The omics technologies and liquid biopsies: Advantages, limitations, applications

Medicine in Omics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100039 - 100039

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

Over the last few years, development of so-called omics technologies has greatly contributed to discovery new biomarkers and targets, embracing various fields from diagnostics therapy contributing meliorate advance precision personalized medicine. In addition classic omics, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, newer-generation their platforms, such as microbiomics nutrigenomics, are emerging. parallel, use liquid biopsies, optimal biological samples, consisting in fluids (i.e. blood, saliva, urine) easy collect, whose components (cells, nucleic acids, exosome) can be analysed using throughput techniques, is becoming an attractive, because enables extrapolation big data via multi-omics technologies. Here, we report a brief description discussion technologies, by evidencing applications eventual limitations.

Язык: Английский

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Neuroinflammation: A Critical Factor in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

This review offers a comprehensive of the signals and paramount role neuroinflammation plays in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The study explores sophisticated interactions between microglial, astrocytic, dendritic cells how affects long-term neuronal damage dysfunction. There are specific pathways related to mentioned inflammatory processes, including Janus kinases/signal transducer activator transcriptions, nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. Neuroinflammation is argued be double-edged sword, being not only protective agent that prevents further neuron but also causative factor more cell injury development. concept contrasting inflammation with neuroprotection advocates for use therapeutic techniques seek modulate neuroinflammatory responses part neurodegeneration treatment. recent research findings integrated established knowledge help present image neuroinflammation's impact on its implications future therapy.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-analyte proteomic analysis identifies blood-based neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular and synaptic biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Blood-based biomarkers are gaining grounds for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRDs). However, two key obstacles remain: lack methods multi-analyte assessments need pathophysiological processes like neuroinflammation, vascular, synaptic dysfunction. A novel proteomic method pre-selected analytes, based on proximity extension technology, was recently introduced. Referred to as NULISAseq CNS panel, assay simultaneously measures ~ 120 analytes neurodegenerative diseases, including those linked both core (i.e., tau amyloid-beta (Aβ)) non-core AD processes. This study aimed evaluate technical clinical performance this targeted panel.

Язык: Английский

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Focus of endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction in ischemic stroke and Alzheimer’s disease: Possible intervention strategies

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 99, С. 102362 - 102362

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Systematic analysis of molecules regulating nitric oxide (NO) metabolism and vascular endothelium condition

FARMAKOEKONOMIKA Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Background. Nitric monooxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that plays an important role in many physiological processes, including the regulation of vascular tone, neurotransmission, immunity, mitochondrial respiration, and skeletal muscle contractility. Certain molecules, which are micronutrients or active ingredients number drugs, improve biosynthesis secretion NO. Objective: systematization information on impact various molecules modulation NO levels normal pathological conditions. Material methods. An array all currently available publications fundamental clinical studies effects was studied. By query “nitric oxide” PubMed/MEDLINE database biomedical 198,480 articles were detected, by oxide AND endothelium” 27,869 found (with peak 2005). After loading this sample, systematic analysis these performed using topological metric approaches. Results. This paper presents results issue, allowed us to identify at least 123 that, one way another, modulate body. Molecules metabolism can be conditionally divided into four groups: (1) macro- micronutrients; (2) components natural extracts; (3) medicines; (4) affect nitric through reparation glycocalyx damage. Of above variety endothelium biosynthesis, sulodexide stands out (by its effect glycocalyx). Conclusion. The use (a mixture glycosaminoglycans with high degree pharmaceutical standardization) promising areas therapy for endothelial dysfunction restoration glycocalyx, accompanied biosynthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of inflammatory biomarker levels in neurodegenerative proteinopathies: a case-control study

