Exogenous 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Low-Temperature Tolerance of Maize Seedlings by Influencing Sugar Signaling and Metabolism

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 585 - 585

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Low-temperature (LT) stress seriously affects the distribution, seedling survival, and grain yield of maize. At emergence stage, maize’s coleoptile is one most sensitive organs in sensing LT signaling and, general, it can envelop young leaves to protect them from damage. In addition, brassinolides (BRs) have been shown enhance tolerance various species, but effects BRs on coleoptiles maize seedlings under are unclear. Therefore, this study, pre-cultured Zheng58 were treated with or without 2.0 μM 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) at 25 °C 10 environments for five days analyze their physiological transcriptomic changes. Physiological analysis showed that a 10°C increased content glucose (0.43 mg g−1 FW), sucrose (0.45 starch (0.76 FW) compared 25°C environment. After exposed EBR application temperature days, contents these three sugars continued increase, reached 2.68 FW, 4.64 9.27 respectively, indicating sugar metabolism played key roles regulating seedlings. Meanwhile, transcriptome 84 15 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched photosynthesis pathways, multiple DEGs involved pathways significantly up-regulated stimulation. Further speculated four responsible sucrose-phosphate synthetase (SPS, i.e., Zm00001d048979, probable synthase 5 Zm00001d012036, 1), (SUS, Zm00001d029091, 2 Zm00001d029087, 4) crucial nodes could potentially link other unknown form complex interaction networks tolerance. conclusion, our findings provide new insights into molecular mechanisms exogenous enhancing identified potential candidate be used breeding

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptomic and Physiological Studies Unveil that Brassinolide Maintains the Balance of Maize’s Multiple Metabolisms under Low-Temperature Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(17), С. 9396 - 9396

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024

Low-temperature (LT) is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict growth and development maize seedlings. Brassinolides (BRs) have been shown to enhance LT tolerance in several plant species; physiological molecular mechanisms by which BRs are still unclear. Here, we characterized changes physiology transcriptome N192 Ji853 seedlings at three-leaf stage with or without 2 μM 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR) application 25 15 °C environments via high-performance liquid chromatography RNA-Sequencing. Physiological analyses revealed EBR increased antioxidant enzyme activities, enhanced cell membrane stability, decreased malondialdehyde formation, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under stress; meanwhile, also maintained hormone balance increasing indole-3-acetic acid gibberellin 3 contents decreasing abscisic level stress. Transcriptome analysis 332 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched ROS homeostasis, signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. These DEGs exhibited synergistic antagonistic interactions, forming a complex network maize. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression (WGCNA) 109 hub involved stress regulation pathways were discovered from four modules highest correlation target traits. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into exogenous enhancing seedling stage, thus opening up possibilities for breeding program

Язык: Английский

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Integrated QTL Mapping, Meta-Analysis, and RNA-Sequencing Reveal Candidate Genes for Maize Deep-Sowing Tolerance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(7), С. 6770 - 6770

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2023

Synergetic elongation of mesocotyl and coleoptile are crucial in governing maize seedlings emergence, especially for the sown deep soil. Studying genomic regions controlling deep-sowing tolerance would aid development new varieties that resistant to harsh conditions, such as drought low temperature during seed germination. Using 346 F2:3 population families from W64A × K12 cross at three sowing depths, we identified 33 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) emergence rate, mesocotyl, coleoptile, seedling lengths via composite interval mapping (CIM). These explained 2.89% 14.17% phenotypic variation a single environment, while 12 13 major QTLs were two or more environments. Among those, four Bin 1.09, 4.08, 6.01, 7.02 supported pleiotropy multiple tolerant traits. Meta-analysis 17 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) based on 130 original present previous studies. RNA-Sequencing both parents (W64A K12) 3 cm 20 environments 50 candidate genes expressed differentially all MQTLs regions: six involved circadian clock, 27 associated with phytohormones biosynthesis signal transduction, seven controlled lignin biosynthesis, five regulated cell wall organization formation stabilization, responsible sucrose starch metabolism, antioxidant enzyme system. highly interconnected networks may form complex molecular mechanism tolerance. Findings this study will facilitate construction modules maize. The could be used marker-assisted breeding develop elite varieties.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing deep sowing success: genetic diversity in mesocotyl and coleoptile length, and field establishment of oats (Avena sativa)

Functional Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52(6)

Опубликована: Май 21, 2025

Early and deep sowing practices have revolutionised Australian winter cropping. Oats (Avena sativa ) are the only winter-cereal with a mesocotyl, potentially allowing them to successfully emerge from sowing. This study examined genetic differences in mesocotyl coleoptile length, effect of temperature on these traits, undertook field validation deep-sown oats compared selected wheat (Triticum aestivum barley (Hordeum vulgare genotypes. A controlled environment experiment 195 oat genotypes revealed long combined lengths (112-219 mm) significant genotypic variation. further 42 across four temperatures (15-30°C). that exceeding 20°C reduced length by 3.7mm 1.1mm per °C. Five experiments emergence 19 oat, wheat, two (110mm) shallow (40mm). had greater at depth The results indicate highly suited early conditions due their length.

