Detection of Hemagglutinin H5 influenza A virus RNA and model of potential inputs in an urban California sewershed

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract In 2024, the highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 caused outbreaks in wild birds, poultry, cows, and other mammals United States with 61 human cases also reported by CDC. Detection of H5 RNA wastewater has been previously sewersheds Texas North Carolina nearby impacted dairy herds following emergence cows. Here, we conduct retrospective testing total hemagglutinin genes as well presenting applying new assays for detection H1 H3 across a respiratory virus season an urban California sewershed from September 2023 – May 2024. Total A, H1, were regularly detected, while was first detected March. We developed model that uses Monte Carlo simulations published parameters to estimate numbers infected people, or liters H5-contaminated milk required result measured concentrations wastewater. Our findings demonstrate this sewershed, contaminated poultry most likely sources created publicly available tool apply input inputs. Synopsis understand potential wastewater, enabling interpretation detections. TOC figure

Язык: Английский

Evaluation of Trends in Influenza A and B Viruses in Wastewater and Human Surveillance Data: Insights from the 2022–2023 Season in Italy

Food and Environmental Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2024

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a recognized, dynamic approach to monitoring the transmission of pathogens in communities through urban wastewater. This study aimed detect and quantify influenza A B viruses Italian wastewater during 2022–2023 season (October 2022 April 2023). total 298 samples were collected from 67 treatment plants (WTPs) across country. These analyzed for (IAV, IBV) using primers originally developed by Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) real-time PCR adapted digital PCR. The overall detection rates IAV IBV entire period 19.1% 16.8%, respectively. prevalence showed gradual increase October December 2022, peaking at 61% December. In contrast, peaked 36% February 2023. temporal discrepancy peak concentrations suggests different seasonal patterns two types. trends mirrored human surveillance data, which cases 46% late declining around 2% 2023, starting significantly January 2023 about 14% March. ranged 9.80 × 102 1.94 105 g.c./L, while 1.07 103 1.43 104 g.c./L. Overall, environmental data consistent with observed results demonstrate value WBE tracking epidemiological highlight its potential as complementary tool infectious diseases systems.

Язык: Английский

Impact of Sample Storage Time and Temperature on the Stability of Respiratory Viruses and Enteric Viruses in Wastewater

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(12), С. 2459 - 2459

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has been widely used to track SARS-CoV-2 as well many other viruses in communities during the COVID pandemic and post-pandemic. However, it is still not clear how temperature storage time would influence stability of wastewater. In this study, we assessed SARS-CoV-2, pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), influenza A (IAV) B (IBV), respiratory syncytial (RSV), enteric raw wastewater stored at room temperature, 4 °C, −20 °C for 3 6 days. PMMoV, IAV, were found be stable up days after storing or °C. RSV more susceptible freeze–thaw cycles compared PMMoV viruses, which relatively Low detection IBV made difficult evaluate impact. Based on our findings, conclude that short-term transportation samples within ambient acceptable majority these viruses. Freezing even short periods recommended WBS The data obtained from study can provide guidance quality assurance purposes operational aspects surveillance.

Язык: Английский