Energy use and decarbonisation of the water sector: a comprehensive review of issues, approaches, and technological options
Environmental Technology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1), С. 40 - 68
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
Water
and
wastewater
infrastructure
is
a
major
energy
consumer
an
important
source
of
global
greenhouse
gas
emissions:
on
average,
10.6
kg
CO2/m3
water
consumed.
The
European
Environment
Agency
in
2019
estimated
these
emissions
from
treatment
operations
Europe
alone
at
over
25
MtCO2eq.
Increased
demand
(in
terms
volumes
quality)
the
sector
raises
expectations
future
increases
if
appropriate
measures
will
not
be
undertaken.
Many
companies
utilities
associations
have
been
or
are
developing
plans
to
achieve
net
zero
industry-wide
basis
by
2050,
some
cut
50%
last
ten
years.
About
half
energy-related
facilities
could
significantly
abated
applying
existing
technologies,
close
95%
this
objective
achieved
negative
cost
with
proper
innovation
strategies.
This
paper
examines
discusses
issues,
possibilities,
technologies
that
considered
planning
reduction
WW-related
GHG
holistic
view
entire
sector,
based
recent
literature
review.
Язык: Английский
Anaerobic sludge digestion enhancement with bioelectrochemical and electrically conductive materials augmentation: A state of the art review
Chemosphere,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
372, С. 144101 - 144101
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
Excess
biological
sludge
processing
and
disposal
have
a
significant
impact
on
the
energy
balance
economics
of
wastewater
treatment
operations,
receiving
environments.
Anaerobic
digestion
is
probably
most
widespread
in-plant
method
globally,
since
it
stabilizes
converts
biosolids
organic
matter
into
biogas,
allowing
partial
recovery
their
embedded
chemical
energy.
A
considerable
number
studies
concerning
applicable
techniques
to
improve
biogas
production,
both
in
quantity
quality,
include
pre-treatment
strategies
promote
disintegration
aimed
at
release
solubilisation
intracellular
compounds,
inorganic/biological
amendments
improving
process
performance,
thermal
pre-treatment.
As
for
in-process
amendments,
iron,
micro
macro-nutrients,
ashes
from
waste
incineration
nanoparticles
addition
been
studied
improvement
enzymatic
reactions.
Recently,
use
electrically
conductive
materials
has
credited
with
possibility
accelerate
stabilize
conversion
substrates
methane.
The
increasing
generation
its
relative
biomethane
content
by
interfacing
anaerobic
bioelectrochemical
systems
was
also
postulated.
This
review
addresses
research
gap
surrounding
integration
novel
technologies,
particularly
systems,
enhance
production
methane
enrichment.
While
existing
focus
feasibility,
mechanisms,
benefits
such
remain
underexplored.
By
critically
evaluating
current
state
art,
this
identifies
potential
stability,
while
highlighting
key
challenges
needs
advancing
these
technologies
toward
practical
implementation.
Язык: Английский
Microplastics in the urban water cycle: A critical analysis of issues and of possible (needed?) solutions
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
954, С. 176580 - 176580
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2024
Язык: Английский
Real-Time Simulation of Clear Sky Background Radiation in Gas Infrared Remote Sensing Monitoring
Photonics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(10), С. 904 - 904
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
During
the
process
of
infrared
remote
sensing
monitoring,
obtaining
real-time
measurements
sky
background
radiation
is
extremely
inconvenient.
The
current
methods
incur
a
certain
amount
lag.
In
this
study,
within
existing
theoretical
framework,
fast
transmittance
calculation
method
using
interpolation
was
adopted,
and
simplified
transmission
model
established.
This
led
to
development
new
for
rapid
temperature
humidity
retrieval.
Compared
line-by-line
integration
method,
significantly
improves
speed
by
several
tens
times,
while
maintaining
high
level
accuracy.
relative
deviation
between
results
obtained
those
through
less
than
1
‱.
With
proposed
profile
information
can
be
retrieved
from
measured
spectra
5
min
corresponding
obtained.
differences
calculated
are
smaller,
making
it
more
suitable
calculating
radiation.
Additionally,
retrieval
profiles
in
lower
atmosphere
have
accuracy
(the
mean
2
K).
Язык: Английский