Oxidative stress in the eye and its role in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 68, С. 102967 - 102967

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023

Oxidative stress occurs through an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms cells. The eye is particularly exposed to oxidative because its permanent exposure light due several structures having high metabolic activities. anterior part highly ultraviolet (UV) radiation possesses a complex system protect retina from UV radiation. posterior exhibits rates consumption leading subsequently production rate ROS. Furthermore, inflammation, aging, genetic factors, environmental pollution, are all elements promoting ROS impairing thereby representing risk factors stress. An abnormal redox status was shown be involved in pathophysiology various ocular diseases segment eye. In this review, we aim summarize provide updated understanding on pathogenesis common affecting surface, lens, retina, optic nerve. Moreover, discuss potential therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing context.

Язык: Английский

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Potential New Target for Dry Eye Disease—Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 422 - 422

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition affecting the ocular surface. It characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis and accompanied symptoms that may potentially result in damage to surface even vision loss. Unmodifiable risk factors for DED mainly include aging, hormonal changes, lifestyle issues such as reduced sleep duration, increased screen exposure, smoking, ethanol consumption. As its prevalence continues rise, has garnered considerable attention, prompting exploration potential new therapeutic targets. Recent studies have found when production ROS exceeds capacity antioxidant defense system on surface, oxidative stress ensues, leading cellular apoptosis further damage. These events can exacerbate inflammation responses, increasing levels promoting vicious cycle DED. Therefore, given central role reactive oxygen species DED, strategies involving antioxidants emerged novel approach treatment. This review aims enhance our understanding intricate relationship between thereby providing directions explore innovative approaches this complex disorder.

Язык: Английский

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Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and tomato‐based products. Like other phytochemicals, it exhibits health beneficial biological activities that can be exploited when used as dietary supplement. In vitro vivo , lycopene has been demonstrated to mitigate oxidative stress‐induced metabolic dysfunctions diseases including inflammation, obesity, diabetes mellitus. shown alleviate affect the bone, eye, kidney, liver, lungs, heart, nervous system. This review presents state of art regarding lycopene’s benefits its potential applications system delivery. Furthermore, protective effects against toxins, safety use, possible toxicity are explored.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in research on immunocyte iron metabolism, ferroptosis, and their regulatory roles in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases

Cell Death and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7)

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2024

Abstract Autoimmune diseases commonly affect various systems, but their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Currently, increasing research has highlighted the role of ferroptosis in immune regulation, with cells being a crucial component body’s system. This review provides an overview discusses relationship between ferroptosis, programmed cell death cells, autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it summarizes key targets such as GPX4 TFR, responses. Furthermore, release multiple molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), following by is examined, these molecules further influence differentiation function thereby affecting occurrence progression Moreover, secrete factors or metabolites, which also impact target organs tissues involved Iron chelators, chloroquine its derivatives, antioxidants, calreticulin have been demonstrated to be effective animal studies for certain diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effects. Finally, brief summary future perspectives on are provided, aiming guide disease treatment strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress and antioxidants in cataract development

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(1), С. 57 - 63

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023

Purpose of review Oxidative stress plays a central role in cataract pathogenesis, leading cause global blindness. This delves into the oxidative development and key biomarkers – glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) to clarify their functions potential applications predictive diagnostics therapies. Recent findings Antioxidants serve as pivotal markers pathogenesis. GSH affects lens due factors such enzyme depletion altered connexin expression, impairing diffusion. Age-related may hinder transport via channels or an internal microcirculation system. N-acetylcysteine, precursor, shows promise mitigating opacity when applied topically. Additionally, SOD, particularly SOD1, correlates with increased gel formulations have exhibited protective effects against posterior subscapular cataracts. Lastly, lipid peroxidation, MDA 4-HNE, been shown reflect disease severity. Studies suggest link between 4-HNE channel modification, possibly contributing reduced levels. Summary is significant contributor development, underscoring importance antioxidants diagnosis treatment. Notably, depletion, SOD decline, peroxidation are offering promising avenues for both therapeutic intervention.

