Pre-Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents and Teens: Screening, Nutritional Interventions, Beta-Cell Preservation, and Psychosocial Impacts

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 383 - 383

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a progressive autoimmune disease often identified in childhood or adolescence, with early stages detectable through pre-diabetic markers such as autoantibodies and subclinical beta-cell dysfunction. The identification of the pre-T1D stage critical for preventing complications, diabetic ketoacidosis, enabling timely interventions that may alter progression. This review examines multifaceted approach to managing T1D risk adolescents teens, emphasizing detection, nutritional interventions, preservation strategies, psychosocial support. Screening T1D-associated offers predictive insight into risk, particularly when combined education family resources promote lifestyle adjustments. Although alone are not capable T1D, certain weight management specific choices, have shown potential preserve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, mitigate metabolic strain. Pharmacological including immune-modulating drugs like teplizumab, alongside emerging regenerative cell-based therapies, offer delay onset by protecting function. social psychological impacts diagnosis also significant, affecting adolescents' quality life, dynamics, mental health. Supportive counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), group support, recommended emotional burden pre-diabetes. Future directions call integrating universal targeted screening programs within schools primary care, advancing research nutrition promoting policies enhance access preventive resources. Advocacy insurance coverage screening, health services crucial support families risk. By addressing these areas, healthcare systems can intervention, improve preservation, overall well-being at T1D.

Язык: Английский

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Towards a clinically actionable, electronic health record-based machine learning model to forecast 90-day change in hemoglobin A1c in youth with type 1 diabetes: Feasibility and model development study (Preprint)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Clinicians currently lack an effective means for identifying youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who are at risk experiencing glycemic deterioration between clinic visits. As a result, their ability to identify may optimally benefit from targeted interventions designed address rising levels is limited. Although electronic health records (EHR)-based predictions have been used forecast some outcomes in T1D, no study has investigated the potential using EHR data T1D will experience clinically significant rise HbA1c ≥0.3% (~3 mmol/mol) We evaluated feasibility of routinely collected develop machine learning model predict 90-day unit-change (in % units) (ages 10-17) T1D. assessed our model's augment clinical decision-making by percent change cut-point that optimized identification would HbA1c. From cohort 2,757 received care network pediatric clinics Midwestern United States (January 2012-August 2017), we identified 1,743 9,643 observation windows (i.e., 2 measurements separated 70-110 days, approximating time interval routine visits). up 5 years youths' longitudinal transform 17,466 features (demographics, laboratory results, vital signs, anthropometric measures, medications, diagnosis codes, procedure and free text data) training. performed three-fold cross-validation train random forest regression models HbA1c(%). Across all 3 folds model, average root mean squared error was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.85-0.90). Predicted HbA1c(%) strongly correlated true (r=0.79; 95% 0.78-0.80). The top 10 impacting included postal code, various metrics related HbA1c, frequency code indicating difficulty treatment engagement. At threshold mmol/mol), positive predictive value (PPV) 60.3%, 1.5-fold enrichment (relative observed experienced this outcome [40.7%]). Model sensitivity PPV improved when thresholds significance smaller changes whereas specificity negative required larger Routinely can be create ML predicting visits among Future work focus on optimizing performance validating additional cohorts other clinics.

Язык: Английский

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Emotional Contagion Among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Their Primary Caregivers: Benefits of Psychological Support for Family Systems in Pilot Study

Children, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(2), С. 151 - 151

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Background. T1DM is a significant chronic condition that necessitates regular medical monitoring, dietary and physical activity supervision, daily blood glucose monitoring insulin therapy. The management of this disease the transition to adolescence often have psychosocial impact on individual their family. Objective. objective correlational study was examine reciprocal influence between adolescents caregivers, with particular focus beneficial effect receiving psychological support sessions from family members in pilot study. Methods. An indicator variable developed facilitate an analysis changes occurring prior to, as well following, administration treatment question. Family caregivers received two therapy sessions, we analyzed perceived caregiver stress. Adolescents had five reduction emotional distress studied them. Results. sample comprised 15 adolescent–family dyads. All parents were mothers adolescents, mean age 47.67 13.47 years, respectively. Descriptive statistics Spearman correlations conducted. Following completion counseling data revealed positive correlation global stress experienced by adolescent’s distress, coefficients 0.74 0.61, Furthermore, relationship observed existing difficulties role adjustment among diabetic youth, 0.72 0.57. frequency also correlated adolescent coefficient 0.60. Conclusions. findings provide evidence for circularity systems change. A contagion improvements during family’s T1DM, reported children who sessions.

