Plant carotenoids: recent advances and future perspectives

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Abstract Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic organisms. essential for plants with diverse functions photosynthesis, photoprotection, pigmentation, phytohormone synthesis, and signaling. They also critically important humans as precursors of vitamin A synthesis dietary antioxidants. The vital roles carotenoids to have prompted significant progress toward our understanding carotenoid metabolism regulation. New regulators novel continuously revealed. This review focuses on current status highlights recent advances comprehension the intrinsic multi-dimensional regulation accumulation. We discuss functional evolution carotenoids, agricultural horticultural application, some key areas future research.

Язык: Английский

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Phytoene Synthase: The Key Rate-Limiting Enzyme of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022

Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the first committed step in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and is a major rate-limiting enzyme of carotenogenesis. PSY highly regulated by various regulators factors to modulate response diverse developmental environmental cues. Because its critical role controlling total amount synthesized carotenoids, has been extensively investigated engineered plant species. However, much remains be learned on multifaceted regulatory control catalytic efficiency for enrichment crops. Here, we present current knowledge basic biology, functional evolution, dynamic regulation, metabolic engineering PSY. We also discuss open questions gaps stimulate additional research this most studied gene/enzyme carotenogenic pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Sweet Potato as a Key Crop for Food Security under the Conditions of Global Climate Change: A Review

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(13), С. 2516 - 2516

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Sweet potato is one of the most economically important crops for addressing global food security and climate change issues, especially under conditions extensive agriculture, such as those found in developing countries. However, osmotic stress negatively impacts agronomic economic productivity sweet cultivation by inducing several morphological, physiological, biochemical changes. Plants employ many signaling pathways to respond water modifying their growth patterns, activating antioxidants, accumulating suitable solutes chaperones, making proteins. These metabolic, genetic modifications can be employed best indicators choosing drought-tolerant genotypes. The main objective breeding regions world, affected drought, obtain varieties that combine drought tolerance with high yields. In this regard, study physiological features certain implementation resistance measures. Adapted genotypes selected improved particular growing using tools tolerance-related selection criteria. By regulating genetics way, creation drought-resistant may become cost-effective smallholder farmers. This review focuses on mechanisms potato, effects its productivity, crop management strategies mitigation, traditional molecular methods tolerance, use biotechnological increase drought.

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive overview of omics-based approaches to enhance biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in sweet potato

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Biotic and abiotic stresses negatively affect the yield overall plant developmental process, thus causing substantial losses in global sweet potato production. To cope with stresses, has evolved numerous strategies to tackle ever-changing surroundings biological environmental conditions. The invention of modern sequencing technology latest data processing analysis instruments paved way integrate information from different approaches helps understand system biology more precisely. advancement omics technologies accumulated provided a great source at all levels (genome, transcript, protein, metabolite) under stressful These molecular tools facilitate us better plant's responses stress signaling help process/integrate encoded within plants. This review briefly addresses utilizing for deciphering adaptive mechanisms potatoes' biotic tolerance via functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics. also provides powerful reference complex, well-coordinated genetic regulatory networks comprehend phenotypic cellular/molecular level various stimuli, accelerating design stress-resilient engineering approaches.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR-Cas9 based molecular breeding in crop plants: a review

Molecular Biology Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Unlocking Opportunities and Overcoming Challenges in Genetically Engineered Biofortification

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 518 - 518

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Micronutrient deficiencies affect over three billion people globally; there is a particularly severe problem with iron and zinc nutrition in developing countries. While several strategies exist to combat these deficiencies, biofortification has emerged as powerful sustainable approach enhance the nutritional value of staple crops. This review examines recent advances crop their potential address global challenges. We present successful case studies including iron-enriched cassava, nutrient-enhanced tomatoes, omega-3-fortified oilseed crops, demonstrating diverse possibilities for improving outcomes. The integration novel plant-based protein production techniques further expanded opportunities nutrition. However, significant challenges remain, complex environmental interactions, regulatory considerations, sociocultural barriers adoption. Economic analyses suggest offers substantial return on investment, every dollar invested generating up seventeen dollars benefits through reduced disease burden. As food security intensify due climate change, biofortified crops represent crucial tool outcomes, low- middle-income conclude by examining emerging future directions this rapidly evolving field.

Язык: Английский

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Natural allelic variation of basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor 25 regulates carotenoid biosynthesis in sweet potato

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

Summary Carotenoid‐rich orange‐fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is an important staple diet and source of nutrition in developing countries, including Africa Asia. However, the regulation carotenoid biosynthesis remains to be better understood. A natural allelic variation closely linked was identified promoter region IbbHLH25 gene that encodes a basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor, by transcriptome haplotype analyses different flesh colour accessions. An 86‐bp deletion reduced white‐ yellow‐fleshed potatoes; however, absent OFSP. highly expressed storage roots carotenoid‐rich potato. The overexpression significantly increased contents (by 2.5‐fold–6.0‐fold) proportions, especially β‐carotene β‐cryptoxanthin; their 21.2‐fold–55.7‐fold 4.6‐fold–9.5‐fold, respectively, proportions 48.5% 13.0%, silencing had opposite effects. formed heterodimers with IbbHLH66 directly synergistically activate key genes IbGGPPS , IbLCYB IbBCH . 2.3‐fold–3.8‐fold) 15.2‐fold–25.6‐fold 3.1‐fold–5.1‐fold, 31.1% 9.6%, respectively. These findings expand our understanding bHLHs regulating suggest additional roles affecting component providing candidate for nutritional biofortification agricultural products.

Язык: Английский

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Overexpression of native ORANGE (OR) and OR mutant protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii enhances carotenoid and ABA accumulation and increases resistance to abiotic stress

Metabolic Engineering, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 68, С. 94 - 105

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2021

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology: a precise and efficient tool for crop quality improvement

Planta, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 258(2)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Plant Metabolic Engineering for Enhanced Nutrition and Food Security During Climate Uncertainty

Food and Energy Security, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In the face of climate change and increasing problem food security, plant metabolic engineering stands out as most promising approach for improving nutritional quality crops. Techniques used in metabolism innovations being made are helping to improve nutrient staple foods. Through this approach, scientists have been able increase content essential nutrients, such minerals, vitamins, fatty acids, amino help combat malnutrition dietary insufficiency many parts world today. The review highlights genetic biochemical strategies that can be employed management reprogramming pathways synthesize desired nutrients. This includes examples biofortified crops like rice, maize, potatoes, which genetically enhanced contain higher levels nutrients provitamin A, iron, folate. Furthermore, it examines application CRISPR/Cas9 other advanced gene‐editing tools precision breeding nutrition. Moreover, analyzes ensure withstand various environmental stresses exacerbated by change. Combining stress tolerance traits, particularly drought stress, with value is important grown under conditions. synthesizes recent research findings highlight potential enhancing crop It also emphasizes importance adopting multidisciplinary approaches address regulatory, economic, societal challenges field. addresses regulatory approval, public acceptance, ecological impacts. Ultimately, aims inspire further a means bridging gaps security global health well‐being rapidly changing world.

Язык: Английский

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