Integrative Mechanisms of Plant Salt Tolerance: Biological Pathways, Phytohormonal Regulation, and Technological Innovations

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 100652 - 100652

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome Engineering for Sustainable Rice Production: Strategies for Biofertilization, Stress Tolerance, and Climate Resilience

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 233 - 233

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

The plant microbiome, found in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and endosphere, is essential for nutrient acquisition, stress tolerance, overall health of plants. This review aims to update our knowledge critically discuss diversity functional roles rice as well microbiome engineering strategies enhance biofertilization resilience. Rice hosts various microorganisms that affect cycling, growth promotion, resistance stresses. Microorganisms carry out these functions through nitrogen fixation, phytohormone metabolite production, enhanced solubilization uptake, regulation host gene expression. Recent research on molecular biology has elucidated complex interactions within microbiomes signalling mechanisms establish beneficial microbial communities, which are crucial sustainable production environmental health. Crucial factors successful commercialization agents include soil properties, practical field conditions, genotype. Advances engineering, from traditional inoculants synthetic biology, optimize availability resilience abiotic stresses like drought. Climate change intensifies challenges, but innovations microbiome-shaping genes (M genes) offer promising solutions crop also discusses agronomic implications emphasizing need further exploration M breeding disease traits. Ultimately, we provide an current findings rice, highlighting pathways productivity sustainably while minimizing impacts.

Язык: Английский

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Symbiotic Synergy: Unveiling Plant-Microbe Interactions in Stress Adaptation

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 77(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Amidst escalating climate challenges, understanding microbe-mediated plant growth regulation and stress resilience is pivotal for sustainable agriculture. Non-pathogenic microbes, which reside in the phyllosphere, rhizosphere, as endophytes or epiphytes, play crucial roles enabling plants to withstand climate-induced stresses such extreme temperatures, drought, salinity, shifting pathogen dynamics. These microbial symbionts enhance nutrient availability, alter physiological responses, contribute significantly adaptive metabolism health. This review delves into multifaceted interactions between focusing on biochemical enzymatic exchanges that govern immune responses defense signaling under environmental stresses. Recent research highlights plant-associated microbes a 'second functional genome,' diverse structure function, essential resilience. We critically examine contributions alleviating abiotic stressors, highlighting factors diversity, ecosystem compatibility, role of synthetic consortia climate-adapted The emergence novel pathogenic strains due fluctuations mitigating these threats are also discussed. Furthermore, we assess potential axenic cultures enhancing fluctuating environments, while acknowledging gap controlled lab findings broader field applications. Concluding with integrating multi-omic approaches, this underscores importance unraveling complex plant-microbe develop strategies supporting resilient climate-adaptive agricultural systems.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Maintaining Sustainable Agroecosystems

Applied Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 6 - 6

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a crucial role in maintaining sustainable agroecosystems by forming mutualistic relationships with plant roots, improving soil health, facilitating nutrient uptake, and enhancing resilience to abiotic stresses. The relationship between AM plants promotes balanced microbial community improves structure stable aggregates. Additionally, can lower the adverse effects of high phosphorus (P) while also tolerance drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity through osmotic regulation antioxidant production. support beneficial microorganisms, such as potassium (K)-solubilizing microbes nitrogen (N)-transforming bacteria, which enhance dynamics soil. However, intensive agricultural practices, including tillage continuous monoculture, disrupt fungal networks reduce diversity, impairing their effectiveness. Adopting conservation practices reduced tillage, crop rotation, organic amendments supports growth. Incorporating crops utilizing native inoculants colonization These strategies collectively bolster productivity, resilience, offering promising solution environmental challenges posed farming. By promoting growth colonization, achieve long-term productivity increased sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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Mitigation of salinity stress in salt‐sensitive rice seedlings via phytohormone synthesis, antioxidant defence enhancement, and ion balance regulation induced by 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐producing purple non‐sulfur bacteria

Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract Salt stress, intensified by climate change, is a significant threat to rice production, vital staple for over half the world's population. This makes addressing salt stress in cultivation pressing issue. study investigates role of PNSB as biostimulant enhancing salinity tolerance salt‐sensitive seedlings, existing gaps knowledge on physiological and biochemical impacts under saline stress. We inoculated seedlings with 80 mmol NaCl controlled environment. After 5‐day treatment, we conducted analyses. Salinity induced oxidative seedlings. However, application 5‐ALA‐producing mitigated elevated 5‐ALA shoots 23%, roots 190.5%, chlorophyll content 105.0%. treatment also reduced superoxide radicals (O 2 •− ) H O 26.7% 38.7%, respectively, related increased activity antioxidant enzymes, SOD (142.9%) APX (41.8%). led lower electrolyte leakage (25.2%) MDA (17.4%), indicating ROS. Additionally, proline soluble sugar decreased 29.2% 72.5%, respectively. sodium potassium ion both (31.2%) (27.4%) salt‐stressed These findings suggest that may facilitate nutrient solubilization balance, thereby mitigating adverse effects salinity, potential implications sustainable agricultural practices improve crop yield environments. Future research should focus elucidating specific pathways involved PNSB‐mediated exploring their across diverse species varying conditions.

