Oxidative Stress–Induced Liver Damage and Remodeling of the Liver Vasculature

American Journal Of Pathology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 193(10), С. 1400 - 1414

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

As an organ critically important for targeting and clearing viruses, bacteria, other foreign material, the liver operates via immune-tolerant, anti-inflammatory mechanisms indispensable to immune response. Stress stress-induced factors disrupt homeostatic balance in liver, inflicting tissue damage, injury, remodeling. These include oxidative stress (OS) induced by viral infections, environmental toxins, drugs, alcohol, diet. A recurrent theme seen among stressors common multiple diseases is induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species expression, depletion ATP. Inflammatory signaling additionally exacerbates condition, generating a proinflammatory, immunosuppressive microenvironment activation apoptotic necrotic that integrity morphology. pathways initiate significantly contribute development steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, cancers. In addition, hypoxia OS directly enhance angiogenesis lymphangiogenesis chronic diseases. 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Язык: Английский

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The histopathological and functional consequences of microplastic exposure

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

As the production, usage, and disposal of plastics increase, microplastics generated—plastic particles smaller than 5 mm—increases, exacerbating environmental pollution. In turn, various organisms become increasingly exposed to contaminated environments, potentially affecting humans through food chain. Crucial findings from in vivo experiments indicate histopathological changes caused by impact morphology physiological function organisms. This study describes induced across circulatory, nervous, digestive, respiratory, reproductive systems explains associated functional alterations. Except nervous system, main morphological involve degenerative throughout body, such as apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis. Most were inflammatory responses microplastics, leading fibrosis subsequent impairments. Various studies confirm that stimulate cells, increased reactive oxygen species cell death. Consequently, these impair related systemic functions. review highlights fundamental organs cells due discusses limitations involving showing no changes.

Язык: Английский

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NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β pathway in type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis: Friend or foe?

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 173, С. 105885 - 105885

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Pharmacological properties, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of ginsenoside Rg3 as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022

Inflammation and oxidative stress lead to various acute or chronic diseases, including pneumonia, liver kidney injury, cardiovascular cerebrovascular metabolic cancer. Ginseng is a well-known widely used ethnic medicine in Asian countries, ginsenoside Rg3 saponin isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, notoginseng, quinquefolius L. This compound has wide range of pharmacological properties, antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, which have been evaluated disease models inflammation stress. can attenuate lung inflammation, prevent function damage, mitigate neuroinflammation, cerebral myocardial ischemia–reperfusion improve hypertension diabetes symptoms. The multitarget, multipathway mechanisms action gradually deciphered. review summarizes the existing knowledge on effects underlying molecular Rg3, suggesting that may be promising candidate drug for treatment diseases with inflammatory conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Dendrobine Alleviates Cellular Senescence and Osteoarthritis via the ROS/NF-κB Axis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2365 - 2365

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by low-grade inflammation and cartilage degradation. Dendrobine (DEN) reported to inhibit oxidative stress in some diseases, but its role chondrocyte senescence OA progress has not yet been elucidated. Our study aimed explore the protective effects of DEN on both vitro vivo. We found that inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation promoted ECM synthesis. Meanwhile, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors expression IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Furthermore, improved mitochondrial function reduced production intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Also, suppressed IL-1β-induced activation NF-κB pathway. Further, using NAC (ROS inhibitor), we might cascades reducing ROS. Additionally, X-ray, micro-CT, histological analyses vivo demonstrated significantly alleviated inflammation, degradation, subchondral alterations progression. In conclusion, inhibits SASP chondrocytes progression via ROS/NF-κB axis, which provides innovative strategies for treatment OA.

Язык: Английский

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Sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)/taxifolin nanofiber mat promoting diabetic wound healing by modulating the inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and skin flora

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 252, С. 126530 - 126530

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Kaempferol attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis by promoting ASIC1a degradation and suppression of the ASIC1a-mediated ERS

Phytomedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 121, С. 155125 - 155125

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Noninvasive assessment of organ-specific and shared pathways in multi-organ fibrosis using T1 mapping

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(6), С. 1749 - 1760

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Alleviation of liver fibrosis by inhibiting a non-canonical ATF4-regulated enhancer program in hepatic stellate cells

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Liver fibrosis is a critical liver disease that can progress to more severe manifestations, such as cirrhosis, yet no effective targeted therapies are available. Here, we identify ATF4, master transcription factor in ER stress response, promotes by facilitating response-independent epigenetic program hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Unlike its canonical role regulating UPR genes during stress, ATF4 activates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene under fibrogenic conditions. HSC-specific depletion of suppresses vivo. Mechanistically, TGFβ resets orchestrate unique enhancer for the transcriptional activation pro-fibrotic EMT genes. Analysis human data confirms strong correlation between HSC expression and progression. Importantly, small molecule inhibitor targeting translation effectively mitigates fibrosis. Together, our findings mechanism promoting reveal new opportunities treating this otherwise non-targetable disease. lacks treatments. This study reveals drives activating pharmacological inhibition reduces fibrosis, offering an opportunity therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Immune Checkpoints and the Immunology of Liver Fibrosis

Livers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 5 - 5

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

Liver fibrosis is a very complicated dynamic process where several immune cells are involved. Both innate and adaptive immunity implicated, their interplay always present. Multi-directional interactions between liver macrophages, hepatic stellate (HSCs), cells, cytokines important for the induction perpetuation of fibrosis. Detailed studies proteomics transcriptomics have produced new evidence role individual in cirrhosis. Most these controlled by various checkpoints whose main function to maintain homeostasis implicated cells. Recent indicates that involved In particular, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), death-ligand (PD-L1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) been investigated, particularly after availability checkpoint inhibitors. Their activation leads exhaustion CD4+ve CD8+ve promotion this review, current pathogenesis immunological abnormalities discussed. The recent data on involvement identified as possible targets future interventions.

Язык: Английский

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