Ageing Trajectories: Exposome-Driven Pathobiological Mechanisms and Implications for Prevention from Blue Zones and Italian Longevity Hotspots Such as Cilento and Sicilian Mountain Villages
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(10), С. 4796 - 4796
Опубликована: Май 16, 2025
Ageing
is
influenced
by
a
complex
interplay
of
genetic,
environmental,
and
lifestyle
factors,
with
increasing
evidence
highlighting
the
exposome
as
key
determinant
healthspan.
This
review
explores
impact
environmental
exposures,
focusing
in
particular
on
pollution,
endocrine
disruptors,
climate
change
development
age-related
diseases
such
cardiovascular
(CVDs),
cancer,
metabolic
disorders.
Additionally,
it
examines
protective
factors
that
contribute
to
healthy
ageing.
A
comprehensive
literature
was
conducted
using
PubMed,
Scopus,
Google
Scholar,
studies
published
between
2000
2025.
Findings
indicate
chronic
exposure
pollutants
accelerates
cellular
ageing
through
mechanisms
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
epigenetic
dysregulation.
In
contrast,
longevity
hotspots—Blue
Zones,
Cilento
mountain
villages
Sicily
(Sicani
Madonie
Mountains)—illustrate
how
traditional
dietary
patterns,
strong
social
structures,
reduced
toxicity
exceptional
health
longevity.
Mechanistically,
exposome-driven
alterations
immune-inflammatory
pathways
regulation
play
central
role
modulating
trajectories.
Understanding
these
interactions
essential
for
developing
targeted
strategies
mitigate
harmful
exposures
enhance
factors.
underscores
urgent
need
integrative
public
policies
address
determinants
ageing,
ultimately
promoting
longer
healthier
lifespan.
Язык: Английский
Mitochondria‐Nuclear Crosstalk: Orchestrating mtDNA Maintenance
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 26, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
mitochondria
(mt)
and
nucleus
engage
in
a
dynamic
bidirectional
communication
to
maintain
cellular
homeostasis,
regulating
energy
production,
stress
response,
cell
fate.
Anterograde
signaling
directs
mt
function,
while
retrograde
conveys
metabolic
stress‐related
changes
from
the
nucleus.
Central
this
crosstalk
is
mitochondrial
DNA
(mtDNA),
which
encodes
key
oxidative
phosphorylation
components.
MtDNA
integrity
preserved
through
quality
control
mechanisms,
including
fusion
fission
dynamics,
mitophagy,
nuclear‐encoded
repair.
Disruption
these
pathways
contributes
dysfunction,
stress,
genetic
instability—hallmarks
of
aging
diseases.
Additionally,
redox
NAD+
homeostasis
integrate
nuclear
responses,
modulating
transcriptional
programs
that
support
biogenesis
adaptation.
This
review
explores
molecular
mechanisms
coordinating
mito‐nuclear
interactions,
emphasizing
their
role
maintaining
mtDNA
equilibrium.
Understanding
processes
provides
insights
into
how
dysfunction
drives
disease,
paving
way
for
targeted
therapeutic
strategies.
Язык: Английский