Effect of low-carbon paraffinic fuels on spray evolution under typical operating conditions for piston-engine aircrafts

Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

The evolution of the main macroscopic parameters that characterize spray formation for three different fuels is studied by means Schlieren visualization technique. annalized comprise a fossil diesel fuel, used as reference, and two neat low carbon liquid 100% paraffinic fuels: gas-to-liquid (GtL) hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). Additionally, paper exposes behavior autoignition injection pressures start energizing (SoE), prescribed thermodynamic variables inside engine cylinder. experimental results obtained at beginning process are compared with from known models penetration cone angle fuel under non-evaporative conditions. These conditions chosen to match those engines in surveillance light aircraft such small helicopters. This work presents important novelties: (i) application an automatic image analysis procedure (previously published) (ii) comparison fuels, regarding their effect on combustion. done complete replacement fuels. most following: i) Compared GtL Diesel HVO has shorter ignition delay. result could be attributed its higher cetane number. ii) However, tested cases, addition slightly longer also wider than other would collaborating development surface during lift off beyond. leads better air entrainment, and, consequence, produce additional shortening delay findings facilitate fine tuning modern technology progressive introduction mentioned unmanned helicopters surveillance.

Язык: Английский

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The Microstructure and Properties of Al–Mn–Cu–Zr Alloy after High-Energy Ball Milling and Hot-Press Sintering

Metals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 310 - 310

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

In the present research an Al–7.7%Mn–4.9%Zr–3.2%Cu (wt%) alloy was processed by mechanical alloying (MA) followed hot press sintering. The microstructure, phase composition, and properties of MA granules sintered samples were investigated. dissolution Mn, Zr, Cu with further precipitation Al6Mn observed during high-energy ball milling. without stearic acid after milling for ~10 h, Al-based solid solution ~4.9 wt%Zr, ~3.2 wt%Cu a ~5 wt%Mn grain size ~16 nm microhardness ~530 HV observed. addition facilitated Mn but led to formation ZrH2 that decreased Zr solute microhardness. Precipitation Al6Mn, L12–Al3Zr, Al2Cu phases annealing sintering in temperate range 350–375 °C observed, additional Al20Cu2Mn3 precipitated at 400–450 °C. Hot-press 450 provided low fraction cavities ~1.5%, yield strength 1100 MPa, ultimate compressive 1200 strain fracture 0.5% room temperature, 380 440 3.5% 350 microstructural evolution high-temperature deformation on sample surface studied differences behavior alloys different temperatures discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Emission Factors of Tyre Wear Particles Emitted by Light Road Vehicles in Real Driving Conditions: A New Challenge for Clean Road Transport to Improve Urban Air Quality

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(6), С. 665 - 665

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Non-exhaust road transport emissions in cities contribute to poor air quality and have an impact on human health. This paper presents a new study of particles emitted by tyre wear real driving conditions gives their emission factors. The most frequently were collected urban, suburban areas. They identified analysed physically chemically. Their level toxicity is well known. An overall analysis the measured pollutants was carried out assess factors situations. highest emitting pollutants, considered separately, found high values obtained exceed Euro standard for vehicles but are below those not equipped with particle filters. Significant test confirmed that inertia chemical homogeneous. Emission also been provided PM10 PM2.5. These results should emergence future regulations non-exhaust help analyse exposure-impact relationship from wear.

Язык: Английский

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Particulate and Gaseous Emissions from a Large Two-Stroke Slow-Speed Marine Engine Equipped with Open-Loop Scrubber under Real Sailing Conditions

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7), С. 845 - 845

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Particulate and gaseous emissions were studied from a large two-stroke slow-speed diesel engine equipped with an open-loop scrubber, installed on 78,200 metric tonnes (deadweight) containership, under real operation. This paper presents the on-board emission measurements conducted upstream downstream of scrubber heavy fuel oil (HFO) ultra-low sulfur (ULSFO). Particle examined various dilution ratios temperature conditions, two thermal treatment setups, involving thermodenuder (TD) catalytic stripper (CS). Our results show 75% SO2 reduction HFO to emission-compliant levels, while use ULSFO further decreased levels. The operation produced higher particle number levels compared engine-out, attributed condensational growth nanometer cores, salt formation sulfuric acid particles in smaller size range, induced by scrubber. TD CS eliminates volatiles but can generate new when used high-sulfur conditions. this study contribute generally limited understanding particulate performance scrubbers ships could feed into air quality models for estimating marine pollution impacts.

Язык: Английский

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DECARBONIZING A THAI COAL POWER PLANT: EFFECT OF FLUE GAS LOADS ON CARBON CAPTURE PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMICS

Applied Engineering Letters Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1), С. 12 - 21

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The objectives of this study are to evaluate the technical and cost implications retrofitting post-combustion Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) in existing coal-fired power plants Thailand, with a special focus on Mae Moh plant managed by Electricity Generating Authority Thailand (EGAT). We undertake detailed analysis using AspenPlus simulation models determine optimum capture per ton CO2 examine effects various flue gas loads performance cost-effectiveness. research reveals key operational insight: as flow rate increases, decreases, indicating economies scale CCS operations. Furthermore, explores potential for integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) technology renewable energy source, which shows promise lowering Thailand’s sector emissions costs. By comparing levelized electricity (LCOE) PV against conventional generation considering country’s favorable geographic climatic conditions, emerges an economically viable environmentally sustainable alternative. findings aim inform strategic policy decisions advocating transition more systems emphasizing balance between environmental responsibility economic feasibility.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Sustainable Mobility: Evaluating New Bicycle and Pedestrian Links to Car-Oriented Industrial Parks with ARAS-G MCDM Approach

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(7), С. 2994 - 2994

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

The aim of this research is to address the challenge transforming car-oriented industrial parks into pedestrian- and bicycle-friendly environments. Through implementation a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, study aims evaluate alternative pathway connections assess their potential impact on bicycle pedestrian traffic volumes. By enhancing connectivity cycling network, seeks demonstrate for substantial increases in walking within zones. This leverages framework, specifically ARAS-G method, integrates geographic information system analysis alongside Python scripting project future usage connections. underscores by augmenting network. findings hold practical significance urban planners zone developers, advocating holistic approach sustainable transportation. contributes comprehensive set criteria encompassing connectivity, safety, accessibility, efficiency, integration fabric, cost-effectiveness sustainability prioritize actions measures reestablishing zones as spaces.

Язык: Английский

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The Indirect Carbon Cost of E-Mobility for Select Countries Based on Grid Energy Mix Using Real-World Data

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(14), С. 5883 - 5883

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

Electric vehicles are considered by many as an emission-free or low-emission solution to meet the challenge of sustainable transportation. However, operational input, electrical energy, has associated cost, greenhouse gasses, which results in indirect emissions. Given this knowledge, we pose following question: “Are zero-emission transportation targets achievable given our current energy mix?” The objective article is assess impact a grid’s mix on emissions electric vehicle. study considers real-world data, vehicle usage data from vehicle, and carbon intensity for India, USA, France, Netherlands, Brazil, Germany, Poland. Linear programming-based optimization used compute best charging scenario each grids and, consequently, compared those high-efficiency 1.5 L diesel internal combustion engine vehicle: 2019 Renault Clio dCi 85. indicate that with low renewable penetration, such Poland India (Maharashtra), even when optimally charged, can be classified neither low- nor alternative normal thermal vehicles. Also, elevated levels variation their intensity, there significant potential reduce footprint related This provides perspective how performs face different mixes serves precursor development robust indicators determining reductions e-mobility transition.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of NOx Emission Characteristics in Hydrogen Engine Using an Ultra-Fast Crank Domain Measurement

Energies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(16), С. 4141 - 4141

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024

Adopting zero-carbon fuels, like hydrogen, can significantly reduce environmental harm and pave the way for a decarbonised trajectory with zero carbon emissions. The hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) technology has demonstrated its reliability capacity to seamlessly integrate into current ICE platform, originally designed diesel gasoline operation. direct utilisation of pure eradicates steady-state dioxide hydrocarbon It is important highlight that efforts comprehend comprehensively tackle NOx emissions are underway. A comprehensive study was carried out assess different injection modes from gasoline. involved varying relative air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) stoichiometric lean-burn limit in boosted spark ignition (SI) fuelled or hydrogen. fast analyser employed measure instantaneous NO NO2 exhaust. provides detailed analysis emissions, including averaged average crank angle domain distribution in-cylinder pressure analysis, as well time cycle analyses emissions’ temporal cyclic variations. primary discovery almost between lambda 2.75 3.7, produces 13.8% less than at Finally, full revealed consistency higher by using novel approach identifying coefficient variation emission each cycle.

Язык: Английский

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Agroecosystem Contamination with Heavy Metals Due to Road Transportation: A Global Threat to Safe Food Security

Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Refining Combustion Dynamics: Dissolved Hydrogen in Diesel Fuel within Turbulent-Flow Environments

Energies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(11), С. 2446 - 2446

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

This article presents the possibility of improving combustion using effect releasing hydrogen from a solution with nucleation gas bubbles. concept consists in dissolving diesel fuel until equilibrium state is reached. At later stage, phenomenon reversed, and this released during its injection into chamber strong swirl. A characteristic feature that when lowering pressure (opening atomizers), there decrease thermodynamic potential, which results excess, dissolved being spontaneously, process volumetric nature. continuation work carried out at Poznan University Technology on development concept. tests for impact within turbulent-flow environment. The were conducted an engine equipped toroidal direct injection. During tests, following factors measured: main indicators motor operation, emission hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matters.

Язык: Английский

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