Current Advances in the Functional Diversity and Mechanisms Underlying Endophyte–Plant Interactions

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 779 - 779

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Plant phenotype is a complex entity largely controlled by the genotype and various environmental factors. Importantly, co-evolution has allowed plants to coexist with biotic factors in their surroundings. Recently, plant endophytes as an external phenotype, forming part of plethora microbial assemblage, have gained immense attention from scientists. Functionally, impact many ways, including increasing nutrient availability, enhancing ability cope both abiotic stress, accumulation important secondary metabolites. The current state research been devoted evaluating phenotypic impacts on host plants, direct influence metabolite stress response. However, there knowledge gap how genetic interaction pathogens, other communities, eventually controlling extended phenotype. This review will summarize can abundance functional diversity endophytic community, gene expression, host–endophyte–pathogen disease triangle. information provide novel insights into breeders could specifically target plant–endophyte for crop improvement.

Язык: Английский

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Biocontrol of plant parasitic nematodes by bacteria and fungi: a multi-omics approach for the exploration of novel nematicides in sustainable agriculture

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a significant threat to global crop productivity, causing an estimated annual loss of US $157 billion in the agriculture industry. While synthetic chemical nematicides can effectively control PPNs, their overuse has detrimental effects on human health and environment. Biocontrol agents (BCAs), such as bacteria fungi rhizosphere, are safe promising alternatives for PPNs control. These BCAs interact with plant roots produce extracellular enzymes, secondary metabolites, toxins, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) suppress nematodes. root exudates also play crucial role attracting beneficial microbes toward infested roots. The complex interaction between plants rhizosphere against is mostly untapped which opens new avenues discovering novel through multi-omics techniques. Advanced omics approaches, including metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, have led discovery nematicidal compounds. This review summarizes status bacterial fungal biocontrol strategies mechanisms importance omics-based approaches exploration future directions addressed. highlighted potential significance techniques ensure sustainable agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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The process of nitrogen-adaptation root endophytic bacterial rather than phosphorus-adaptation fungal subcommunities construction unveiled the tomato yield improvement under long-term fertilization

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Interactions between endophytes (endophytic bacteria and fungi) plants are crucial in maintaining crop fitness agricultural systems, particularly relation to abundant rare subcommunities involved community construction. However, the influence of long-term fertilization on heterogeneous rhizosphere nitrogen phosphorus environments how these conditions affect key root their assembly mechanisms remain unclear. We studied 26th year a field experiment conducted greenhouse with varying levels (CKP0, CKP1, CNP0, CNP1, ONP0, ONP1) assess composition tomato impact yield. employed 16S rRNA fungal ITS region amplicon sequencing investigate endophytic subcommunities, network correlations, core subcommunity structures, species that enhance The results indicated organic manure fertilizers significantly increased soil content, availability (labile P, moderately labile non-labile P). These also affected (based Bray-Curtis distance) processes (βNTI) microbial subcommunities. both bacterial was primarily governed by dispersal limitation, structures being regulated content available (AN) P (MLP). Rare complemented ecological niches co-occurrence network, supporting functions enhancing stability. Nitrogen-adapting provided stronger predictive correlation for yield than phosphorus-adapting Additionally, three genera such as Arthrobacter, Microbacterium, Sphingobium were identified potentially improving improvement. findings revealed distinct fertilization, our understanding better management practices controlling improve intensive ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Climate Change Impacts on Legume Physiology and Ecosystem Dynamics: A Multifaceted Perspective

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(14), С. 6026 - 6026

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

As valuable sources of plant-based protein, leguminous vegetables (grain legumes) are essential for global food security and contribute to body growth development in humans as well animals. Climate change is a major challenge agriculture that creates problems the plants. However, legume productivity threatened by climate factors, including rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, intensified extreme events, altered pest/pathogen activity. This review synthesizes approximately 136 studies assess effects on crops. Under all emissions trajectories, mean temperatures projected rise beyond optimal growing thresholds 2050, carrying yield reductions between 10 49% beans, soybeans, cowpeas, lentils without adaptation measures. The elevated may transiently enhance yields up 18%, but benefits dramatically decline above 550 ppm cannot offset other impacts. Altered rainfall along with recurrent drought heat waves also expected decrease crop yields, seed quality, soil nitrogen levels worldwide. Furthermore, proliferation pests fungal diseases poses significant risks, amplified shifts 84% reviewed studies. These multifaceted impacts threaten gains sustainably meeting protein demand. Realizing resilience will require accelerated heat/drought-tolerant varieties, enhanced climate-informed agronomic practices, strong policy interventions, social safety nets explicitly supporting producers, addition policies/steps governments taking address challenges crisis. highlights adaptations mechanisms required crops thrive fulfill their roles nutrition. It explores how these can be improved better withstand environmental stresses, nutritional profiles, increase yields. Additionally, discusses importance legumes sustainable security, emphasizing potential future feeding population. By focusing critical aspects, aims underscore ensuring healthy supply.