Язык: Английский

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Long‐term use of Minimed™ 780G in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes under real‐world conditions: The benefits of optimal settings

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Glycemic Control for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple Daily Injections: A Customized Decision Support System Based on Patients Adherence

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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From Guidelines to Lifelines—An Ethnographic Study of How Diabetes Management Is Emplotted During Clinical Encounters with Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 374 - 374

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Background/Objectives: Working with young adults T1D in outpatients clinic entails achieving a delicate balance between maintaining trust and improving diabetes management. By looking at the interactions healthcare professionals as narrative emplotment, this article seeks to investigate how illness narratives are part of actively worked on consultations. Methods: Based ethnographic observations fourteen consultations 18-23 years age, three strategies promote better management among were identified: (1) replacing sub-optimal practice technology, (2) encouraging enhanced autonomy, (3) setting realistic standards for care. Each strategy works create meaningful explanation experienced challenges, formingas basis improved self-management. Results: Consultations found space where meaning living an can be discussed patients. Conclusions: Looking is negotiated important aspect understanding daily made practicable, especially when working who constituting their identities often live glycaemic control.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Supporting Glycemic Control Among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(5), С. 496 - 496

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Background/Objectives: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has emerged as an important tool for the improvement of glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, its use not been greatly explored among adolescents special physiological and psychosocial challenges. This study evaluated role CGM supporting high-risk T1D Saudi Arabia. Methods: retrospective observational was conducted 73 aged 12-19 baseline HbA1c ≥ 9% treated at King Khalid University Hospital Riyadh, Data were extracted from electronic health records over a three-month period. The levels before after analyzed using paired t-tests. In addition, analyses included studying correlations regression models assessing associations between changes patient characteristics. Results: Mean significantly reduced 9.48 ± 2.22% to 9.06 1.91% following three months CGM, average decrease -0.42 1.37%, p = 0.011. Changes did correlate various factors interest: age, gender, body mass index, disease duration, insulin type. Within specified timeframe, 54.8% patients reported hypoglycemia, 38.4% diabetic ketoacidosis. Conclusions: resulted small but statistically significant T1D. Given such results, these findings highlight need larger, long-term trials optimize this vulnerable population, particularly through integrating advanced features (e.g., predictive alarms) structured education programs reduce hypoglycemia DKA risks. Effective integration daily management may lead better clinical outcomes improved quality life adolescents.

Язык: Английский

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Global Burden of Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents, 1990–2021: Trends, Disparities, and Future Projections

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(5), С. 892 - 892

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

Thyroid cancer is a rising concern in children and adolescents, with unique biological behaviors compared to adults. This study aimed explore the epidemiological trends, pathological features, regional disparities of thyroid this population using data from Global Burden Disease (GBD) 2021. Data on incidence mortality 1990 2021 were extracted for individuals under 20 years old. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated evaluate temporal trends. Sociodemographic Index (SDI) applied assess variations. Future trends projected Bayesian age-period-cohort model. From 2021, global adolescents increased significantly, an EAPC 1.17%. Low-SDI regions exhibited highest rise (EAPC: 2.19%), while high-SDI experienced slight decline -0.69%). Mortality decreased globally -0.27%), notable reductions high- middle-SDI but stable or increasing rates low-SDI regions. Females consistently higher across all SDI levels, males showed rates. projections suggest steady through 2050. persistent highlight need targeted public health interventions. Regions low socioeconomic development require prioritized strategies address growing burden. These findings provide crucial insights early diagnosis, treatment optimization, policy formulation.

Язык: Английский

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Self-Management Among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Bridging Pubertal Changes and Endotype Based Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 41(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The intersection of puberty with the onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents unique pathogenic, clinical and psychosocial challenges, necessitating nuanced management strategies that account for developmental changes disease's heterogeneity. distinction between pre‐pubertal (T1DE1) pubertal (T1DE2) T1D underscores need tailored approaches to monitoring therapy during this critical period. Patients, severe β ‐cell loss heightened metabolic demands puberty, require more intensive glycaemic screening growth delays disruptions. Meanwhile, patients, though benefiting from relatively preserved function, still face risks insulin resistance comorbidities such as obesity demand vigilant individualised interventions. Key actionable recommendations include implementing systematic protocols impairment, menstrual abnormalities, early markers microvascular complications. Advanced technologies continuous glucose monitors automated delivery systems reduce burden before warrant robust investigation. integration behavioural interventions enhance self‐regulation family‐centred care into routine can yield valuable insights improving adherence control.

Язык: Английский

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