Effects of Vitamin D, Melatonin, and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Periodontal Health: A Narrative Review

Dentistry Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 178 - 178

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2025

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of tooth-supporting structures, influenced immune system dysregulation, oxidative stress, and imbalances in bone metabolism. Given its multifactorial pathogenesis, bioactive compounds such as vitamin D, melatonin, omega-3 fatty acids have emerged potential adjuncts to periodontal therapy due their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative properties. This narrative review explores role these three supplements health, synergistic effects, existing research gaps, providing foundation for future studies on clinical applications. Vitamin D essential calcium homeostasis, remodeling, function. It modulates both innate adaptive responses, enhancing antimicrobial peptide production reducing cytokine expression. Omega-3 reduce pro-inflammatory eicosanoids while promoting synthesis pro-resolving lipid mediators, contributing preservation balance. Melatonin, known antioxidant osteogenic properties, supports remodeling stimulating osteoblast proliferation inhibiting osteoclast activity, also regulating circadian rhythms, which may influence oral health. Although show promising effects preclinical studies, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding optimal dosages, long-term efficacy, combined use, standardized treatment protocols. Further trials are necessary elucidate therapeutic value management, especially those focused mechanisms. Understanding mechanisms open new avenues adjunctive strategies therapy.

Язык: Английский

Training modalities for elder sarcopenic obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a condition characterized by the coexistence of age-related and sarcopenia. This systematic review network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare effects different training modalities, such as aerobic (AT), resistance (RT), combined with AT (CT), multicomponent (MCT) on body composition, muscle strength, physical performance in elderly patients SO. We electronically searched randomized controlled trials, published from inception March 2024 PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web Science Scopus. Effect estimates were presented mean differences (MD) or Standard Mean Difference (SMD) 95% confidence interval (CI). The comprehensive all treatments ranked surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probabilities. 14 trials enrolling 955 participants included. fat percentage (BFP) MCT (MD= -6.37, CI: -8.67, -4.07), CT (MD = -2.08, -4.00, -0.16), RT -1.85, -3.25, -0.44) was significantly lower than normal control group, showing superior compared RT. Furthermore, only improved fat-free mass (FFM; MD 5.21, CI:1.51, 8.91), well index (BMI; 0.74, CI:0.08, 1.40). In addition, handgrip strength (HGS) both (SMD 0.87, 0.19, 1.5) RT(SMD 0.84, 0.43, 1.25). 30s chair stand test also yielded better outcomes for 3.10, 1.33, 4 0.86), CT(MD 2 0.50, 0.18, 5.18), RT(MD 3.91, 2.30, 5.52) when group. Lastly, gait speed enhanced 0.35, 0.30, 0.41) 0.14, 0.06, 0.21). results indicated that other modalities enhancing composition speed. contrast, appears be more advantageous 30-second standing improving HGS. outperformed beneficial These findings provide valuable insights clinicians researchers customize exercise prescriptions older http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42024544962.

Язык: Английский