Mycotoxins in Cheese: Assessing Risks, Fungal Contaminants, and Control Strategies for Food Safety

Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 351 - 351

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

According to the scientific information reviewed, cheese is highly susceptible contamination by mycotoxin-producing fungi, primarily species from genera Aspergillus (A. niger, A. flavus) and Penicillium (P. commune, P. solitum, palitans, crustosum). Studies on various types of made cow’s milk report an average concentration Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) at 13,000 ng kg−1, which alarming since regulatory limits for AFM1 in range 250 500 kg−1. For instance, set Codex Alimentarius, European Commission (EC), Turkey, Iran are In Netherlands, limit 200 Italy, it 450 However, mycotoxins frequently exceeds these limits, including critical such as ochratoxin A, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, pose significant global health concerns. Therefore, this study aims review mycobiota responsible producing key assess influence physicochemical factors fungal growth mycotoxin production. By incorporating control strategies hygiene practices, pasteurization, use preservatives, seeks improve methodologies production chain mitigate fungi mycotoxins.

Язык: Английский

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Adsorption Isotherm Analysis for Hybrid Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Gold-Decorated Nanoparticles Suitable for Reliable Quantification of Gluconic Acid in Wine

Nanomaterials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 211 - 211

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

A class of hybrid molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) comprising the in situ formation gold (AuNPs) immobilised a D-gluconate polymer has been designed with objective attempting electrochemical quantification gluconic acid (GA) wine setting. The polymers were synthesised presence AuNP precursors pre-polymerisation mixture, which confined to one another during polymerisation chains. This allowed electroactive responsive (hybrid AuNPs@GA-nanoMIP), exhibited enhanced electron conductivity. morphological characterisation produced nanoMIPs revealed fully decorated Au spherical surface 200 nm diameter. resulted large active area distribution, as well pronounced peak response at commercial screen-printed platinum electrode (SPPtE), accompanied by kinetics. AuNPs@GA-nanoMIP sensor demonstrated ability detect broad range GA concentrations (0.025–5 mg/mL) exceptional selectivity and reproducibility. calibration curves fitted different isotherm models, such Langmuir, Freundlich Langmuir–Freundlich functions. Moreover, efficacy detection method was recovery rates observed real samples Italian red wine. research contributes development robust reliable for on-site determination food analysis.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in Biosensor Technologies for Meat Production Chain

Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 744 - 744

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Biosensors are innovative and cost-effective analytical devices that integrate biological recognition elements (bioreceptors) with transducers to detect specific substances (biomolecules), providing a high sensitivity specificity for the rapid accurate point-of-care (POC) quantitative detection of selected biomolecules. In meat production chain, their application has gained attention due increasing demand enhanced food safety, quality assurance, fraud detection, regulatory compliance. can foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli/STEC, L. monocytogenes, etc.), spoilage bacteria indicators, contaminants (pesticides, dioxins, mycotoxins), antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance genes, hormones (growth promoters stress hormones), metabolites (acute-phase proteins as inflammation markers) at different modules along from livestock farming packaging in farm-to-fork (F2F) continuum. By real-time data biosensors enable early interventions, reducing health risks (foodborne outbreaks) associated contaminated meat/meat products or sub-standard products. Recent advancements micro- nanotechnology, microfluidics, wireless communication have further sensitivity, specificity, portability, automation biosensors, making them suitable on-site field applications. The integration blockchain Internet Things (IoT) systems allows acquired management, while artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) enables processing, analytics, input risk assessment by competent authorities. This promotes transparency traceability within fostering consumer trust industry accountability. Despite biosensors' promising potential, challenges such scalability, reliability complexity matrices, approval still main challenges. review provides broad overview most relevant aspects current state-of-the-art development, challenges, opportunities prospective applications regular use safety monitoring, clarifying perspectives.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in mycotoxin detection techniques and the crucial role of reference material in ensuring food safety. A review

Food and Chemical Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 115387 - 115387

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, pose a significant threat to food safety and human health. The occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities necessitates accurate reliable detection methods. Advanced techniques, such as chromatographic techniques immunochemical assays, have improved sensitivity specificity. However, the lack standardized reference material, particularly less privileged countries, hinders method validation proficiency testing, ultimately affecting mycotoxin testing regulation. Moreover, these are complex they require specialized equipment, well-trained personnel, thus limiting their practical applications. This comprehensive review provides an up-to-date overview recent advancements It examines crucial role standards materials for ensuring results analysis agriculture commodities. addresses emerging challenges, knowledge gaps, future research directions material development. By synthesizing existing literature, this aims provide valuable resources researchers, policymakers, other stakeholders safety, highlighting importance integrated approaches mitigate contamination safety.

Язык: Английский

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Metal-Organic Frameworks: An Overview of a Possible Solution for Modern Agriculture

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 113609 - 113609

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Aptasensor for the Detection of Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Mycotoxins

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(17), С. 9534 - 9534

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

The quality of food is one the emergent points worldwide. Many microorganisms produce toxins that are harmful for human and animal health. In particular, mycotoxins from Fusarium fungi strictly controlled in cereals. Simple robust biosensors necessary ‘in field’ control crops processed products. Nucleic acid-based sensors (aptasensors) offer a new era point-of-care devices with excellent stability limits detection variety analytes. Here we report development surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based aptasensor T-2 deoxynivalenol wheat grains. was able to detect as low 0.17% pathogen portable devices, inexpensive SERS substrate, short analysis time encourage further implementation aptasensors outside highly equipped laboratories.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in zearalenone clean-up approaches from polluted food and feed: A mini-review of the State-of-the-art developments

Microchemical Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 207, С. 112182 - 112182

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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