The Role of Vaccination and Face Mask Wearing on COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization: A Cross-Sectional Study of the MENA Region

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(9), С. 1257 - 1257

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Since the emergence of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, has affected more than 675 million people worldwide, including 6.87 deaths. To mitigate effects this many countries established control measures to contain its spread. Their riposte was based on a combination pharmaceutical (vaccination) and non-pharmaceutical (such as facemask wearing, social distancing, quarantine) measures. In way, cross-sectional research conducted in Algeria from 23 December 2021 12 March 2022 investigate effectiveness preventative interventions lowering COVID-19 infection severity. More specifically, we investigated link between mask-wearing one side, relationship vaccination risk hospitalization other. For purpose, used binary logistic regression modeling that allows learning role heterogeneous society with respect compliance barrier This study determined wearing mask is equally important for all ages. Further, findings revealed 0.79 times lower among those who were using masks (odds ratio (OR) = 0.79; confidence interval (CI) 95% 0.668-0.936; p-value 0.006). At same time, necessary preventive measure increases age. Compared did not get vaccinated, got vaccinated 0.429 less likely end up hospital (OR 0.429; CI95% 0.273-0.676; p < 0.0001). The model performance demonstrates significant relationships dependent independent variables, absence over-dispersion both studied models, such Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) scores. These emphasize significance immunization battle against pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence and machine learning responses to COVID-19 related inquiries

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(6), С. 301 - 320

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2023

Researchers and scientists can use computational-based models to turn linked data into useful information, aiding in disease diagnosis, examination, viral containment due recent artificial intelligence machine learning breakthroughs. In this paper, we extensively study the role of delivering efficient responses COVID-19 pandemic almost four years after its start. regard, examine a large number critical studies conducted by various academic research communities from multiple disciplines, as well practical implementations algorithms that suggest potential solutions investigating different decision-making scenarios. We identify numerous areas where impact context, including diagnosis (using chest X-ray imaging CT imaging), severity, tracking, treatment, drug industry. Furthermore, analyse dilemma's limits, restrictions, hazards.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the impact of testing strategies for the detection of nosocomial COVID-19 in English hospitals through data-driven modeling

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2023

During the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic 293,204 inpatients in England tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. It is estimated that 1% these cases were hospital-associated using European centre disease prevention and control (ECDC) Public Health (PHE) definitions. Guidelines preventing spread SARS-CoV-2 hospitals have developed over time but effectiveness efficiency testing strategies nosocomial transmission has not been explored.Using an individual-based model, parameterised multiple datasets, we simulated to patients healthcare workers between March August 2020 evaluated efficacy different strategies. These were: 0) Testing only symptomatic on admission; 1) all 2) admission again days 5 7, 3) admission, at 3, 5-7. In addition admissions testing, develop a infection while hospital under We impact strategy, test characteristics hospital-related factors number patient infections.Modelling suggests 84.6% (95% CI: 84.3, 84.7) community-acquired 40.8% (40.3, 41.3) infections are detectable before discharged from hospital. retesting after 3 or increases proportion detected by 9.2%. Adding discharge detection further 1.5% (relative increase). Increasing occupancy rates, beds per bay, wrongly suspected having therefore incorrectly cohorted with patients, rate transmission. Over 30,000 could incubating non-detected during pandemic, which 3.3% identified screening. There was no significant difference rates when turnaround increased.This study provides insight into period unbiased vaccines variants. The findings relevant as programs scaled back, possibly if new vaccine escaping variant emerges.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 among Moroccan physicians: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(11), С. e0277157 - e0277157

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged and spread rapidly worldwide established a global public health crisis in early 2020. The first Moroccan case was reported on March 2, Since then, healthcare workers (HCWs) played major role saving human lives threatened by COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 infection among physicians report associated risk factors prior vaccination campaign.A cross-sectional carried out Fez-Meknes region Morocco, 545 physicians' data collected using self-reported online questionnaire. collection done between December 1, 2020, February 2021.The 27.3%. mean age confirmed group 38.4±12.9 years old. There no association preventive measures compliance authorities workplace. However, multivariate analysis strengthened following such as increased within men ☯aOR:1.896; 95% IC 1.272-2.828; p = 0.002]; presence at least one comorbidity ☯aOR:2.268; 95%IC 1.414-3.637; 0.001]; working university or military hospitals ☯aOR:2.578; 1.667-3.989; 0.001].This allows comparing before after programs. should support better preparation strategy for any future pandemics with appropriate awareness men, carrying comorbidity, environment high management.

