From Lab to Life: Exploring Cutting-Edge Models for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3), С. 613 - 613

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Neuroscience, neurology, and psychiatry are rapidly evolving fields that aim to understand the complex mechanisms underlying brain function dysfunction, as well develop effective interventions for various neurological psychiatric disorders [...]

Язык: Английский

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From Lab to Life: Exploring Cutting-Edge Models for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Delve into the dynamic realms of neuroscience, neurology, and psychiatry with this groundbreaking editorial, unveiling intricate mechanisms brain function dysfunction. Explore latest advancements in molecular biology, genetics, epigenetics, pharmacology, neuroimaging that are revolutionizing our understanding neurological psychiatric disorders. Uncover challenges gaps translating cutting-edge research practical clinical applications, aiming to enhance lives patients their families. Discover pivotal role neuroplasticity reshaping brain's adaptability throughout life, alongside promising potential non-invasive stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic direct current stimulation. Embark on a journey innovation collaboration as researchers clinicians strive bridge gap between bench bedside, offering hope for improved diagnosis, prevention, treatment complex conditions. Join us exploration transformative ideas novel interventions hold key brighter future individuals society.

Язык: Английский

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From CGRP to PACAP, VIP, and Beyond: Unraveling the Next Chapters in Migraine Treatment

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(22), С. 2649 - 2649

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder that can be debilitating for individuals and society. Current research focuses on finding effective analgesics management strategies migraines by targeting specific receptors neuropeptides. Nonetheless, newly approved calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have 50% responder rate ranging from 27 to 71.0%, whereas CGRP receptor inhibitors 56 71%. To address the need novel therapeutic targets, researchers are exploring potential of another secretin family peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), as ground-breaking treatment avenue migraine. Preclinical models revealed how PACAP affects trigeminal system, which implicated in headache disorders. Clinical studies demonstrated significance migraine pathophysiology; however, few clinical trials remain inconclusive: 1 mAb, AMG 301 showed no benefit prevention, while ligand Lu AG09222 significantly reduced number monthly days over placebo phase 2 trial. Meanwhile, vasoactive intestinal (VIP) gaining interest new target. In light recent advances research, we emphasize promising target treatment, highlighting member antimigraine armamentarium, especially patients who do not respond or contraindicated anti-CGRP therapies. By updating our knowledge its unique contribution pathophysiology, pave way reinforcing other peptides, including VIP, option migraines.

Язык: Английский

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Editorial: Case reports in neuroimaging and stimulation

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023

EDITORIAL article Front. Psychiatry, 02 August 2023Sec. Neuroimaging Volume 14 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1264669

Язык: Английский

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NADPH-oxidases as potential pharmacological targets for thrombosis and depression comorbidity

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 70, С. 103060 - 103060

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

There is a complex interrelationship between the nervous system and cardiovascular system. Comorbidities of diseases (CVD) with mental disorders, vice versa, are prevalent. Adults disorders such as anxiety depression have higher risk developing CVD, people CVD an increased being diagnosed disorders. Oxidative stress one many pathways associated pathophysiology brain disease. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) major generators reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammalian cells, it enzyme that specifically produces superoxide. This review summarizes recent findings on consequences NOX activation thrombosis depression. It also discusses therapeutic effects pharmacological strategies inhibitors A better comprehension these processes could facilitate development new approaches for prevention treatment comorbidity

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative and Excitatory Neurotoxic Stresses in CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Kynurenine Aminotransferase Knockout Mice: A Novel Model for Despair-Based Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Backgrounds: Memory and emotion are especially vulnerable to psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is linked disruptions in serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Over 90% of the 5-HT precursor tryptophan (Trp) metabolized via Trp-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway, generates a variety bioactive molecules. Dysregulation KYN metabolism, particularly low levels kynurenic acid (KYNA), appears be neuropsychiatric disorders. The majority KYNA produced by aadat (kat2) gene-encoded mitochondrial kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) isotype 2. Little known about consequences deleting enzyme gene. Methods: In CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout (kat2-/-) mice, we examined effects on emotion, memory, motor function, Trp its metabolite levels, activities plasma urine 8-week-old males compared wild-type mice. Results: Transgenic mice showed more depressive-like behaviors forced swim test, but not tail suspension, anxiety, or memory tests. They also had fewer center field corner entries, shorter walking distances, jumping counts open test. Plasma generally consistent with those urine: antioxidant KYNs, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, indole-3-acetic were lower; KATs, kynureninase, monoamine oxidase/aldehyde dehydrogenase lower, 3-monooxygenase was higher; oxidative excitotoxicity indices higher. displayed depression-like behavior learned helplessness model, emotional indifference, deficits, coupled decrease KYNA, shift metabolism toward KYN-3-hydroxykynurenine partial gut microbial Trp-indole pathway metabolite. Conclusions: This first evidence that gene induces uniquely experiences despair, appear associated excitatory neurotoxic stresses. may lead development double-hit preclinical model despair-based depression, better understanding these complex conditions, effective therapeutic strategies elucidating relationship between PTSD pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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From CGRP to PACAP: Unraveling the Next Chapter in Migraine Treatment

