Medicina,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60(10), С. 1579 - 1579
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
Background
and
Objectives:
Pilocarpine
is
used
in
experimental
studies
for
testing
antiepileptic
drugs,
but
further
characterization
of
this
model
essential
its
usage
novel
drugs.
The
aim
our
study
was
to
the
behavioral
EEG
characteristics
acute
seizures
caused
by
different
doses
pilocarpine
rats.
Materials
Methods:
Male
Wistar
rats
were
treated
with
a
single
intraperitoneal
dose
100
mg/kg
(P100),
200
(P200),
or
300
(P300)
pilocarpine,
epileptiform
behavior
changes
followed
within
4
h.
Results:
intensity
duration
significantly
higher
P300
vs.
P200
P100
groups,
status
epilepticus
dominating
self-limiting
tonic–clonic
group.
seizure
grade
group
only
during
first
hour
after
application.
latency
shorter
compared
Conclusions:
(200
mg/kg)
can
be
as
suitable
initial
screening
potential
anti-seizure
medications,
while
at
mg/kg,
it
mechanisms
epileptogenesis.
Medicina,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
59(8), С. 1389 - 1389
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
Cenobamate
(CNB),
([(R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2H-tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl],
is
a
novel
tetrazole
alkyl
carbamate
derivative.
In
November
2019,
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
approved
Xcopri®,
marketed
by
SK
Life
Science
Inc.,
(Paramus,
NJ,
USA)
for
adult
focal
seizures.
The
European
Medicines
Agency
Ontozry®
Arvelle
Therapeutics
Netherlands
B.V.(Amsterdam,
Neatherlands)
in
March
2021.
medication
that
could
potentially
change
perspectives
regarding
management
prognosis
of
refractory
epilepsy.
this
way,
study
aims
to
review
literature
on
CNB's
pharmacological
properties,
pharmacokinetics,
efficacy,
safety.
CNB
highly
effective
drug
managing
onset
seizures,
with
more
than
twenty
percent
individuals
drug-resistant
epilepsy
achieving
seizure
freedom.
This
finding
remarkable
antiseizure
literature.
mechanism
action
still
poorly
understood,
but
it
associated
transient
persistent
sodium
currents
GABAergic
neurotransmission.
animal
studies,
showed
sustained
efficacy
potency
6
Hz
test
regardless
stimulus
intensity.
was
revealed
be
most
cost-effective
among
different
third-generation
medications.
Also,
have
neuroprotective
effects.
However,
there
are
concerns
its
potential
abuse
suicidality
risk,
which
future
studies
should
clearly
assess,
after
protocols
changed.
major
drawback
therapy
slow
complex
titration
maintenance
phases
preventing
wide
use
new
agent
clinical
practice.
Epilepsia,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
64(11), С. 2891 - 2908
Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023
Abstract
Despite
progress
in
the
development
of
anti‐seizure
medications
(ASMs),
one
third
people
with
epilepsy
have
drug‐resistant
(DRE).
The
working
definition
DRE,
proposed
by
International
League
Against
Epilepsy
(ILAE)
2010,
helped
identify
individuals
who
might
benefit
from
presurgical
evaluation
early
on.
As
incidence
DRE
remains
high,
TASK1
workgroup
on
ILAE/American
Society
(AES)
Joint
Translational
Task
Force
discussed
heterogeneity
and
complexity
its
presentation
mechanisms,
confounders
drawing
mechanistic
insights
when
testing
treatment
responses,
barriers
modeling
across
lifespan
translating
species.
We
propose
that
it
is
necessary
to
revisit
current
order
transform
preclinical
clinical
research
mechanisms
biomarkers,
novel,
effective,
precise,
pharmacologic
treatments,
allowing
for
earlier
recognition
drug
resistance
individualized
therapies.
eNeuro,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(2), С. ENEURO.0518 - 23.2024
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Biological
variation
is
ubiquitous
in
nature.
Despite
highly
standardized
breeding
and
husbandry
under
controlled
environmental
conditions,
phenotypic
diversity
exists
laboratory
mice
rats
just
as
it
does
humans.
The
resulting
inter-individual
variability
affects
various
characteristics
of
animal
disease
models,
including
the
responsiveness
to
drugs.
Thus,
common
practice
averaging
data
within
an
experimental
group
can
lead
misinterpretations
neuroscience
other
research
fields.
In
this
commentary,
impact
drug
illustrated
by
examples
from
testing
antiseizure
medications
rodent
temporal
lobe
epilepsy
models.
