winter
wheat)
last
treatment.
Four
CCs
(mustard,
phacelia,
clover,
oat)
cultivated
pure
stands
fallow
treatment
were
compared
mixture
four
species
(Mix4)
highly
12
(Mix12)
long-term
field
experiment
Germany.
The
organic
carbon
(OC)
distribution
within
macroaggregate
fractions
(16–8,
8–4,
4–2,
2–1
<
1
mm)
their
stability
measured
dry
wet
sieving
methods,
mean
weight
diameter
(MWD)
was
calculated
from
water-stable
aggregates.
results
showed
that
fallow,
all
increased
MWD
between
10
19
%
under
following
crop.
average
over
slightly
higher
(16
%)
than
single
(12
%).
Higher
improvement
at
20–30
cm
depth
also
indicates
additional
benefits
depth.
Structural
equation
modelling
(SEM)
suggests
more
likely
OC
storage
small
macroaggregates
mm,
while
largest
fraction
(8–16
mm).
Different
individual
exhibited
varying
involvement
formation
different
fractions.
We
provide
evidence
litter
quality,
root
morphology
rhizosphere
input,
which
affect
might
reasons
observed
differences
treatments.
valuable
multifunctional
tools
sustainable
Here,
we
they
contribute
amelioration
arable
soils.
Increasing
functional
diversity
could
strategy
further
enhance
agroecosystems.
Abstract.
Soil
structure
is
sensitive
to
intensive
soil
management.
It
can
be
ameliorated
by
a
reduction
in
cultivation
and
stimulation
of
plant
microbial
mediators
for
aggregate
formation,
latter
prerequisite
measure
quality.
Cover
crops
(CC)
are
part
an
integrated
approach
stabilize
or
improve
Thereby,
the
incorporation
diverse
CC
mixtures
hypothesized
increase
positive
effects
applications.
This
study
entailed
investigation
legacy
effect
on
aggregates
after
three
crop
rotations
second
main
(winter
wheat)
last
treatment.
Four
CCs
(mustard,
phacelia,
clover,
oat)
cultivated
pure
stands
fallow
treatment
were
compared
mixture
four
species
(Mix4)
highly
12
(Mix12)
long-term
field
experiment
Germany.
The
organic
carbon
(OC)
distribution
within
macroaggregate
fractions
(16–8,
8–4,
4–2,
2–1
<
1
mm)
their
stability
measured
dry
wet
sieving
methods,
mean
weight
diameter
(MWD)
was
calculated
from
water-stable
aggregates.
results
showed
that
fallow,
all
increased
MWD
between
10
19
%
under
following
crop.
average
over
slightly
higher
(16
%)
than
single
(12
%).
Higher
improvement
at
20–30
cm
depth
also
indicates
additional
benefits
depth.
Structural
equation
modelling
(SEM)
suggests
more
likely
OC
storage
small
macroaggregates
mm,
while
largest
fraction
(8–16
mm).
Different
individual
exhibited
varying
involvement
formation
different
fractions.
We
provide
evidence
litter
quality,
root
morphology
rhizosphere
input,
which
affect
might
reasons
observed
differences
treatments.
valuable
multifunctional
tools
sustainable
Here,
we
they
contribute
amelioration
arable
soils.
Increasing
functional
diversity
could
strategy
further
enhance
agroecosystems.
