Subtle morphological changes in the visual and antennal sensory system of bees and wasps across an urbanisation gradient
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
Abstract
Increased
temperature
and
fragmentation
of
green
spaces
in
urban
areas
could
drive
variations
functional
traits
insects.
Such
morphological
shifts
may
occur
for
sensory
systems,
which
were
previously
reported
to
be
prone
change
with
habitat
characteristics
non-urban
contexts.
Here,
we
measured
related
the
visual
antennal
systems
bees
Halictus
scabiosae
Osmia
cornuta
wasp
Polistes
dominula
along
an
urbanisation
gradient
within
Milan
(Italy).
We
hypothesised
that
filter
better
properties,
higher
fewer
thermoreceptors
more
olfactory
hairs.
While
controlling
body
size,
results
show
subtle
but
appreciable
responses
one
or
all
species,
though
not
always
supporting
our
hypotheses.
O.
shows
marginally
ommatidia
density
smaller
diameter
(associated
resolution)
fragmented
sites,
as
well
hotter
agreement
two
predictions.
On
other
hand,
H.
has
antennae
P.
eyes
at
warmer
locations,
also
9th
flagellomeres
areas.
Perhaps
temperatures
accelerate
development
system
speed
than
rest
these
species.
Our
represent
first
evidence
effects
on
wasps
underline
how
such
involve
a
much
broader
bouquet
then
observed.
Язык: Английский
Thermodynamics, thermal performance and climate change: temperature regimes for bumblebee (Bombus spp.) colonies as examples of superorganisms
Frontiers in Bee Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2
Опубликована: Май 3, 2024
Evidence
is
widespread
that
many
species
of
Bombus
are
in
population
and
biogeographical
decline
response
to
adverse
effects
global
climate
warming.
The
complex
interactions
the
mechanisms
at
root
declines
poorly
understood.
Among
numerous
factors,
we
posit
heat
stress
nests
could
play
a
key
role
bumblebee
species.
similarity
optimum
temperature
range
incubating
remarkable,
about
28–32
°C
regardless
from
cold
High
Arctic
tropical
environments
indicates
optimal
for
rearing
brood
spp.
characteristic
common
bumblebees
(perhaps
synapomorphy)
with
limited
evolutionary
plasticity.
We
do
note
higher
boreal
have
been
tested
stressfully
high
when
compared
B.
terrestris
.
Thermal
Neutral
Zone
(TNZ),
temperatures
over
which
metabolic
expenditure
minimal
maintain
uniform
nest
temperatures,
has
not
studied
may
differ
between
biogeographic
conditions.
That
more
serious
than
chilling
illustrated
by
Performance
Curve
Relationship
(TPC)
(also
sometimes
considered
as
Tolerance
Relationship).
TPC
development
activity
increase
slowly
conditions
become
warmer
until
reaching
plateau
rates
change
markedly.
After
that,
rapidly,
death
ensues.
eusocial
bees
except
Apis
dorsata
but
importance
TNZ
environmental
around
(which
rarely
especially
contexts
architecture
substrate
thermal
characteristics)
factors
central
understanding
climatic
warming
on
populations,
health,
decline.
Язык: Английский
Increasing road cover in urban areas is associated with greater midgut histological damage in a primitively eusocial bee
Insectes Sociaux,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
71(3), С. 331 - 341
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2024
Abstract
Urbanisation
is
associated
with
air
and
soil
pollution,
particularly
from
heavy
metals.
One
of
the
tissues
most
exposed
to
such
pollutants
midgut
epithelium
as
insects
may
ingest
these
food.
Bees
are
one
important
urban
insects,
providing
ecosystem
services
pollination.
However,
best
our
knowledge,
no
studies
have
investigated
possible
histological
alterations
bees
caused
by
urbanisation.
We
sampled
workers
ground-nesting,
primitively
eusocial
bee
Halictus
scabiosae
in
a
large
metropolis
(Milan),
aim
test
if
individuals
areas
characterised
higher
urbanisation
consequently
pollution
levels—defined
here
greater
proportion
roads—exhibit
tissue
cellular
epithelium.
obtained
semi-thin
sections
through
techniques,
then
adopted
semi-quantitative
approach
assess
morphological
damage.
The
presented
range
including
disorganisation,
vacuolisation,
nucleus
karyorrhexis
(one
stages
death).
found
damage
score
(calculated
taking
into
account
all
alterations)
frequency
karyorrhectic
nuclei
sites
roads
(i.e.
more
urbanised).
observed
underline
potential
impairment
digestive
function
highly
urbanised
areas.
Язык: Английский
Are Cities Shaping Bee Behavior? Female-female Interactions in the Solitary Megachilid Osmia cornuta in an Urban Matrix
Journal of Insect Behavior,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
38(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025
Язык: Английский
Impact of Plant‒Microbe Interactions with a Focus on Poorly Investigated Urban Ecosystems—A Review
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(7), С. 1276 - 1276
Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2024
The
urbanization
process,
which
began
with
the
Industrial
Revolution,
has
undergone
a
considerable
increase
over
past
few
decades.
Urbanization
strongly
affects
ecological
processes,
often
deleteriously,
because
it
is
associated
decrease
in
green
spaces
(areas
of
land
covered
by
vegetation),
loss
natural
habitats,
increased
rates
species
extinction,
greater
prevalence
invasive
and
exotic
species,
anthropogenic
pollutant
accumulation.
