Genetic and environmental factors contributing to anophthalmia and microphthalmia: Current understanding and future directions
World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(2)
Опубликована: Март 18, 2025
Anophthalmia
is
defined
as
a
complete
absence
of
one
eye
or
both
the
eyes,
while
microphthalmia
represents
presence
small
within
orbit.
The
estimated
birth
prevalence
for
anophthalmia
approximately
3
per
100000
live
births,
and
microphthalmia,
it
around
14
births.
However,
combined
evidence
suggests
that
these
malformations
could
be
high
30
individuals.
Microphthalmia
reported
to
occur
in
3.2%
11.2%
blind
children.
(A/M)
are
part
phenotypic
spectrum
alongside
ocular
coloboma,
hypothesized
share
common
genetic
basis.
Both
A/M
can
isolation
syndrome.
Their
complex
etiology
involves
chromosomal
aberrations,
monogenic
inheritance
pattern,
contribution
environmental
factors
such
gestational-acquired
infections,
maternal
vitamin
A
deficiency
(VAD),
exposure
X-rays,
solvent
misuse,
thalidomide
exposure.
exhibit
significant
clinical
heterogeneity
with
over
90
genes
identified
so
far.
Familial
cases
have
basis,
including
all
Mendelian
modes
inheritance,
i.e.
,
autosomal
dominant,
recessive,
X-linked.
Most
arise
sporadically
due
de
novo
mutations.
Examining
gene
expression
during
development
effects
various
variables
will
help
us
better
understand
found
A/M,
leading
more
effective
diagnosis
management
strategies.
present
review
focuses
on
key
factors,
developmental
abnormalities,
modifiers
linked
A/M.
It
also
emphasizes
at
potential
research
areas
multiomic
methods
disease
modeling
induced
pluripotent
stem
cell
technologies,
which
aim
create
innovative
treatment
options.
Язык: Английский
Telemedicine Adoption and Prospects in Sub-Sahara Africa: A Systematic Review with a Focus on South Africa, Kenya, and Nigeria
Healthcare,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(7), С. 762 - 762
Опубликована: Март 29, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Telemedicine
has
emerged
as
a
transformative
solution
to
healthcare
access
challenges
in
Sub-Saharan
Africa,
where
many
populations
remain
underserved.
This
systematic
review
focuses
on
the
adoption,
implementation,
and
technological
prospects
of
telemedicine
South
Kenya,
Nigeria,
three
countries
leading
region
innovations.
Methods:
A
search
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science,
guided
by
PRISMA
protocols,
identified
567
studies
published
between
2014
2024,
which
53
met
inclusion
criteria
with
focus
selected
countries.
structured
critical
appraisal
was
used
assess
potential
biases
included
studies'
design,
selection
criteria,
reporting,
while
findings
were
thematically
analysed
provide
actionable
comparative
insights.
Results:
The
reveal
that
Africa
highest
adoption
rate,
focusing
specialist
teleconsultations,
chronic
disease
management,
mental
health
services.
Kenya
demonstrates
strong
mHealth
integration
advanced
mobile
applications,
particularly
maternal
health,
HIV
care,
sexual
reproductive
health.
While
facing
infrastructural
regulatory
constraints,
Nigeria
is
advancing
innovations
for
remote
diagnosis
teleconsultation.
Conclusions:
By
synthesising
evidence
from
peer-reviewed
literature,
identifies
trends,
enabling
factors,
opportunities
scaling
these
contexts.
Despite
advancements,
persist,
including
gaps,
digital
literacy
limitations,
infrastructure
constraints.
Addressing
barriers
requires
targeted
investments
broadband
expansion,
policy
harmonisation,
workforce
training
optimise
telemedicine's
impact
ensure
its
sustainability
delivery
model
Africa.
Язык: Английский
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Periodontology: A Review
Cureus,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
is
changing
each
of
the
healthcare
fields,
including
periodontology,
through
improvement
every
diagnosis,
treatment
plan,
and
handling
all
patients.
AI-driven
technologies
such
as
machine
learning,
deep
computer
vision
are
incorporated
into
radiographic
analysis,
automated
disease
detection,
prognosis
prediction.
These
improvements
effectively
enable
early
detection
periodontal
diseases
efficient
classification
severity.
In
addition,
they
allow
for
specially
personalized
approaches.
AI
makes
charting,
virtual
patient
monitoring,
decision
support
systems
easier,
which
improve
clinical
outcomes
care.
Despite
its
immense
potential,
many
substantial
difficulties
remain,
data
privacy,
algorithm
reliability,
meaningful
need
validation.
This
review
indicates
revolutionary
function
in
current
dental
works
explores
present
uses,
advantages,
limits,
possibilities
periodontology.
Язык: Английский
Five steps for the deployment of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare delivery for remote and indigenous populations in Canada
Digital Health,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
The
integration
of
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
into
healthcare
delivery
offers
transformative
potential,
especially
for
remote
and
underserved
populations.
In
rural
regions
like
northern
Saskatchewan,
Canada,
where
Indigenous
communities
face
elevated
rates
chronic
conditions
such
as
diabetes
limited
access
to
healthcare,
AI-driven
virtual
care
can
bridge
critical
gaps.
However,
a
universal
approach
falls
short
addressing
the
unique
needs
diverse
This
communication
outlines
five-step
framework
guide
AI-facilitated
tailored
community-specific
demographics
clinical
priorities.
Steps
include
building
comprehensive
community
profiles,
assessing
digital
readiness,
prioritizing
needs,
deploying
culturally
sensitive
programs,
evaluating
outcomes
with
AI-powered
analytics
.
By
leveraging
AI
in
systematic
inclusive
manner,
this
addresses
social
determinants
health,
improves
equity,
enhances
quality,
offering
scalable
model
improve
health
geographically
demographically
settings.
Язык: Английский