Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Maize
(Zea
mays)
is
India's
third-largest
grain
crop,
serving
as
a
primary
food
source
for
at
least
30%
of
the
population
and
sustaining
900
million
impoverished
people
globally.
The
growing
human
has
led
to
an
increasing
demand
maize
grains.
However,
cultivation
faces
significant
challenges
due
variety
environmental
factors,
including
both
biotic
abiotic
stresses.
Abiotic
stresses
such
salinity,
extreme
temperatures,
drought,
along
with
factors
like
bacterial,
fungal,
viral
infections,
have
drastically
reduced
production
quality
worldwide.
interaction
between
these
complex;
instance,
stress
can
heighten
plant's
susceptibility
pathogens,
while
overabundance
pests
exacerbate
response
stress.
Given
complexity
interactions,
comprehensive
studies
are
crucial
understanding
how
simultaneous
presence
affects
crop
productivity.
Despite
importance
this
issue,
there
lack
data
on
combinations
impact
in
key
agricultural
regions.
This
review
focuses
developing
stress-tolerant
varieties,
which
will
be
essential
maintaining
yields
future.
One
promising
approach
involves
use
Plant
Growth-Promoting
Rhizobacteria
(PGPR),
soil
bacteria
that
colonize
rhizosphere
interact
plant
tissues.
Scientists
increasingly
exploring
microbial
strategies
enhance
maize's
resistance
Throughout
process,
insect
microorganisms
pose
threats
maize,
diminishing
quantity
grain.
Among
various
causing
degradation,
insects
most
prevalent,
followed
by
fungal
infections.
also
delves
into
latest
advancements
applying
beneficial
rhizobacteria
across
different
agroecosystems,
highlighting
current
trends
offering
insights
future
developments
under
normal
conditions.
Язык: Английский
Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Maintaining Sustainable Agroecosystems
Applied Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(1), С. 6 - 6
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025
Arbuscular
mycorrhizal
(AM)
fungi
play
a
crucial
role
in
maintaining
sustainable
agroecosystems
by
forming
mutualistic
relationships
with
plant
roots,
improving
soil
health,
facilitating
nutrient
uptake,
and
enhancing
resilience
to
abiotic
stresses.
The
relationship
between
AM
plants
promotes
balanced
microbial
community
improves
structure
stable
aggregates.
Additionally,
can
lower
the
adverse
effects
of
high
phosphorus
(P)
while
also
tolerance
drought,
salinity,
heavy
metal
toxicity
through
osmotic
regulation
antioxidant
production.
support
beneficial
microorganisms,
such
as
potassium
(K)-solubilizing
microbes
nitrogen
(N)-transforming
bacteria,
which
enhance
dynamics
soil.
However,
intensive
agricultural
practices,
including
tillage
continuous
monoculture,
disrupt
fungal
networks
reduce
diversity,
impairing
their
effectiveness.
Adopting
conservation
practices
reduced
tillage,
crop
rotation,
organic
amendments
supports
growth.
Incorporating
crops
utilizing
native
inoculants
colonization
These
strategies
collectively
bolster
productivity,
resilience,
offering
promising
solution
environmental
challenges
posed
farming.
By
promoting
growth
colonization,
achieve
long-term
productivity
increased
sustainability.
Язык: Английский
Mitigation of salinity stress in salt‐sensitive rice seedlings via phytohormone synthesis, antioxidant defence enhancement, and ion balance regulation induced by 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐producing purple non‐sulfur bacteria
Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Abstract
Salt
stress,
intensified
by
climate
change,
is
a
significant
threat
to
rice
production,
vital
staple
for
over
half
the
world's
population.
This
makes
addressing
salt
stress
in
cultivation
pressing
issue.
study
investigates
role
of
PNSB
as
biostimulant
enhancing
salinity
tolerance
salt‐sensitive
seedlings,
existing
gaps
knowledge
on
physiological
and
biochemical
impacts
under
saline
stress.
We
inoculated
seedlings
with
80
mmol
NaCl
controlled
environment.
After
5‐day
treatment,
we
conducted
analyses.
Salinity
induced
oxidative
seedlings.
However,
application
5‐ALA‐producing
mitigated
elevated
5‐ALA
shoots
23%,
roots
190.5%,
chlorophyll
content
105.0%.
treatment
also
reduced
superoxide
radicals
(O
2
•−
)
H
O
26.7%
38.7%,
respectively,
related
increased
activity
antioxidant
enzymes,
SOD
(142.9%)
APX
(41.8%).
led
lower
electrolyte
leakage
(25.2%)
MDA
(17.4%),
indicating
ROS.
Additionally,
proline
soluble
sugar
decreased
29.2%
72.5%,
respectively.
sodium
potassium
ion
both
(31.2%)
(27.4%)
salt‐stressed
These
findings
suggest
that
may
facilitate
nutrient
solubilization
balance,
thereby
mitigating
adverse
effects
salinity,
potential
implications
sustainable
agricultural
practices
improve
crop
yield
environments.
Future
research
should
focus
elucidating
specific
pathways
involved
PNSB‐mediated
exploring
their
across
diverse
species
varying
conditions.
Язык: Английский
Field application of beneficial microbes to ameliorate drought stress in maize
Plant and Soil,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025
Язык: Английский
CRISPR-Based Precision Plant Breeding: Enhancing Crop Improvement through Gene Editing and Plant-Microbe Interactions in Biotechnology
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025
Precision
plant
breeding
and
Crispr/cas
genome
editing
have
revolutionized
agricultural
biotechnology
opened
up
previously
unheard-of
opportunities
for
further
crop
improvement.