Journal of Neural Transmission, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract While diagnostic criteria have been established and validated for most neurodegenerative diseases, the considerable overlap between individual nosological entities remains a significant challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that neurodegeneration is often initiated by inflammation within central nervous system. The identification of could serve as first signal pathophysiological process. As such, biological markers (“biomarkers”) neuroinflammation are critically important. This study aimed to assess presence levels inflammatory biomarkers in three diseases: Lewy body diseases (LBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), 4-repeat tauopathies (4RT). A total 83 LBD, 24 MSA, 31 4RT patients were included, with control subjects comparison. Six immune-related proteins analysed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood serum (serum): C3 complement, C4 haptoglobin, transferrin, orosomucoid, β2 microglobulin (β2M). ANCOVA statistical analysis revealed significantly lower several LBD (CSF: orosomucoid; Serum: β2M) MSA orosomucoid) compared controls. Significant differences also observed synucleinopathy patient groups (LBD MSA) complement. Additionally, CSF/serum quotients transferrin complement (LBD) disease relative These findings suggest processes may play role pathophysiology proteinopathies, warranting further research confirm these associations. potential would then represent promising step forward field.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral and molecular effects in Lymnaea stagnalis, an emerging model organism for translational neuroscience

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 152, С. 114418 - 114418

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Neuroinflammation and stress-induced pathophysiology in major depressive disorder: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental health conditions, characterized by pervasive and persistent low mood, self-esteem, a loss interest or pleasure in activities that are typically enjoyable. Despite decades research into etiology pathophysiological mechanisms depression, therapeutic outcomes for many individuals remain less than expected. A promising new area focuses on stress-induced neuroinflammatory processes, such as excessive activation crosstalk microglia astrocytes central nervous system under stress, well elevated levels pro-inflammatory cytokines, which closely linked to onset progression depression. This review summarizes through neuroinflammation induces promotes development also highlights effective roles small molecules with anti-inflammatory activity treatment MDD. Understanding specific further impacts using technologies single-cell RNA sequencing elucidate subtypes interactions great importance developing more strategies

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive impairment and vulnerability of cholinergic brain network in the Alzheimer’s continuum: free-water imaging based on diffusion tensor imaging

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Increased extracellular free water (FW) is considered to provide better pathophysiological information than conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. The cholinergic brain network a key hub for cognitive function, and microstructural changes detected by in this system may be associated with impairment Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the specific impact of FW on domains across AD continuum their diagnostic value remain unclear. Here, we investigated basal forebrain alterations based water-corrected healthy controls (n = 36), amnestic mild (aMCI; n 31), group 33). subregions were divided into Broca diagonal band (Ch1-3) Meynert nucleus (Ch4). performance was measured using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Additionally, evaluated fraction (FWf) within system. FWf bilateral Ch1-3 Ch4 regions increased age, significantly higher aMCI (p < 0.001). In AD, correlated total MoCA score (R -0.42, p 0.015), especially visual spatial/executive -0.47, 0.006) orientation deficits -0.38, 0.029). No significant correlations found group. ROC curve analysis showed that had high efficacy versus HC (AUC 0.958, 95% CI 0.909-1.00), moderate 0.795, 0.685-0.905) 0.719, 0.589-0.850). captures damage entire continuum. These occur early but selectively affect domain-specific cognition later stages possibly through dysfunction. Our results highlight potential as biomarker decline.

Язык: Английский

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sTREM2 and cerebral blood flow in White Matter Hyperintensity Patients: Associations with Cognitive Impairment

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are common neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and strongly associated with cognitive impairment. While hypoperfusion neuroinflammation recognized as major contributors to WMH pathology, the interplay between inflammatory biomarkers blood flow (CBF) remains poorly understood. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), a marker microglial activation, may play dual role in vascular dysfunction. Methods: A total 138 participants aged 50–80 years were enrolled, including 75 individuals group 63 healthy control (HC) group. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arterial spin labeling(ASL) for CBF quantification neuropsychological assessments. Serum sTREM2 levels measured. Group comparisons, logistic regression, partial correlation analyses performed explore associations among sTREM2, CBF, performance. Results: Compared HC group, serum significantly elevated (P = 0.036), gray matter(GM) was lower 0.038). Logistic regression identified (OR 1.041, P 0.006) age 1.081, 0.018) independent risk factors WMHs. Partial revealed positive association controls, but negative Additionally, GM positively correlated global scores (MMSE, MoCA) executive function (Stroop Test C) Conclusion: Our findings suggest that higher reduced brain perfusion be closely linked presence progression white decline. Notably, direction relationship appears vary by status, indicating possible shift from compensatory harmful inflammation. These results highlight clinical value combining identifying at vessel-related impairment provide useful targets early intervention monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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