Energies,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(1), С. 15 - 15
Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024
The
growing
challenges
of
climate
change,
the
depletion
fossil
fuel
reserves,
and
urgent
need
for
carbon-neutral
energy
solutions
have
intensified
focus
on
renewable
energy.
In
this
perspective,
generation
green
hydrogen
from
sources
like
biogas/landfill
gas
(LFG)
offers
an
intriguing
option,
providing
dual
benefits
a
sustainable
supply
enhanced
waste
management
through
innovation
valorization.
Thus,
review
explores
production
biogas/LFG
four
conventional
reforming
processes,
specifically
dry
methane
(DMR),
steam
(SMR),
partial
oxidation
(POX),
autothermal
(ATR),
focusing
their
mechanisms,
operating
parameters,
role
catalysts
in
production.
This
further
delves
into
both
environmental
aspects,
GWP
(CO2
eq·kg−1
H2)
emissions,
economic
aspects
these
examining
efficiency
impact.
Additionally,
also
purification
its
integration
CO2
capture,
utilization,
storage
roadmap
net-negative
emissions.
Lastly,
highlights
future
research
directions,
improving
SMR
DMR
technologies
simulation
modeling
to
enhance
efficiency,
thereby
advancing
understanding
informing
policy
initiatives
solutions.
Abstract
Hydrogen
energy
is
essential
to
establishing
a
sustainable
and
reliable
system.
The
continuously
growing
demand
for
hydrogen
driven
by
the
challenges
associated
with
greenhouse
gas
emissions
resource
depletion.
This
paper
investigates
summarizes
some
intriguing
production
processes
that
have
evolved
from
laboratory
stages
mature
commercial
applications.
analysis
of
techno-economic,
environmental
effects
investment
trends
these
are
included.
Currently,
dominantly
produced
methods
fossil
fuels
as
feed.
These
technology
relatively
account
majority
world's
production,
around
99%.
However,
results
in
significant
carbon
emissions.
Around
1400
million
tons
dioxide
emitted
into
atmosphere.
To
achieve
neutral
strategy,
hydrocarbon
needs
become
clean.
Equipping
capture,
utilization,
storage
system
promising
way
reduce
In
addition,
schemes
zero
like
electrolytic
photocatalysis
attracting
increasing
attention.
survey
suggest
price
addition
capture
equipment
ranges
1.47
6.04
USD/kg,
which
higher
than
value
without
additional
facility
(1.03–2.08
USD/kg).
introduction
tax
expected
narrow
cost
gap
between
two.
Besides,
electrolysis
remains
expensive
(6.25–12.2
USD/kg),
depending
on
source
cell
equipment.
high-pressure
autothermal
reforming
technique
coupled
powered
renewable
favored
global
investment.
Finally,
key
opportunities
clean
discussed
this
paper.
More
attention
should
be
paid
catalyst
blockage
or
deactivation
fuel
production.
For
new
zero-carbon
method,
designing
efficient,
economical
catalysts
materials
its
large-scale
application.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Upgrading
of
biogas
and
biomethane
into
H2-rich
streams
by
steam
reforming
is
regarded
as
an
effective
strategy
to
reduce
fossil
fuel
consumption
contributing
the
transition
towards
a
green
energy
system.
In
this
context,
novel
reactor
configurations
such
membrane
reactors
appear
promising
route
for
process
intensification,
but
they
require
catalysts
more
active
at
low
temperatures,
stable,
resistant
coke
formation.
work,
we
prepared
tested
structured
characterized
Ni
content
(7
wt%)
very
Ru
(≤1
supported
on
ceria
deposed
onto
SiC
monoliths.
Catalysts
were
temperatures
(<600
°C),
i.e.
suitable
applications
in
Pd-based
reactors.
Fresh
used
ICP-MS,
N2
physisorption,
XRD,
TEM,
SEM-EDS,
XPS
H2-TPR
identify
physicochemical
properties
affecting
catalytic
activity.
The
showed
good
activity
methane
reforming,
stable
performance,
resistance
Ruthenium
affects
both
intrinsic
inhibiting
effect
reaction
rate.
This
related
improved
redox
due
intimacy
between
metals
their
strong-metal-support-interaction
with
ceria.
Finally,
our
show
self-activation
under
conditions,
which
interesting
property
applications.
