Can insects feel pain? A review of the neural and behavioural evidence
Advances in insect physiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown, С. 155 - 229
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Язык: Английский
Plant sentience: The burden of proof
Animal Sentience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(33)
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023
Segundo-Ortin
&
Calvo's
(2023)
target
article
takes
a
less
speculative
and
more
evidence-based
approach
to
plant
sentience
than
did
previous
works
promoting
that
idea.
However,
it
retains
many
of
the
idea's
longstanding
difficulties
such
as
starting
from
false
dichotomy
(plants
must
be
either
hardwired
or
sentient),
not
accepting
full
burden
proof
for
an
extraordinary
claim,
confusingly
redefining
accepted
cognitive
terms,
implying
cell
consciousness,
adopting
most
parsimonious
explanations
behaviors,
downplaying
all
counterevidence.
We
advise
rectifying
these
problems
before
can
become
full-fledged
scientific
domain.
Язык: Английский
Behavioral indicators of heterogeneous subjective experience in animals across the phylogenetic spectrum: Implications for comparative animal phenomenology
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(7), С. e28421 - e28421
Опубликована: Март 24, 2024
This
behavioral
study
was
undertaken
to
provide
empirical
evidence
in
favor
of
or
opposed
the
notion
that
animals
across
a
wide
breadth
animal
kingdom
have
subjective
(personal)
experience
varies
with
their
lifestyles,
ecological
constraints,
phylogeny.
Twelve
species
representing
two
invertebrate
phyla
and
six
vertebrate
classes
were
observed
unobtrusively
15-min
episodes,
during
which
three
modes
behavior
(volitional,
interactive,
egocentric)
quantified
according
frequency,
variety,
dynamism
each
mode.
Volitional
most
prevalent
dynamic
mode
for
nearly
all
species,
largely
without
regard
phylogenetic
position.
Interactive
likewise
varied
inconsistently
entire
evolutionary
spectrum.
Egocentric
concentrated
among
avian
mammalian
but
it
as
well.
Diagrams
matrix
constructed
from
qualitative
quantitative
attributes
metaphorical
representation
unique
experiential
profile
species.
To
extent
these
measures
correlate
nature
animal's
experience,
they
support
growing
view
phenomenology
is
heterogeneous,
multimodal,
non-linear
kingdom.
Язык: Английский
Awareness and consciousness in humans and animals – neural and behavioral correlates in an evolutionary perspective
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022
Awareness
or
consciousness
in
the
context
of
stimulus
perception
can
directly
be
assessed
well
controlled
test
situations
with
humans
via
persons'
reports
about
their
subjective
experiences
stimuli.
Since
we
have
no
direct
access
to
animals,
possible
awareness
tasks
has
often
been
inferred
from
behavior
and
cognitive
abilities
previously
observed
aware
conscious
humans.
Here,
analyze
published
human
data
primarily
on
event-related
potentials
brain-wave
generation
during
responding
sensory
stimuli
extract
neural
markers
(mainly
latencies
evoked-potential
peaks
gamma-wave
occurrence)
indicating
that
a
person
became
perceived
stimulus.
These
correlates
were
then
applied
sets
corresponding
various
animals
including
several
species
mammals,
one
each
birds,
fish,
cephalopods,
insects.
We
found
studies
could
also
successfully
mammal
bird
suggesting
these
animal
groups
become
subjectively
Fish,
cephalopod
insect
remained
inconclusive.
In
an
evolutionary
perspective
consider
both
appear
as
evolved,
attention-dependent
options
added
ongoing
activities
processing
action
generation.
for
functional
coupling
brain
areas
aware/conscious
states
is
energetically
highly
cost-intensive,
it
remains
shown
which
under
conditions
lifestyle
ecological
niche
may
achieve
significant
advantages
reproductive
fitness
by
drawing
upon
options.
Hence,
started
our
discussion
question
how
far
expressions
activity
are
necessary
attributes
perceiving
adaptive
way.
Язык: Английский
Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness
Qeios,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024
While
the
study
of
consciousness
has
had
a
controversial
history
and,
until
recently,
pessimistic
prognosis,
recent
views
within
neuroscientific
community
suggest
that
maturing
if
incomplete
scientific
understanding
is
close
at
hand.
The
purpose
this
essay
to
specify
major
points
on
which
in
my
opinion
there
widespread
though
not
universal
agreement,
as
proposed
benchmarks
for
current
state
research
across
phylogenetic
spectrum.
Most
published
definitions
boil
down
focus
it
process
arising
nervous
system
engaged
with
body
and
its
environment,
giving
rise
subjective
(personal)
experience.