Язык: Английский

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Galactose-Induced Cataracts in Rats: A Machine Learning Analysis

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(5), С. 1138 - 1149

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Background: Rat models are widely used to study cataracts due their cost-effectiveness and prominent physiological genetic similarities humans The objective of this was identify genes involved in cataractogenesis galactose exposure rats. Methods: We analyzed four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus, including both ex vivo different rat strains. Feature selection tools were potentially relevant cataract-related gene expression. A decision tree algorithm implemented, its predictions interpreted using SHAP LIME. To validate expression levels, PCR conducted on six lenses cultured M199 medium induce cataract alone. Results: Using feature tools, key genes-PLAGL2, CMTM7, PCYT1B, NR1D2-were identified. Only PCYT1B significantly differentially expressed between control groups across datasets. model showed strong predictive performance, particularly LIME analyses revealed that CMTM7 had largest impact predictions. results did not show significant differences groups. Conclusion: trained an dataset could predict despite no found Given a small number samples, larger studies needed our findings.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of the Ubiquitin System in Eye Diseases

Life, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 504 - 504

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is a fundamental process that regulates various biological functions, including immune response, cell cycle, oxidative stress, migration, and cellular proliferation. This responsible for the degradation of proteins, while proteasomes play significant role in mechanisms involved health human diseases. participation UPS response particularly relevant, leading to involvement immunoproteasomes. specialized proteasome processing presentation antigenic peptides, making it crucial proper function. Moreover, impact considered essential understanding several diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, infections, vascular dysregulation may contribute pathogenesis these conditions, highlighting its importance potential therapeutic target. Interestingly, also related ocular structures, playing visual perception homeostasis. regulation processes suggests on both anterior posterior eye pathologies. review aims discuss general considerations provide information about By disease, researchers clinicians explore novel strategies targeting treatment conditions. In conclusion, player processes, with far-reaching implications segments eye. Further research this field lead development innovative therapies better complex underlying disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Lactobacillus fermentum HY7302 Improves Dry Eye Symptoms in a Mouse Model of Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Eye Dysfunction and Human Conjunctiva Epithelial Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(12), С. 10378 - 10378

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

(1) We investigated the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum HY7302 (HY7302) in a mouse model benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced dry eye, and possibility using as food supplement for preventing eye. (2) The ocular surface Balb/c mice was exposed to 0.2% BAC 14 days induce eye (n = 8), control group treated with same amount saline 8). (1 × 109 CFU/kg/day, days, n 8) orally administered daily mice, omega-3 (200 mg/kg/day) used positive control. To understand mechanisms by which inhibits BAC-induced we performed an vitro study human conjunctival cell line (clone-1-5c-4). (3) probiotic improved decreases corneal fluorescein score tear break-up time. In addition, lactic acid bacteria increased production detached epithelium. Moreover, lowered increases reactive oxygen species regulated expression several apoptosis-related factors, including phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), activated caspase 3. Also, alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, also matrix metallopeptidase-9 line. (4) this study, showed that L. helps prevent disease regulating apoptotic could be new functional composition disease.

Язык: Английский

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Tear matrix metalloproteinases-9 and ocular surface parameters in diabetics: a cross-sectional study in Shenyang, China

BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. e087530 - e087530

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Background Overexpression of tear matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) on the ocular surface tissues has been reported to result in damage. MMP-9 levels tears have listed as one many tools for confirming dry eye disease (DED). Objective This investigation aimed compare and parameters diabetic patients with without DED. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China. Participants study recruited 144 right eyes between November December 2023, 110 similar propensity scores were included analyses. Main outcome measures Non-invasive breakup time (NITBUT), film lipid layer (TFLL), conjunctival hyperaemia (redness score (RS)), corneoconjunctival staining (CS), corneal sensitivity Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire evaluated. was measured using an immunochromatography assay. Results In total, 55 (55 eyes) grouped (DDE) non-dry (DNDE). The mean concentrations higher DDE than DNDE (70.63±52.06 ng/mL vs 33.98±33.93 ng/mL; p<0.001). optimal cut-off value predict DED was>52.5 ng/mL, 58.2% 78.2% specificity. Conclusions concentration DNDE. test is a potential diagnostic tool DDE. It may help follow-up guide clinicians deciding anti-inflammatory treatments these patients.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship Between Concurrent Preoperative Dry Eye Disease and Ascorbic Acid Levels and the Outcomes of Kerato-Lenticule Extraction Surgery

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence preoperative dry eye disease (DED) and ascorbic acid (AA) status on outcomes kerato-lenticule extraction (KLEx) surgery. postoperative included visual refractive parameters. A prospective, non-randomized controlled trial conducted, 68 patients who received KLEx surgery were included. These divided according their DED AA level, a total number 33, 19, 16 patients/eyes classified into non-DED, DED-high AA, DED-low groups, respectively. uncorrected distance acuity (UDVA), cycloplegia refraction, concentration determined before after Kruskal-Wallis test used among three groups. One week postoperatively, groups presented similar UDVA refraction values (all P > 0.05). month however, group demonstrated worse than non-DED (P = 0.012). After surgery, still had lowest level compared with other two (both < 0.05), decrease in largest High myopia related 0.034), high large optic zone (OZ) significantly correlated concurrent presence low baseline Additionally, population more risk factors for poor populations.

Язык: Английский

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