Processes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3), С. 766 - 766

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Citrus fruit production generates substantial by-products, primarily from juice processing, which represent significant environmental and economic challenges. However, these residues, rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, essential oils, enzymes, offer an untapped resource for biotechnological applications. This review explores the potential of citrus by-products as substrates enzyme production, focusing on key industrial enzymes such cellulases, pectinases, xylanases, ligninases, lipases, proteases. Various microbial strains have demonstrated ability to convert residues into high-value through solid-state submerged fermentation. The optimization fermentation conditions—including temperature, pH, moisture content, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio—further enhances enzymatic yields. valorization waste aligns with circular economy principles, reducing impacts while supporting sustainable bioproduct development food, biofuel, pharmaceutical, textile industries. Future research should focus scaling up using improve feasibility advance biorefineries.

Язык: Английский