Preserving blood-retinal barrier integrity: a path to retinal ganglion cell protection in glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy DOI Creative Commons

Lai-Yang Zhou,

Zhen-Gang Liu,

Sun Yong-quan

и другие.

Cell Regeneration, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the visual gateway of brain, with their axons converging to form optic nerve, making them most vulnerable target in diseases such as glaucoma and traumatic neuropathy (TON). In both diseases, disruption blood-retinal barrier(BRB) is considered an important mechanism that accelerates RGC degeneration hinders axon regeneration. The BRB consists inner barrier (iBRB) outer (oBRB), which maintained by endothelial cells(ECs), pericytes(PCs), retinal pigment epithelial (RPE), respectively. Their functions include regulating nutrient exchange, oxidative stress, immune microenvironment. However, TON, structural functional integrity severely damaged due mechanical inflammatory reactions, metabolic disorders. Emerging evidence highlights leads heightened vascular permeability, cell infiltration, sustained chronic inflammation, creating a hostile microenvironment for survival. Furthermore, dynamic interplay imbalance among ECs, PCs, glial within neurovascular unit (NVU) pivotal drivers destruction, exacerbating apoptosis limiting nerve intricate molecular cellular mechanisms underlying these processes underscore BRB's critical role TON pathophysiology while offering compelling foundation therapeutic strategies targeting repair stabilization. This review provides crucial insights lays robust groundwork advancing research on neural regeneration innovative protective strategies.

Язык: Английский

Preserving blood-retinal barrier integrity: a path to retinal ganglion cell protection in glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy DOI Creative Commons

Lai-Yang Zhou,

Zhen-Gang Liu,

Sun Yong-quan

и другие.

Cell Regeneration, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the visual gateway of brain, with their axons converging to form optic nerve, making them most vulnerable target in diseases such as glaucoma and traumatic neuropathy (TON). In both diseases, disruption blood-retinal barrier(BRB) is considered an important mechanism that accelerates RGC degeneration hinders axon regeneration. The BRB consists inner barrier (iBRB) outer (oBRB), which maintained by endothelial cells(ECs), pericytes(PCs), retinal pigment epithelial (RPE), respectively. Their functions include regulating nutrient exchange, oxidative stress, immune microenvironment. However, TON, structural functional integrity severely damaged due mechanical inflammatory reactions, metabolic disorders. Emerging evidence highlights leads heightened vascular permeability, cell infiltration, sustained chronic inflammation, creating a hostile microenvironment for survival. Furthermore, dynamic interplay imbalance among ECs, PCs, glial within neurovascular unit (NVU) pivotal drivers destruction, exacerbating apoptosis limiting nerve intricate molecular cellular mechanisms underlying these processes underscore BRB's critical role TON pathophysiology while offering compelling foundation therapeutic strategies targeting repair stabilization. This review provides crucial insights lays robust groundwork advancing research on neural regeneration innovative protective strategies.

Язык: Английский

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