Development of an Integrated Indicator for Assessing Management Impacts on Soil Quality: A Case Study in Organic Viticulture
Environmental and Sustainability Indicators,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 100732 - 100732
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Environmental Implication of Herbicide Use
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(24), С. 5965 - 5965
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
One
of
the
guiding
principles
sustainable
use
herbicides
is
their
targeted
action
exclusively
against
weeds,
consisting
blocking
photosynthesis
and
synthesis
amino
acids
growth
regulators.
Herbicides
are
major
elements
plant
production,
indispensable
to
functioning
modern
agriculture.
Nevertheless,
influence
on
all
natural
environment
needs
be
continuously
controlled.
This
review
article
summarizes
research
addressing
effects
changes
they
trigger
therein.
Herbicides,
applied
protect
crops
weed
infestation,
usually
mixtures
various
active
substances;
hence,
it
generally
difficult
analyze
impact
organisms.
Nonetheless,
an
attempt
was
made
in
this
discuss
selected
individual
(water,
soil,
air)
organisms
(humans,
animals,
plants,
microorganisms).
In
addition,
presents
examples
biodegradation
mechanisms
degradation
by
bacteria
fungi.
Based
information,
can
concluded
that
uncontrolled
has
led
adverse
non-target
organisms,
as
documented
scientific
literature.
However,
further
environmental
these
chemicals
needed
address
missing
knowledge
subject.
Язык: Английский
Sublethal Effects Induced by a Cyflumetofen Formulation on Honeybee Apis mellifera L. Workers: Assessment of Midgut, Hypopharyngeal Glands, and Fat Body Integrity
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(11), С. 2455 - 2465
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
Worldwide,
both
cultivated
and
wild
plants
are
pollinated
by
the
honey
bee,
Apis
mellifera.
Bee
numbers
declining
as
a
result
of
variety
factors,
including
increased
pesticide
use.
Cyflumetofen
controls
pest
mites
in
some
plantations
bees,
which
may
be
contaminated
with
residual
sublethal
concentrations
this
pesticide,
nectar
pollen.
We
evaluated
effects
concentration
cyflumetofen
formulation
on
midgut,
hypopharyngeal
gland,
fat
body
A.
mellifera
workers
orally
exposed
for
72
h
or
10
days.
The
midgut
epithelium
treated
bees
presented
digestive
cells
cytoplasm
vacuoles
cell
fragmentation,
indicating
autophagy
death.
After
being
to
h,
showed
higher
injury
rate
than
control
but
after
days,
organs
had
recovered.
In
gland
end
apparatus
was
filled
secretion,
suggesting
that
acaricide
interferes
secretory
regulation
gland.
Histochemical
tests
revealed
differences
exposure
periods
glands.
caused
cytotoxic
cells,
apical
protrusions,
plasma
membrane
rupture,
several
cytoplasm,
features
degeneration.
glands
small
electron-dense
large
electron-lucent
granules.
no
changes
comparison
bees.
conclusion,
at
causes
damage
compromise
functions
these
colony
fitness.
Environ
Toxicol
Chem
2024;43:2455-2465.
©
2024
SETAC.
Язык: Английский
The Ecotoxicity of Pesticides Used in Conventional Apple and Grapevine Production in Austria Is Much Higher for Honeybees, Birds and Earthworms than Nature-Based Substances Used in Organic Production
Agrochemicals,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(4), С. 232 - 252
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2024
It
is
debated
whether
the
ecotoxicity
of
active
substances
(ASs)
contained
in
synthetic
pesticides
applied
conventional
agriculture
(conASs)
differs
from
nature-based
ASs
used
organic
(orgASs).
Using
official
pesticide
use
statistics,
we
evaluated
apple
and
grapevine
production
Austria.
In
2022,
49
conASs
21
orgASs
were
authorized
for
60
23
Based
on
latest
publicly
available
data
actual
(from
year
2017),
their
based
information
freely
accessible
Pesticide
Properties
Bio-Pesticides
Databases.
The
results
showed
that
although
amount
per
hectare
field
was
higher
farming,
intrinsic
toxicities
farming
much
higher.
number
lethal
toxic
doses
(LD50)
orchards
645%,
15%,
6011%
honeybees,
birds,
earthworms,
respectively,
than
production.
vineyards,
earthworms
300%,
129%,
299%
vineyards.
We
conclude
promoting
would
therefore
contribute
to
better
protection
biodiversity
agricultural
land
beyond.
Язык: Английский