Язык: Английский

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Induced Defense in Ryegrass–Epichloë Symbiosis Against Listronotus bonariensis: Impact on Peramine Levels and Pest Performance

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1), С. 50 - 50

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

The Argentine stem weevil (ASW), a major pest in ryegrass pastures, causes significant agricultural losses. Ryegrass can establish symbiotic association with Epichloë endophytic fungi, which supply chemical defenses, including peramine. This symbiosis helps protect by providing peramine, acts as primary defense. In addition, activate induced defense mechanisms, peramine remaining the central agent response to herbivorous insect attacks. Therefore, this study assessed feeding of ASW on carrying fungus and levels aerial organs its effects performance. adults larvae were placed leaves stems assess feeding. Two treatments used: endophyte-free plants endophyte-colonized plants. After damage, consumption was measured leaf area consumed. To evaluate production increase attack, analyzed using liquid chromatography. Damaged E+ showed increases adult larval herbivory raising 291% 216% 135% 85% leaves, respectively, compared controls. Endophyte-free (E−) experienced more insects preferred them, showing reduced activity rose endophyte-infected (E+) An oviposition assay confirmed preference for Additionally, reared had lower survival rates, correlating negatively levels. These results emphasize peramine’s role strengthening defenses against ASW, impacting both development.

Язык: Английский

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Manipulation of Root-Associated Bacterial Endophytes for Sustainable Crop Production System: A Review

Rhizosphere, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101044 - 101044

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging endophytic fungi and multiomics integration for targeted drug discovery

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 277 - 293

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Endophytic seed pretreatment: a strategy for boosting morphophysiological traits in tomato seedlings

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

This study investigated the effects of fungal (Penicillium chrysogenum, Thielavia basicola, Curvularia hawaiiensis) and bacterial (Sphingomonas aquatilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum, Micromonospora echinaurantiaca, Kocuria rhizophila) endophytes on growth physiological traits tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions. Both individual combined endophyte treatments significantly enhanced key parameters, including stem weight, height, dry with notable synergies observed in fungal-bacterial combinations such as P. chrysogenum + E. aurantiacum S. aquatilis M. echinaurantiaca. These also optimised photosynthetic activity, increasing chlorophyll content, carotenoids, photosystem II efficiency, improving plant vitality. Additionally, these stimulated a marked increase carotenoid levels, leading to substantial improvements antioxidant activity. Furthermore, inoculation promoted higher phenolic proline distinct showing remarkable carbohydrate accumulation. The findings underscore synergistic potential interactions enhancing resilience, offering promising strategies for crop productivity sustainability agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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<i>Nigrospora</i> sp. in post-harvest papayas: efficacy of essential oils in antifungal inhibition

Technology in Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 0 - 0

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic effects of Rahnella aquatilis and Trichoderma orientale in biocontrol of common bacterial blight in bean

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Abstract Background Common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), is a major disease affecting bean plants. While biocontrol agents have been explored to manage plant diseases, there limited research on the combined use of multiple for controlling blight. This study aimed evaluate efficacy bacterium Rahnella aquatilis (Ra) and fungus Trichoderma orientale (TO), used singly or in combination, protecting plants against this disease. Results In vitro experiments, R. T. strongly inhibited Xap growth exhibited significant zinc phosphate solubilization abilities. Under greenhouse conditions, treatments with Ra, TO, their combination significantly suppressed incidence, achieving reductions 69, 56, 70%, respectively. Both decreased pathogen load leaf tissues improved seed germination rates, which reached 92 82% Ra respectively, compared 67% infected control. Additionally, treated showed increased fresh dry weights roots shoots untreated Conclusion demonstrates that application an effective eco-friendly strategy common blight beans. These synergistically reduced severity, enhanced growth, germination, emphasizing utility sustainable agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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