Язык: Английский

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A Cyclic Graywater Treatment Model for Sustainable Wastewater Management Applied in a Small Scale

Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 2836 - 2836

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Water scarcity presents a critical challenge to global sustainability, exacerbated by population growth, climate change, and environmental pollution. In this context, graywater reuse has emerged as promising solution, offering substantial water savings with significant potential for agricultural applications. However, efficient treatment methods are essential ensure safe reuse, contaminants vary depending on the source. This study introduces cyclic system that integrates both mechanical biological filtration processes. A key feature of is inclusion Chenopodium quinoa, resilient plant known its phytoremediation potential, which enhances efficiency facilitates contaminant removal. The examines impact treated soil quinoa properties, focusing suitability irrigation. results show significantly improves quality, enhancing removal microbiological contaminants, such BOD, decrease ranging from 31.33 mg O2/L 15.74 observed after treatment. For COD, average values decreased 102.64 54.19 treatment, making compliant Tunisian regulation NT 106.03 WHO guidelines. Cyclic reduced microbial load graywater. example, E. coli, 0.87 log 10/100 mL in RGW 0.58 GWT3. demonstrate process can predict quality beyond three tested stages. highlights plant-based systems an eco-friendly scalable approach sustainable management agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive review on rice responses and tolerance to salt stress

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

The challenge of salinity stress significantly impacts global rice production, especially in coastal and arid regions where the salinization agricultural soils is on rise. This review explores complex physiological, biochemical, genetic mechanisms contributing to tolerance (Oryza sativa L.) while examining agronomic multidisciplinary strategies bolster resilience. Essential adaptations encompass regulation ionic balance, management antioxidants, adjustments osmotic pressure, all driven by genes such as OsHKT1;5 transcription factors like OsbZIP73. evolution breeding strategies, encompassing traditional methods cutting-edge innovations, has produced remarkable salt-tolerant varieties FL478 BRRI dhan47. advancements this field are enhanced including integrated soil management, crop rotation, chemical treatments spermidine, which through antioxidant activity transcriptional mechanisms. Case studies from South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East and, Australia demonstrate transformative potential utilizing varieties; however, challenges persist, polygenic nature tolerance, environmental variability, socioeconomic barriers. highlights importance collaborative efforts across various disciplines, merging genomic technologies, sophisticated phenotyping, inclusive practices foster climate-resilient sustainable cultivation. work seeks navigate complexities its implications for food security, employing inventive cohesive confront posed climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Halotolerant Pseudomonas -induced alleviation of salt stress and promotion of growth in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea )

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 14

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic Evaluation of Native Bacterial Strains of the Bacillus Genus as a Response to Salt Stress

Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(3), С. e011737 - e011737

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Objective: To evaluate the main metabolites present under saline stress conditions in two native Bacillus species, by relating physiological metabolism root-bacteria association, using metabolomics. Theoretical Framework: The interaction between biological activity and is a tool for elucidating mechanisms that alleviate plants. Metabolomics allows us to correlation of metabolic variables various interactions inside outside organisms. Method: Two soil strains were characterized metabolite production conditions. Metabolites quantified gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, principal component analysis (PCA) partial least squares discriminant (PLS-DA). Cross-validation, predictive capacity, repeated-measures ANOVA tests performed. Results Discussion: results PCA PLS-DA determined both produce similar quantities. strain sp. cp-h3 generated 196.84 μg mL-1 L D-proline; 36.1 IAA, second B1408, 168.8 D-proline 28.66 IAA. Both are important during periods salt bacteria, as well plant physiology. Research Implications: isolation, identification, metabolomic profiling reported microbial species validates use this technique routine screening. It also useful biotechnological applications such bioremediation. Originality/Value: A method introducing into an osmotically hostile environment presented. viability with demonstrated.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Sweet Pepper Tolerance to Combined Drought and Salinity Stresses: Synergistic Role of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 77(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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