In
urban
environments,
play
key
role
providing
many
benefits
contributing
to
human
psychophysical
well-being.
It
known
that
interactions
between
plants
microorganisms
occur
rhizosphere
are
paramount
importance
for
plant
health,
soil
fertility,
correct
functioning
ecosystems.
growing
diffusion
DNA
sequencing
technologies
"omics"
analyses
provided
increasing
information
about
composition,
structure,
function
rhizomicrobiota.
However,
despite
amount
data
on
communities
their
natural/rural
contexts,
current
knowledge
microbial
roots
soils
still
very
scarce.
present
review
discusses
both
plant-microbe
dynamics
factors
drive
composition
rhizomicrobiota
poorly
investigated
settings
potential
use
beneficial
microbes
as
an
innovative
biological
tool
face
challenges
anthropized
environments
climate
change
impose.
Unravelling
biodiversity
will
contribute
space
management,
preservation,
development
and,
ultimately,
public
health
safety.
Язык: Английский
Temperature differently affects body pigmentation of the paper wasp Polistes dominula along an urban and a wider geographical gradient
Journal of Thermal Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121, С. 103840 - 103840
Опубликована: Март 27, 2024
In
insects,
different
pigments,
such
as
melanins
and
pterins,
are
involved
in
thermoregulation.
The
degree
of
melanisation
often
varies
along
geographical
gradients,
according
to
the
so-called
thermal
melanism
hypothesis,
i.e.
darker
forms
found
colder
places
because
they
can
warm
up
more
quickly.
Similarly,
pterins
work
heat
sinks
thus
expected
be
abundant
sites.
Cities,
which
warmer
than
surrounding
areas
(Urban
Heat
Island
(UHI)
effect),
might
also
influence
pigmentation,
although
studies
lacking.
Here,
we
sampled
workers
social
paper
wasp
Polistes
dominula
(Christ,
1791)
(Vespidae)
across
an
urbanisation
gradient
Italian
metropolis
used
iNaturalist
pictures
this
species
Italy
study
pigmentation
patterns
at
both
urban
larger
scales.
We
a
lower
yellow
intensity
abdominal
spots
locations.
Scanning
Electron
Microscopy
strongly
suggested
that
colouration
is
due
xanthopterin,
known
sink
molecule
other
vespids.
Thus,
wasps
from
(i.e.,
urban)
environments
likely
have
fewer
xanthopterin
granules,
line
with
lack
need
for
storage
local
(UHI
effect).
At
country
level,
higher
latitudes
had
smaller
on
thorax
only
two
instead
four
altitudes,
full
accordance
hypothesis.
conclusion,
climatic
conditions
seem
affect
insect
colour
wider
changes
may
body
parts
pigments
needs.
Язык: Английский
Males of the solitary bee Anthophora plumipes have longer tongue, larger ocelli, and higher fluctuating asymmetry in more urbanised habitats
The European Zoological Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
91(2), С. 1178 - 1191
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024
Язык: Английский
Urbanization-driven environmental shifts cause reduction in aminopeptidase N activity in the honeybee
Conservation Physiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Honeybees
(Apis
mellifera
Linnaeus,
1758)
are
managed
pollinators
in
anthropized
landscapes
but
suffer
adverse
physiological
effects
from
urbanization
due
to
increased
pollution,
higher
temperatures
and
a
loss
of
habitat
quality.
Previous
studies
various
animal
taxa
have
shown
how
responses
digestive
enzymes,
such
as
Aminopeptidase
N
(APN),
can
indicate
stress
conditions
thus
be
used
measure
the
harmfulness
anthropogenic
disturbance.
However,
no
focused
on
bees.
Here,
we
sampled
honeybee
foragers
along
an
gradient
Metropolitan
City
Milan
(Italy)
measured
APN
activity.
After
briefly
characterizing
midgut
activity
under
different
pH
temperature
conditions,
found
that
was
lower
at
urban
sites
with
(Urban
Heat
Island
(UHI)
effect).
Furthermore,
increasing
proportion
meadows
(semi-natural
flowered
areas)
decreasing
parks
(managed
green
areas)—both
less
urbanized
sites—were
associated
Our
results
suggest
severe
may
cause
reduction
activity,
UHI
effect
alone
is
not
directly
involved.
Although
actual
urbanization-related
factors
driving
our
remain
unclear,
impoverishment
food
sources
play
role.
As
aminopeptidases
involved
pollen
digestion,
possible
impairment
capacity
honeybees
highly
areas.
Язык: Английский
Abelhas sem ferrão residentes em dois parques urbanos da cidade de São Paulo
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024
Stingless
bee
nests
of
two
urban
parks
in
the
city
São
Paulo
were
mapped
and
identified
to
survey
diversity
these
parks.Nest
characteristics
such
as
entrance
orientation
substrate
identification
(plant
genus
tree
diameter),
also
recorded
for
analysis.Parque
Estadual
Alberto
Lögfren-Horto
Florestal,
next
"Parque
da
Cantareira"
forest
reserve,
had
higher
stingless
community
than
Parque
Ibirapuera.Nests
more
common
on
larger
trees.About
nest
orientation,
entrances
preferably
built
facing
either
east
or
west,
avoiding
both
south
north
entrances.There
is
no
large
niche
overlap
nesting
interaction
webs.
Язык: Английский