Individual
rendered
epileptic
treatment
according
protocols
fall
into
groups
that
either
do
or
not
respond
medications,
thus
mimicking
clinical
situation
patients
with
epilepsy.
Population
responses
are
normally
distributed,
divergent
responding
concealed
averages
subjected
parametric
statistical
tests.
Genetic,
epigenetic,
factors
believed
contribute
response
but
specific
molecular
physiological
causes
well
understood.
Being
aware
rodents
allows
improved
interpretation
both
behavioral
phenotypes
effects
a
pharmacological
experiment.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
20(3), С. e0318430 - e0318430
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Febrile
seizures
are
common
in
children
and
can
lead
to
neurological
deficits
like
motor
impairments,
memory
problems,
cognitive
decline.
Research
on
dimethyl
itaconate
aims
mitigate
these
effects
improve
the
quality
of
life
for
affected
people.
By
exploring
its
potential
as
a
protective
agent
against
oxidative
stress
during
seizures,
this
study
adult
male
rats
measures
activity
key
enzymes
related
behavioral
performance.
Pregnant
were
divided
into
control,
sham,
DMI,
febrile
seizure,
DMI
+
seizure
groups.
Seizure
severity
was
evaluated
through
threshold
frequency
measurements,
while
memory,
function,
balance
assessed
using
shuttle
box,
rotarod,
open
field,
wire
hanging
tests.
After
that,
hippocampus
tissue
removed
from
brain
levels
MDA,
SOD,
GSH,
TAC,
GR,
GPx,
catalase
measured
biochemical
methods.
Results
show
that
raised
reduced
tonic-clonic
seizures.
The
group
also
showed
improved
movement,
compared
(p
<
0.05
all
cases).
Overall,
decreased
outcomes
fever-affected
rats.
Epiliepsy currents/Epilepsy currents,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025
In
1885,
William
Gowers
proposed
that
epilepsy
is
a
progressive
disease,
based
on
clinical
evidence
before
any
effective
treatments
were
available.
His
long-standing
hypothesis
has
been
summarized
with
the
statement
“seizures
beget
seizures.”
Whether
this
case
and
related
questions
about
seizure-induced
modification
damage
of
brain
circuits
are
fundamental
importance
for
neurobiological
understanding
epilepsy,
development
treatment
strategies,
management,
prognostication.
Consensus
progression
remained
controversial.
Here,
we
critically
review
these
questions,
incorporating
perspectives
perceived
inconsistencies
in
past
studies,
potential
implications
recent
longitudinal
imaging
cognitive
emphasize
experimental
gaps
have
proved
challenging.
Answers
to
important
management
strategies
achieve
prompt
acute
control
seizures
prevention
their
recurrence
long-term
comorbidities.
Epilepsy & Behavior,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
155, С. 109796 - 109796
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024
BackgroundEpilepsy,
a
globally
prevalent
neurological
condition,
presents
distinct
challenges
in
management,
particularly
for
focal-onset
types.
This
study
aimed
at
addressing
the
current
and
perspectives
focal
epilepsy
with
focus
on
Italian
reality.MethodsUsing
Delphi
methodology,
this
research
collected
analyzed
level
of
consensus
panel
experts
key
aspects
care.
Areas
included
patient
flow,
treatment
pathways,
controlled
versus
uncontrolled
epilepsy,
follow-up
protocols,
relevance
patient-reported
outcomes
(PROs).
method
allowed
comprehensive
assessment
divergences
clinical
opinions
practices.ResultsThe
achieved
23
out
26
statements,
three
items
failing
to
reach
consensus.
There
was
strong
agreement
importance
timely
intervention,
individualized
plans,
regular
follow-ups
Epilepsy
Centers,
role
PROs
practice.
In
cases
there
clear
inclination
pursue
alternative
options
following
failure
two
previous
therapies.
Divergent
views
were
evident
inclusion
surgery
routine
necessity
EEG
evaluations
follow-ups.
Other
findings
concerns
about
lack
pediatric-specific
limiting
therapeutic
population,
insufficient
attention
transition
from
pediatric
adult
care,
need
improved
communication.
The
results
highlighted
complexities
managing
broad
care
aspects,
yet
notable
specific
management
approaches.ConclusionThe
offered
valuable
insights
into
state
epilepsy.
It
many
deficiencies
pathway
reality,
while
it
also
underscored
patient-centric
early
appropriate
approaches.
called
continued
research,
policy
development,
healthcare
system
improvements
enhance
highlighting
ongoing
tailored
solutions
evolving
field.
