Epigenetics in evolution and adaptation to environmental challenges: pathways for disease prevention and treatment

Epigenomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 17

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Adaptation to challenging environmental conditions is crucial for the survival/fitness of all organisms. Alongside genetic mutations that provide adaptive potential during challenges, epigenetic modifications offer dynamic, reversible, and rapid mechanisms regulating gene expression in response changes both evolution daily life, without altering DNA sequences or relying on accidental favorable mutations. The widespread conservation diverse – like methylation, histone modifications, RNA interference across species, including plants underscores their significance evolutionary biology. Remarkably, environmentally induced alterations are passed daughter cells inherited transgenerationally through germline cells, shaping offspring phenotypes while preserving memory. Throughout anthropoid evolution, have played roles in: i) suppressing transposable elements viral genomes intruding into host genome; ii) inactivating one X chromosomes female balance dosage; iii) imprinting ensure from parental allele; iv) functional alleles compensate dysfunctional ones; v) modulating epigenome transcriptome influence gut microbiome among other functions. Understanding interplay between factors processes may valuable insights developmental plasticity, dynamics, disease susceptibility.

Язык: Английский

A Unified Pathogenic Hypothesis for Mental Disorders Based on Schismogenesis

Biosystems, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 105431 - 105431

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский