Modulation of multiple sclerosis risk and pathogenesis by the gut microbiota: Complex interactions between host genetics, bacterial metabolism, and diet

Immunological Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 325(1), С. 131 - 151

Опубликована: Май 8, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, affecting nearly 2 million people worldwide. The etiology MS multifactorial: Approximately 30% risk genetic, which implies that remaining ~70% environmental, with a number factors proposed. One recently implicated factor for composition gut microbiome. Numerous case-control studies have identified changes in microbiota (pwMS) compared healthy control individuals, and more recent animal models begun to identify causative microbes underlying mechanisms. Here, we review some these mechanisms, specific focus on role host genetic variation, dietary inputs, microbial metabolism, particular emphasis short-chain fatty acid tryptophan metabolism. We put forward model where, individual genetically susceptible MS, diet can synergize as potent environmental modifiers possibly progression, diet-dependent metabolites serving key mechanism. also propose taxa may divergent effects individuals carrying distinct variants alleles or other polymorphisms, consequence gene-by-gut interactions. Finally, taxa, especially those exert their through metabolites, are highly dependent intake. What emerges complex multifaceted interaction has been challenging disentangle human studies, contributing divergence findings across heterogeneous cohorts differing geography, preferences, genetics. Nonetheless, this provides individualized, yet tractable, how regulate susceptibility potentially progression disease. Thus, conclude prophylactic therapeutic modulation microbiome prevent treat will require careful personalized consideration genetics, baseline composition, inputs.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis and animal models

FEBS Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease marked by host immune reaction that targets destroys the neuronal myelin sheath. MS correlating animal models show comorbidities, including intestinal barrier disruption alterations of commensal microbiome. It accepted diet plays crucial role in shaping microbiota composition overall gastrointestinal (GI) tract health, suggesting an interplay between nutrition neuroinflammation via gut‐brain axis. Unfortunately, poor health lead to modifications could significant responses host, inflammation neurobehavioral changes. Beneficial microbial metabolites are essential for homeostasis control. This review will highlight importance gut context inflammatory models. Additionally, community restoration how it affects GI integrity be discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Does Clostridium Perfringens Epsilon Toxin Mimic an Auto-Antigen Involved in Multiple Sclerosis?

Toxins, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1), С. 27 - 27

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated neurological disorder, characterized by progressive demyelination and neuronal cell loss in the central nervous system. Many possible causes of MS have been proposed, including genetic factors, environmental triggers, infectious agents. Recently, Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (ETX) has incriminated MS, based initially on isolation bacteria from patient, combined with an immunoreactivity to ETX. To investigate putative causative role ETX we analyzed pattern antibodies reacting using sensitive qualitative assay. This prospective observational study included one hundred patients relapsing remitting multiple (RRMS), all untreated, ninety matched healthy controls. By assessing isotypic serum concentration ETX-reacting antibodies, our shows predominant IgM response over IgG IgA antibody responses both controls, significantly higher levels compared control group. A longitudinal follow-up ETX-specific subgroup did not show any correlation disease evolution. Overall, these unexpected findings are compatible specific recognition patients. They rather argue for cross immunological reactivity antigen, possibly autoantigen, mimicking Thus, data against hypothesis causal relationship between C. MS.

Язык: Английский

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C16 peptide and angiopoietin-1 alleviate the side effects of glucocorticoids in a rat multiple sclerosis model

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 123402 - 123402

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Multi-omics Mendelian Randomization Reveals Immunometabolic Signatures of the Gut Microbiota in Optic Neuritis and the Potential Therapeutic Role of Vitamin B6

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition often linked to autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Despite its low incidence, ON can lead severe, irreversible visual impairment. Emerging evidence suggests the gut microbiota (GM) may influence through complex immune metabolic pathways, yet mechanisms remain underexplored. This study employed a multi-omics Mendelian randomization (MR) approach assess causal relationships between GM taxa ON. We analyzed data from extensive genetic profiling, examining effect 473 taxa, 731 cells/traits, 1400 metabolites, vitamin B6, Our methodology involved two-sample MR analysis establish causality mediation explore potential therapeutic strategies. identified 27 with direct relationship risk. Further highlighted three particularly strong associations. Mediation revealed specific pathways which these exert their effects, including notable interactions B6 metabolism, appeared mediate some of relationships. found that could be method by acting on in advances our understanding etiology highlights as target for The significant role new avenues prevention treatment, emphasizing need further research into diet-based interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiota-Driven Mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Strategies, and Biomarker Potential

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 435 - 435

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a well-known, chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) involving demyelination and neurodegeneration. Research previously conducted in area gut microbiome has highlighted it as critical contributor to MS pathogenesis. Changes commensal microbiota, or dysbiosis, have been shown affect immune homeostasis, leading elevated levels pro-inflammatory cytokines disruption gut–brain axis. In this review, we provide comprehensive overview interactions between microbiota MS, especially focusing on immunomodulatory actions such influencing T-cell balance control metabolites, e.g., short-chain fatty acids. Various microbial taxa (e.g., Prevotella Faecalibacterium) were suggested lay protective roles, whereas Akkermansia muciniphila was associated with disease aggravation. Interventions including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT), dietary therapies normalize suppress inflammation are proven improve clinical benefits patients. Alterations represent opportunities for identifying biomarkers early diagnosis, progression treatment response monitoring. Further studies need be potentially address interplay genetic predispositions, environmental cues, composition get precise mechanisms axis MS. conclusion, plays role pathogenesis offers potential novel therapeutic approaches, providing promising avenue improving outcomes management.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of dance classes on motor and cognitive functions and gut microbiota composition in multiple sclerosis patients: Randomized controlled trial

European Journal of Sport Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(8), С. 1186 - 1196

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Abstract Evidence suggests that multiple sclerosis (MS) induces a decline in motor and cognitive function provokes shift gut microbiome composition patients. Therefore, the aim of study was to explore effect dance classes on functions microbiota MS In this randomized controlled trial, 36 patients were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group ( n = 18) passive control 18). Supervised rock roll sports performed for 12 weeks at frequency times week. Before after intervention, fecal samples taken assessments completed. Fecal categorized using primers targeting V3–V4 region 16S rDNA. Our results revealed significant differences mobility performance (T25‐FWT), attention working memory (TMT B), finger dexterity (9‐HPT) within group. Furthermore, we reported favorable shifts microbial communities (an increase Blautia stercoris decrease Ruminococcus torques ) conclusion, our trial effects 12‐week found improvements functions, with further moderate influence composition.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship between gut microbiota and multiple sclerosis: a scientometric visual analysis from 2010 to 2023

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Background Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and multiple sclerosis(MS), highlighting significant role of GM in MS. However, there is a lack systematic Scientometric analyses published this specific research area to provide an overall understanding current status. Methods Perform scientometric analysis on conducted 2010 2023 concerning link MS using quantitative visual software (CiteSpace VOSviewer.) Results From January 1, 2010, December 31, 2023, total 1019 records about were retrieved. The number publications exhibited consistent upward trend annually. United States led publications, showed strongest level collaboration among countries. University California, San Francisco stands as top institution terms output, most prolific cited authors Lloyd H. Kasper Javier Ochoa-Reparaz from USA. field primarily centers investigating alterations associations or EAE, molecular immunological mechanisms, potential GM-based interventions beneficial effects EAE. Keywords co-occurrence network reveals five primary directions field. frequently occurring keywords are inflammation, probiotics, diet, dysbiosis, tryptophan. In recent years, neurodegeneration neuropsychiatric disorders been prominent, indicating that investigation mechanisms practical applications has emerged focus. Moreover, progressively extending into realm neurodegenerative psychiatric diseases, potentially becoming future hotspots. Conclusions This study revealed data-driven comprehension over past 13 highlighted noteworthy within field, provided us with clear status trends, providing valuable reference for researchers venturing domain.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics as Potential Treatments for Neurodegenerative Diseases: a Review of the Evidence from in vivo to Clinical Trial

Biomolecules & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), characterized by the progressive deterioration of structure and function nervous system, represent a significant global health challenge.Emerging research suggests that gut microbiota plays critical role in regulating neurodegeneration via modulation gut-brain axis.Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms confer benefits to host, have garnered attention owing their therapeutic potential NDDs.This review examines current trends related microbiome-gut-brain axis across various NDDs, highlighting key findings implications.Additionally, effects specific probiotic strains, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium breve, rhamnosus, on neurodegenerative processes were assessed, focusing benefits.Overall, this emphasizes probiotics promising agents for underscoring importance further investigation into emerging field.

Язык: Английский

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Case report: Identification of Hepatitis B Virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and successful treatment with ofatumumab and inebilizumab

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system primarily affecting optic nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem. Viral infection may trigger NMOSD. Here, we report case 34-year-old female presenting with range symptoms including nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, choking, fatigue unsteady gait, diplopia, hearing loss, left-sided facial paralysis, breathing difficulties, hoarseness voice. Her HBV DNA concentration, as determined by quantitative PCR analysis, exceeded 5×10

Язык: Английский

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