Язык: Английский

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Magic Blue Light: A Versatile Mediator of Plant Elongation

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 115 - 115

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2023

Blue light plays an important role in regulating plant elongation. However, due to the limitations of older lighting technologies, responses plants pure blue have not been fully studied, and some our understandings functions literature need be revisited. This review consolidates analyzes diverse findings from previous studies on blue-light-mediated By synthesizing contrasting results, we uncover underlying mechanisms explanations proposed recent research. Moreover, delve into exploration light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a tool for manipulating elongation controlled-environment production, highlighting latest advancements this area. Finally, acknowledge challenges faced outline future directions research promising field. provides valuable insights pivotal growth offers foundation further investigations optimize using technology.

Язык: Английский

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Mining of co-expression genes in response to cold stress at maize (Zea mays L.) germination and sprouting stages by weighted gene co-expression networks analysis

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13, С. e19124 - e19124

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Background Maize ( Zea mays L.) is one of the main agricultural crops with largest yield and acreage worldwide. at germination sprouting stages are highly sensitive to low-temperatures, especially in high-latitude high-altitude regions. Low-temperature damage early spring presents a major meteorological disaster maize, severely affecting plant growth maize yield. Therefore, mining genes tolerant low temperatures crucial. We aimed analyze differential gene expression construct co-expression networks under temperatures. Methods Inbred lines, Zhongxi 091/O2 Chang 7-2, stages, respectively. grew these lines 10 °C 2 Samples were taken five time points (0, 6, 12, 24, 36 h) during two transcriptome sequencing was performed. The analyses conducted using weighted analysis (WGCNA), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG), networks. Results WGCNA used resulting six nine modules, Two modules stage (blue yellow) (turquoise magenta) identified. These significantly associated p < 0.01) tolerance temperature. differentially expressed (DEGs) four revealed entries related hormone oxygen-containing compound responses by GO functional enrichment. Among DEGs from three all enriched MAPK signaling pathway. Based on connectivity, top 50 for each module selected protein interaction network. Seven have been proven be involved response low-temperature stress. Conclusion differences patterns stress between different points. functionally annotated. This finding suggests that viable approach mining. current findings provide experimental support further investigation molecular mechanisms underlying maize.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative transcriptome and co-expression network reveals key genes associated with mesocotyl elongation in foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106144 - 106144

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Mechanism of Exogenous Salicylic Acid and 6-Benzylaminopurine Regulating the Elongation of Maize Mesocotyl

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(11), С. 6150 - 6150

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

The elongation of the mesocotyl plays an important role in emergence maize deep-sowing seeds. This study was designed to explore function exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) growth examine its regulatory network. results showed that addition 0.25 mmol/L SA promoted mesocotyls under both 3 cm 15 conditions. Conversely, 10 mg/L 6-BA inhibited mesocotyls. Interestingly, combined treatment SA–6-BA also longitudinal cells main reason affecting Transcriptome analysis may interact hormone signaling network elongation. differential expression genes related auxin (IAA), jasmonic (JA), brassinosteroid (BR), cytokinin (CTK) pathways be regulation on In addition, five candidate regulate length were screened by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). These involved through auxin-activated pathways, transmembrane transport, methylation redox processes. enhance our understanding plant growth, which will help further identify key networks.

Язык: Английский

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Exogenous Serotonin (5-HT) Promotes Mesocotyl and Coleoptile Elongation in Maize Seedlings under Deep-Seeding Stress through Enhancing Auxin Accumulation and Inhibiting Lignin Formation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(23), С. 17061 - 17061

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2023

Serotonin (5-HT), an indoleamine compound, has been known to mediate many physiological responses of plants under environmental stress. The deep-seeding (≥20 cm) maize seeds is important cultivation strategy ensure seedling emergence and survival drought However, the role 5-HT in tolerance remains unexplored. Understanding mechanisms evaluating optimal concentration alleviating stress could benefit production. In this study, two inbred lines were treated with or without at both sowing depths 20 cm 3 cm, respectively. effects different concentrations on growth phenotypes, metabolism, gene expression examined cm. Compared normal depth elongation mesocotyl (average 3.70 coleoptile 0.58 cm), secretion indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; average increased 3.73 0.63 ng g-1 FW), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 1.95 μM FW) stress, a concomitant decrease lignin synthesis decreased 0.48 0.53 A280 g-1). Under addition activated multiple genes IAA biosynthesis signal transduction, including Zm00001d049601, Zm00001d039346, Zm00001d026530, Zm00001d049659, it also stimulated production seedlings. On contrary, suppressed for (Zm00001d016471, Zm00001d005998, Zm00001d032152, Zm00001d053554) retarded accumulation H2O2 lignin, resulting A comprehensive evaluation analysis showed that optimum relieving was 2.5 mg/L lines, therefore improve rate alleviate These findings provide novel improving tolerance, thus enhancing yield potential water

Язык: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Mesocotyl Elongation Ability Among Maize Inbred Lines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(22), С. 12437 - 12437

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2024

Mesocotyl plays a key role in the seedling emergence of maize; however, mechanism mesocotyl elongation is still unclear. Moreover, different maize inbred lines and cultivars have varied lengths positively correlated with deep sowing tolerance. In this study, we selected one line long (LM) two short (SM1 SM2) from more than 400 lines. The length LM was about three-fold longer those SM1 SM2 Microstructure observation showed that reason for few cell numbers length, respectively. Subsequently, used RNA-seq to investigate by regulating number at transcriptome level. Compared line, displayed stronger downregulation

Язык: Английский

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