Recent Research Trends in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 511 - 511

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic major health disorders. The exact mechanism of the neuroimmune dysfunctions these pathogeneses is currently not clearly understood. These show dysregulated inflammatory responses, activation neurons, glial cells, neurovascular unit damage associated with excessive release proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neurotoxic mediators, infiltration peripheral immune cells into brain, as well entry mediators through damaged endothelial blood–brain barrier tight junction proteins. Activation leads to many molecules that cause neuroinflammation neurodegeneration. Gulf War Illness (GWI) myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) also dysfunctions. Currently, there no effective disease-modifying therapeutic options available for diseases. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes, microglia, pericytes used models drug discovery. This review highlights certain recent trends in neuroinflammatory responses iPSC-derived applications

Язык: Английский

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Copper toxicity and deficiency: the vicious cycle at the core of protein aggregation in ALS

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

The pathophysiology of ALS involves many signs a disruption in copper homeostasis, with both excess free levels and functional deficiency likely occurring simultaneously. This is crucial, as important physiological functions are performed by cuproenzymes. While it unsurprising that symptoms related to deficiency, resulting vascular, antioxidant system mitochondrial oxidative respiration deficiencies, there also toxicity such ROS generation enhanced protein aggregation. We discuss how plays key role proteostasis interacts either directly or indirectly the aggregate-prone proteins implicated ALS, TDP-43, C9ORF72, SOD1 FUS well effect their aggregation on homeostasis. suggest loss cuproprotein function at core pathology, condition driven combination unbound can initiate and/or accelerate could trigger positive feedback cycle whereby aggregates other chain reaction eventually captures elements proteostatic mechanisms place counteract them. end result an abundance aggregated non-functional cuproproteins chaperones alongside depleted intracellular stores, general lack cuproenzyme function. then possible aetiology illustrate strong risk factors including environmental toxins BMAA heavy metals functionally behave promote disturb metabolism drives this vicious sporadic ALS. From synthesis, we propose restoration balance using delivery agents chaperones/chaperone mimetics, perhaps conjunction neuroprotective amino acid serine, promising strategy treatment incurable disease.

Язык: Английский

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The Current Potential Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Ferroptosis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment

Neurochemical Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(10), С. 2653 - 2667

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Structural and molecular characterization of astrocyte and vasculature connectivity in the mouse hippocampus and cortex

Glia, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 72(11), С. 2001 - 2021

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Abstract The relation of astrocytic endfeet to the vasculature plays a key functional role in neuro‐glia‐vasculature unit. We characterize spatial organization astrocytes and structural aspects that facilitate their involvement molecular exchanges. Using double transgenic mice, we performed co‐immunostaining, confocal microscopy, three‐dimensional digital segmentation investigate biophysical intricate endfoot network at micrometer level isocortex hippocampus. results showed hippocampal had smaller territories, reduced dimensions, fewer contacts with blood vessels compared those isocortex. Additionally, found both connexins 43 30 have higher density former is overexpressed relative latter. However, due limitations method, further studies are needed determine exact localization on endfoot. quantitative information obtained this study will be useful for modeling interactions vasculature.

Язык: Английский

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Induction of Neural Differentiation and Protection by a Novel Slow-Release Nanoparticle Estrogen Construct in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Neurochemical Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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