Serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51, С. 120 - 127

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Acute painful crises may be causes of sudden deaths in sickle cell diseases

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Background: Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are severe inflammatory processes on vascular endothelium, especially at the capillary level because system is actual distributor of hardened red blood cells (RBCs) into tissues. Methods: All cases with SCDs were included. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females similar mean ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Disseminated teeth losses (5.4% 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% cirrhosis (8.1% 1.8%, leg ulcers (19.8% 7.0%, digital clubbing (14.8% 6.6%, coronary heart disease (18.0% 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal (9.9% 6.1%, obstructive pulmonary (25.2% stroke (12.1% 7.5%, p<0.05) all higher in but not acute chest syndrome (2.7% 3.7%), hypertension (12.6% 11.7), deep venous thrombosis and/or varices telangiectasias (9.0% 6.6%), or age mortality (30.2 33.3 years) (p>0.05 for all). Conclusion: The RBCs-induced endothelial damage, inflammation, edema, fibrosis initiated birth, terminate disseminated tissue hypoxia multiorgan failures even childhood SCDs. Although RBCs supports corticosteroids phase aspirin plus hydroxyurea both phases decrease severity diseases, survivals still shortened genders, dramatically. Infections, medical surgical emergencies, emotional stresses-induced increased basal metabolic rate aggravates sickling may painful crises, failures, sudden deaths. Key words: deaths, atherosclerosis, aging

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress and COVID-19-associated neuronal dysfunction: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(8), С. 1153 - 1167

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus causes novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and there is a possible role for oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases associated with COVID-19. Excessive could be responsible thrombosis other neuronal dysfunctions observed This review discusses SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms involved. Furthermore, various therapeutics implicated treating COVID-19 that contributes to etiology pathogenesis COVID-19-induced dysfunction are discussed. Further mechanistic clinical research combat warranted understand exact mechanisms, its true effects need investigated minimize complications from

Язык: Английский

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The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning in Improving Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills in Medical Students: A Systematic Review of Fifteen Years’ Experience (2005-2019)

World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Background: An ongoing challenge for medical education in the twenty-first century is determining best method to foster problem-solving and critical thinking learners. These higher-order aptitudes help prepare doctors practice a rapidly evolving health system. In education, Problem-Based Learning (PBL) an instructional pedagogy which pupils are challenged seek answers authentic patient scenarios small groups. PBL techniques proposed as one enhance pupils’ learning abilities including problem-solving. Aim: This systematic review was conducted search evidence from past fifteen years of literature, demonstrating capability improve skills students. Review Question: Is there support problem solving students? Methods: The process through electronic databases on publications related impact PBL, particularly, two fundamental skills; restricted publicationsbetween January 1, 2005 December 31, 2019. Four were searched, namely; Medline, PubMed, EMBASE Scopus. Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) guidelines utilised guide way this conducted. Quality assessment performed rating evaluation methods included studies. employing five-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree 5= agree) each study relation three items; appropriateness design, implementation well data analysis. then mapped grade 1 (low) 5 (high), aligns with BEME strength findings. Results: Searching four aforementioned produced 657 publications, 249 duplicates. Therefore, 408 screened based their titles against inclusion exclusion criteria, leaving 86 articles screen abstracts. A further 9 manually obtained such that total 95 Forty-one met criteria full text review. Following review, twenty-nine excluded. twelve studies findings follows; only reviewed graded 5, 4, six 3. Of reviewed, five provided among Two these while Discussion: available limited claim improves students’ aptitudes. Only claim, remaining seven did not. assessed knowledge, comprehension, application domains, student perspectives. studies, where description either case-analysis tests or modified essay questions, not give actual indication measuring skills. Another describe written i.e. proxy questions purported measure skills, prevented use specified question. reported scores final significantly (p>0.05) compared initial assessment. Conclusion: There very little published over last supporting recent evidence. As such, investigations required legitimise claims Key words: Learning, Critical Thinking Problem-Solving Skills, Students

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Characteristics and Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Neonates in Korea

Infection and Chemotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(3), С. 346 - 346