By
precisely
altering
genomes
through
the
use
of
cas/crispr
systems,
crops
with
beneficial
traits—like
increased
disease
resistance,
better
nutritional
value,
productivity—can
be
produced
more
quickly.
At
same
time,
improving
resilience
productivity
requires
an
understanding
how
microbes
or
plants
interact
one
another.
Plant
health
depends
on
microbial
populations,
which
influence
growth,
stress
tolerance,
resistance.
Gene
interactions
a
cooperative
relationship
that
has
potential
to
completely
transform
agriculture
by
enabling
innovative
sustainable
farming
practices.
Researchers
are
finding
new
strategies
grow
resilient,
resource-efficient,
high-performing
fusing
benefits
plant-microbe
crispr/cas
technology.
This
all-encompassing
strategy
seeks
solve
issues
posed
climate
change
growing
world
population
while
also
enhancing
food
security.
Язык: Английский
The combination of nanoparticles and endophytes boosts Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) resistance to drought stress by elevating levels of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and essential oils
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024
As
climate
change
and
water
scarcity
increasingly
threaten
agricultural
productivity,
enhancing
plant
resilience
to
drought
has
attracted
great
attention.
This
study
explored
the
potential
of
combining
Fe2O3
nanoparticles
(FeNPs),
endophytic
bacteria
(EB),
fungi
(EF)
boost
tolerance
in
Thymus
vulgaris.
The
research
aimed
assess
how
these
combined
treatments
affect
plant's
physiological
responses
chemical
composition
under
stress.
A
factorial
experiment
was
designed
using
completely
randomized
design
(CRD)
method,
incorporating
four
irrigation
levels
[100%,
75%,
50%,
25%
field
capacity
(FC)],
FeNPs
concentrations
(0,
0.5,
1,
1.5
mg
L−1),
three
endophyte
types
(control,
bacteria,
fungi).
After
extracting,
purifying,
identifying,
screening
EB
EF
from
nine
Lamiaceae
species,
endophytes
Azospirillum
lipoferum
Aspergillus
oryzae
isolated
Salvia
mirzayanii
exhibited
highest
resistance.
amounts
TFM
(45.45
g)
TDM
(21.56
were
obtained
combination
at
1
L−1
with
100%
FC.
At
FC,
treatment
increased
activities
polyphenol
oxidase
(PPO)
phenylalanine
ammonia-lyase
(PAL)
by
62.12%
18.23%
compared
control,
respectively.
In
addition,
optimal
humidity
conditions,
FeNP
higher
than
0.5
leading
a
decrease
PPO
activity.
content
total
phenols
observed
37.5%
increase
FeNPs,
while
flavonoids
showed
62.72%
mg/L
FeNPs.
level
p-coumaric
acid
(34.27%
control).
(1
L−1)
caffeic
thyme
plants
24.70%
10.08%,
inoculation
(11.9%)
ferulic
application
as
foliar
spray
decreased
plants.
essential
oil
percentage
FC
after
(0.5
resulting
significant
increases
14.7%
82.12%,
respectively,
control.
led
an
decreasing
dominant
compounds,
thymol,
carvacrol.
thymol
carvacrol
not
affected
interaction
effects
stress,
endophytes,
(1.5
caused
17.44%
29.87%
control
amount
13.75%
31.01%
All
acid,
PPO;
particles
act
abiotic
stressors
sub-toxic
become
phytotoxic
concentrations.
It
seems
that
promise
T.
These
have
significantly
contributed
production
enzymatic
antioxidants,
flavonoids,
phenolic
reduction
oxidants.
same
time,
they
improved
both
quality
quantity
oils.
highlights
importance
establishing
effective
antioxidant
system
response
environmental
stresses.
Язык: Английский
Editorial: The role of the microbiome in plant and soil health in a changing climate
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Язык: Английский
Rhizobacterial Isolates from the Native Plant Ceanothus velutinus Promote Growth in Two Genotypes of Tall Fescue
Microbiology Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(4), С. 2607 - 2618
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2024
Global
warming-induced
climate
change
haunts
the
world,
posing
a
critical
threat
to
plant
health
and
crop
production.
Overusing
chemical
fertilizers
pesticides
poses
significant
soil
health.
Ceanothus
velutinus
(snowbrush)
is
drought-tolerant,
actinorhizal
native
found
in
Intermountain
West
region
of
US
that
harbors
many
growth-promoting
rhizobacteria
(PGPR).
In
this
study,
we
evaluated
effects
PGPR
CK-06,
CK-22,
CK-44,
CK-50
from
C.
on
growth
development
two
tall
fescue
genotypes:
(i)
lawn-type
blend
(ii)
an
endophyte-free
forage-type
known
as
Armory.
Tall
plants
were
grown
field
sand
mix
pots
treated
twice
with
5
mL
bacterial
inoculum.
Two
isolates,
CK-06
significantly
increased
tiller
numbers
(p
<
0.05)
blend,
all
isolates
showed
increase
fresh
dry
weight
compared
control.
Isolate
CK-22
number
Armory
Isolates
CK-44
tested
positive
for
sulfur-oxidizing
properties,
was
able
restore
sulfur
content
sulfur-deficient
Язык: Английский