A
broad
consensus
phenomenology
sees
consisting
minimum
(1)
awareness_
_and
focused
attention,
(2)
unity
perception,
(3)
qualitative
variations
content,
(4)
mental
causation,
(5)
sense
self.
There
also
agreement
substrate
requires
sizeable,
complex
systems
organized
into
several
hierarchical
levels
processing.
Further
insight
gained
by
reconstructing
evolution
phenomenological
experience
―
most
likely
from
multiple
origins,
hosted
diversity
brain
architectures,
diverging
markedly
different
forms
animal
kingdom.
However,
three
mysteries
about
remain
unresolved
are
neurological
correlates
consciousness,
apparent
gap
between
mechanism,
monitors
activity
admitted
consciousness.
Язык: Английский
Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness
Qeios,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024
While
the
study
of
consciousness
has
had
a
controversial
history
and,
until
recently,
pessimistic
prognosis,
recent
views
within
neuroscientific
community
suggest
that
maturing
if
incomplete
scientific
understanding
is
close
at
hand.
Most
published
definitions
boil
down
to
focus
on
it
as
process
arising
in
nervous
system
engaged
with
body
and
its
environment,
giving
rise
subjective
(personal)
experience.
A
broad
consensus
phenomenology
sees
consisting
minimum
(1)
awarenessand
focused
attention,
(2)
unity
perception,
(3)
qualitative
variations
content,
(4)
mental
causation,
(5)
sense
self.
There
also
agreement
substrate
requires
sizeable,
complex
systems
organized
into
several
hierarchical
levels
processing.
Further
insight
gained
by
reconstructing
evolution
phenomenological
experience
―
most
likely
from
multiple
origins,
hosted
diversity
brain
architectures,
diverging
markedly
different
forms
across
animal
kingdom.
The
three
major
mysteries
remain
about
are
neurological
correlates
consciousness,
apparent
gap
between
mechanism,
agent
monitors
activity
admitted
consciousness.
Язык: Английский
Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness
Qeios,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024
While
the
study
of
consciousness
has
had
a
controversial
history
and,
until
recently,
pessimistic
prognosis,
recent
views
within
neuroscientific
community
suggest
that
maturing
if
incomplete
scientific
understanding
is
close
at
hand.
The
purpose
this
essay
to
specify
major
points
on
which
in
my
opinion
there
widespread
though
not
universal
agreement,
as
proposed
benchmarks
for
current
state
research
across
phylogenetic
spectrum.
Most
published
definitions
boil
down
focus
it
process
arising
nervous
system
engaged
with
body
and
its
environment,
giving
rise
subjective
(personal)
experience.
A
broad
consensus
phenomenology
sees
consisting
minimum
(1)
awarenessand
focused
attention,
(2)
unity
perception,
(3)
qualitative
variations
content,
(4)
mental
causation,
(5)
sense
self.
There
also
agreement
substrate
requires
sizeable,
complex
systems
organized
into
several
hierarchical
levels
processing.
Further
insight
gained
by
reconstructing
evolution
phenomenological
experience
―
most
likely
from
multiple
origins,
hosted
diversity
brain
architectures,
diverging
markedly
different
forms
animal
kingdom.
However,
three
mysteries
about
remain
unresolved
are
neurological
correlates
consciousness,
apparent
gap
between
mechanism,
monitors
activity
admitted
consciousness.
Язык: Английский
Neurotransmission and neuromodulation systems in the learning and memory network of Octopus vulgaris
Journal of Morphology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
283(5), С. 557 - 584
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2022
The
vertical
lobe
(VL)
in
the
octopus
brain
plays
an
essential
role
its
sophisticated
learning
and
memory.
Early
anatomical
studies
suggested
that
VL
is
organized
a
"fan-out
fan-in"
connectivity
matrix
comprising
only
three
morphologically
identified
neuron
types;
input
axons
from
median
superior
frontal
(MSFL)
innervating
en
passant
millions
of
small
amacrine
interneurons
(AMs),
which
converge
sharply
onto
large
output
neurons
(LNs).
Recent
physiological
confirmed
feedforward
excitatory
connectivity;
glutamatergic
synapse
at
first
MSFL-to-AM
synaptic
layer
cholinergic
AM-to-LNs
synapse.
MSFL-to-AMs
synapses
show
robust
hippocampal-like
activity-dependent
long-term
potentiation
(LTP)
transmitter
release.
5-HT,
octopamine,
dopamine
nitric
oxide
modulate
short-
plasticity.
Here,
we
present
comprehensive
histolabeling
study
to
better
characterize
neural
elements
VL.