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder that can be debilitating for individuals and society. Current research focuses on finding effective analgesics management strategies migraines by targeting specific receptors neuropeptides. Nevertheless, the responder rates of recently approved calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) receptor inhibitors remain around 50 percent. To address need novel therapeutic targets, researchers are exploring potential another secretin family peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), as ground-breaking treatment avenue migraine. Preclinical models have revealed how PACAP affects trigeminal system, which implicated in headache disorders. Clinical studies demonstrated significance migraine pathophysiology; however, few clinical trials inconclusive: 1 mAb, AMG 301 showed no benefit prevention, while ligand Lu AG09222 significantly reduced number monthly days over placebo phase 2 trial. Meanwhile, vasoactive intestinal (VIP) gaining interest new target. In light recent advances research, we emphasize promising target treatment, highlighting member antimigraine armamentarium, especially patients who do not respond to or contraindicated anti-CGRP therapies. By updating our knowledge its unique contribution pathophysiology, pave way reinforcing other peptides, including VIP, option migraines.

Язык: Английский

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Ischemic Heart Disease as an Important Risk Factor for Depression—A Case Report

Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 1969 - 1969

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

The link between the mind and cardiac disease has been studied throughout ages. Patients diagnosed with ischemic heart may develop psychological psychiatric symptoms such as depressed mood, anxiety, insomnia that can drastically affect life quality. Unfortunately, during rehabilitation, there is a lack of care. To improve patient’s quality life, this intriguing relationship depression must be closely monitored, because risk factors pathophysiological mechanisms common. This case report article about 47-year-old Romanian woman acute coronary syndrome revascularized angioplasty stent implantation 3 months ago, admitted to Arad Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Psychiatric Department, depressive symptoms. Our patient was treated an antidepressant, anxiolytic, mood stabilizer, hypnotic, nootropic, aspirin, dual platelet inhibition, beta-blocker, converting enzyme inhibitor, statin, oral antidiabetics medication, well having psychotherapy sessions. treatment tolerated, improvement in social professional functionality patient. In conclusion, people have higher developing depression, but patients also disease. confirms importance individualized multidisciplinary approach management collaboration psychiatrists cardiologists additional benefit patients. pave way for further research into association disorders, which could provide significant advantages Interdisciplinarity contributes development innovative techniques prevention treatment, reducing worldwide morbidity mortality.

Язык: Английский

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The Connection Between Depression and Ischemic Heart Disease: Analyzing Demographic Characteristics, Risk Factors, Symptoms, and Treatment Approaches to Identify Their Relationship

Clinics and Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 2166 - 2186

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2024

This study investigates the association between depression and ischemic heart disease (IHD), conditions that often coexist complicate patient management. Understanding impact of demographic factors, risk symptoms, medical approaches in these patients is essential to develop effective clinical strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Heart–Brain Axis: A Narrative Review of the Interaction between Depression and Arrhythmia

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(8), С. 1719 - 1719

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Arrhythmias and depression are recognized as diseases of the heart brain, respectively, both major health threats that often co-occur with a bidirectional causal relationship. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) serves crucial component heart–brain axis (HBA) pathway interoception. Cardiac activity can influence emotional states through ascending interoceptive pathways, while psychological stress precipitate arrhythmias via ANS. However, HBA interoception frameworks considered overly broad, precise mechanisms underlying relationship between remain unclear. This narrative review aims to synthesize existing literature, focusing on pathological ANS in arrhythmia integrating other potential detail interactions. In communication we emphasize considering various internal factors such genes, personality traits, stress, endocrine system, inflammation, 5-hydroxytryptamine, behavioral factors. Current research employs multidisciplinary knowledge elucidate relationships, deeper understanding these interactions help optimize clinical treatment strategies. From broader perspective, this study emphasizes importance body complex, interconnected rather than treating organs isolation. Investigating enhance our disease pathogenesis advances medical science, ultimately improving human quality life.

Язык: Английский

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