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

There are limited data on the clinical characteristics and vertical transmission rate of pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection their neonates in Korea.Pregnant who tested positive for were retrospectively reviewed Asan Medical Center from September 1, 2020, to April 26, 2022. All infected underwent a polymerase chain reaction test corona virus within 24 hours birth at 48-hour interval if they stayed hospital.A total 60 gave by cesarean section (n = 40, 66.7%) or vaginal delivery 20, 33.3%). Among them, 3 twins. Delivery occurred, average, 38+2 weeks (± 2+0) gestational age, 9 patients (15.0%) had underlying diseases. Of these patients, received disease 2019 vaccinations. Pneumonia was confirmed chest radiograph 7 (11.7%), (3.3%) required supplemental oxygen therapy, both whom eventually recovered. The mean birthweight 3,137 g 557.6). Further, 8 (12.7%) low-birth weight (< 2,500 g), 11 (17.5%) preterm (<37 gestation). Apgar score median (8 - 9) 1 minute (9 9.5) 5 minutes. Four (6.3%) invasive mechanical ventilation. negative SARS-CoV-2 results. Therefore, there no 63 (0%, 95% confidence [CI]: 0 6).Pregnant Korean SARS-CoV-2-infection favorable obstetric outcomes, risk low. Managing risks during pandemic required.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and Pregnancy: A Dangerous Mix for Bone Turnover and Metabolism Biomarkers in Placenta and Colostrum

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 2124 - 2124

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024

Background: In pregnant women, COVID-19 can alter the metabolic environment, cell metabolism, and oxygen supply of trophoblastic cells and, therefore, have a negative influence on essential mechanisms fetal development. The purpose this study was to investigate, for first time, effects infection during pregnancy with regard bone turnover endocrine function several biomarkers in colostrum placenta. Methods: One hundred twenty-four mothers were recruited from three hospitals between June 2020 August 2021 assigned two groups: Control group group. Metabolism addressed placental tissue colostrum. Results: Lipocalin-2 resistin levels higher placenta, revealing an underlying pro-inflammatory status gestation period suffering COVID-19; decrease GLP-1 leptin also observed As adiponectin, resistin, insulin, their concentrations showed increase; GLP-1, leptin, PYY reported compared control Conclusions: turnover, samples lower OPG, while DKK-1 increased Colostrum SOST, PTH group, fact that could noteworthy implications energy skeletal development, postnatal density mineralization. Further research is needed explain pathogenic mechanism may affect pregnancy, so as assess short-term long-term outcomes infants’ health.

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin D Receptor—Interplay in COVID-19-Negative, -Infected, and -Vaccinated Women during Pregnancy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(20), С. 6140 - 6140

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024

The trophoblast is a significant source of vitamin D synthesis during pregnancy, with the literature suggesting its role in fetal growth. We aim to underline possible mechanism that would explain negative outcomes COVID-19-positive mothers by examining relationship between altered placental structure and function throphoblast cells' receptor levels.

Язык: Английский

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Maternal COVID-19 infection associated with offspring neurodevelopmental disorders

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Vitamin D Serum Levels in Pregnant Women Affected by COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(11), С. 2588 - 2588

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Vitamin D can modulate immune responses, and its deficiency is linked to increased autoimmunity susceptibility infection. In the general population, it has been observed that serum vitamin levels are connected with risk of COVID-19 severity. Our study aims examine reported findings on effect infection during pregnancy. PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Serum in COVID-19-positive COVID-19-negative pregnant women 24.61 ± 20.86 ng/mL 24.12 17.33 ng/mL, respectively. mild vs. moderate critical women, 16.71 9.04 10.7 9.37 severe non-severe 13.21 11.47 15.76 10.0 ng/mL. Only one placenta compared control results varied amounted 14.06 0.51 12.45 0.58 tends be common who have COVID-19, level this demonstrated a strong correlation severity illness. As correlate symptoms even occurrence, appropriate supplementation prenatal period suggested.

Язык: Английский

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Inhibition of IL-6 signaling prevents serum-induced umbilical cord artery dysfunction from patients with severe COVID-19

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 324(4), С. R435 - R445

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has a negative impact on the cytokine profile of pregnant women. Increased levels proinflammatory cytokines seem to be correlated with severity disease, in addition predisposing miscarriage or premature birth. Proinflammatory increase generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is unclear how interleukin-6 (IL-6) found circulation patients severe COVID-19 might affect gestational health, particularly concerning umbilical cord function. This study tested hypothesis that IL-6 present women causes artery dysfunction by increasing ROS and activating redox-sensitive proteins. Umbilical arteries were incubated serum from healthy COVID-19. Vascular function was assessed using concentration-effect curves serotonin presence absence pharmacological agents, such as tocilizumab (antibody against receptor), tiron (ROS scavenger), ML171 (Nox1 inhibitor), Y27632 (Rho kinase inhibitor). dihydroethidine probe Rho activity an enzymatic assay. exposed hyperreactive serotonin. effect abolished tocilizumab, tiron, ML171, Y27632. In addition, increased Nox1-dependent activity. tiron. Serum promote dysfunction. key Nox-linked vascular oxidative stress activation pathway.

Язык: Английский

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