We
generally
MSFLs
AMs.
Intense
labeling
for
NOS
activity
AMs
neurites
were
in-line
with
NO-dependent
presynaptic
LTP
mechanism
New
discoveries
here
reveal
more
heterogeneity
than
previously
thought.
GABAergic
suggest
subpopulation
inhibitory
layer.
Clear
γ-amino
butyric
acid
cell
bodies
LNs
supported
output,
yet
co-expressed
FMRFamide-like
neuropeptides,
suggesting
additional
neuromodulatory
output.
Furthermore,
group
was
glutamatergic.
A
new
cluster
cells
as
"deep
nucleus"
showed
rich
catecholaminergic
may
play
intrinsic
neuromodulation.
In-situ
hybridization
immunolabeling
allowed
characterization
localization
array
neuropeptides
neuromodulators,
likely
involved
reward/punishment
signals.
This
analysis
fast
transmission
system,
together
newly
found
cellular
elements,
help
integrate
behavioral,
physiological,
pharmacological
connectome
findings
into
understanding
efficient
memory
network.
Язык: Английский
Inattentive Perception, Time, and the Incomprehensibility of Consciousness
Frontiers in Psychology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2022
Cerebral
energy
supply
is
insufficient
to
support
continuous
neuronal
processing
of
the
plethora
time-constant
objects
that
we
are
aware
of.
As
a
result,
brain
forced
limit
resources
(the
most
relevant)
cases
change.
The
neuronally
generated
world
thus
temporally
discontinuous.
This
parallels
fact
that,
in
all
relevant
microscopic
fundamental
equations
nature,
temporal
change
plays
dominant
role.
When
scientist
calculates
"solution"
such
an
equation,
integration
over
time
essential
step.
present
Hypothesis
expresses
step
from
activity
phenomenal
content
consciousness
reflective
(phenomenal)
"solution:"
main
source
incomprehensibility
proposed
result
introduction
entities.
These
"filled-in"
via
integration,
even
though
data
only
exists
for
changes
these
In
this
way,
picture
phenomenally
appears.
Qualia
"initial
conditions,"
which
required
and
cannot
be
deduced
data.
Phenomenal
"identity"
(vs.
"high
similarity")
related
qualia.
Inattentive
visual
perception,
rarely
investigated,
offers
insights
into
relationships.
Introspectively,
unattended
vision
appears
rich
because
percepts
cumulated
long
spans,
whereas
attentive
perception
relies
purely
on
signals.
brief
can
signify
long-lasting
constant
consciousness.
Experimental
presented
comes
discrepancies
between
perception:
transient
responses
sustained
stimuli,
"filling-in,"
blindness,
identity
vs.
close
resemblance.
Язык: Английский
Review of: "Do Androids Dread an Electric Sting?"
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
As
the
extent
of
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
rapidly
grows,
spurred
by
commercial
competition,
need
to
anticipate
possibility
its
negative
as
well
positive
consequences
increases.One
such
potential
result
is
that
AI
entities
could
become
subjectively
aware,
or
conscious.This
article
poses
a
and
suggests
how
it
should
be
viewed
dealt
with
humans.The
topic
important
provides
thoughtful
starting
point
for
discussion
society
needs
undertake.A
summary
authors'
position,
I
understand
it,
follows:AI
systems
are
approaching
capability
enabling
consciousness.When
do
conscious,
they
will
then
capable
pain
suffering.Humans
have
an
ethical
obligation
prevent
this.The
way
so
adopt
same
legal
standards
laws
applied
animals
deemed
worthy
welfare
consideration,
which
those
can
experience
affect
(with
emphasis
on
suffering).Welfare
consideration
means
affording
them
protection
from
harmful
experiences
freedom
express
'natural'
behavior.The
argument
presented
logically
coherent.However,
believe
there
weaknesses
in
at
several
points
lead
me
some
different
assumptions
conclusions.I
elaborate
disagreement,
suggest
alternative
scenario
dealing
prospect
sentience
artificially
intelligent
entities.
Points
Disagreement
consciousness.There
no
question
gaining
complexity
sophistication,
their
linguistic
output
manual
proficiency
(of
machines
robots)
display
intelligent-like
capabilities
suggestive
conscious
control.But
since
mechanisms
enable
consciousness
unknown
humans
(the
only
species
we
direct
knowledge
consciousness),
much
less
other
animals,
premature
assume
any
entity,
regardless
sophisticated,
engender
phenomenological
experience.While
agree
animal
may
arisen
trajectories
instantiated
neural
architectures
[1-3],
absent
what
Язык: Английский