Язык: Английский

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Achieving COVID‐19 herd immunity in Algeria: Current state of vaccination, challenges, and recommendations

Public Health Challenges, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has presented Algeria with a slew of issues, including major economic consequences. Despite implementing containment measures, the government been unable to fully restrict spread virus. To reestablish normalcy and resume activities, must discover means cohabit virus, which requires achieving herd immunity. World Health Organization (WHO) had set target for 70% population be vaccinated by end July 2022 in order achieve However, whereas vaccines are preferred method immunity, only managed vaccinate 30.2% its population, 13.5% being vaccinated, falling significantly short vaccination targets WHO. This is due vaccine hesitancy lack effective distribution technology. reach immunity levels, gain maintain public trust vaccinations improve delivery hard‐to‐reach areas. paper provides an overview current situation Algeria, progress made, challenges toward recommends solutions policymakers develop sustainable interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Risk factors associated with indoor transmission during home quarantine of COVID-19 patients

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

The study aimed to identify potential risk factors for family transmission and provide precautionary guidelines the general public during novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) waves.A retrospective cohort with numerous COVID-19 patients recruited was conducted in Shanghai. Epidemiological data including details, demographics, vaccination status, symptoms, comorbidities, antigen test, living environment, residential ventilation, disinfection medical treatment of each participant were collected determined.A total 2,334 participated. Compared non-cohabitation infected patients, cohabitated ones younger (p = 0.019), more commonly unvaccinated 0.048) or exposed infections < 0.001), had higher rates symptoms 0.003) shared room 0.001). Risk analysis showed that 2019-nCov positive (OR 1.86, 95%CI 1.40-2.48, p development 1.34-2.58, direct contact exposure 1.47, 1.09-1.96, 0.010) independent cohabitant COVID-19, a separate toilet could reduce 0.62, 0.41-0.92, 0.018).Patients showing negative tests, being asymptomatic, toilet, actively avoiding cohabitants at low transmission, recommended all within same house COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between staying at home during the pandemic and the number of conceptions: A national panel data analysis

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(8), С. e0289604 - e0289604

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

hether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed fertility patterns is still an open question, as social isolation for long periods can impact number of conceptions in many ways. We combine administrative data on all recent births Brazil with daily individual location to estimate relationship between share individuals staying close their homes each week and that same week, comparing municipalities different during first semester 2020. find unequivocally decline when increases. The effect stronger women who are 21 25 years old more educated, well richer, larger, urban municipalities. likely change across countries depending behavior population lock-down measures implemented fight pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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A weapon to fight against pervasive Omicron: systematic actions transiting to pre-COVID normal

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is not just a health crisis but also social crisis. Confronted with the resurgence of variants massive infections, triggered activities from personal needs may promote spread, which should be considered in risk management. Meanwhile, it important to ensure that policy responses on citizen life lower level. In face Omicron mutations, we need sum up control experience accumulated, adapting strategies dynamic coevolution process while balancing resumption and control, meet challenges future crises. We collected 46 cases occurring between 2021 2022, mainly China, including five relevant other countries around world. Based case studies, combine micro-view individual needs/behaviors macro-view management measures linking Maslow’s hierarchy transmission chain clusters. proposed loophole could help identify both loopholes spread virus. systematic actions were taken have effectively combated these ubiquitous vulnerabilities at costs lesser time. process, Chinese government has made effective more socially acceptable prevention policies meeting divergent entire society minimum costs. Systematic do maintain balance individuals’ satisfaction containment. This implies reasonably consider improve cooperation various stakeholders targeted flexible measures, securing public resumption.

Язык: Английский

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A Statistical Model of COVID-19 Infection Incidence in the Southern Indian State of Tamil Nadu

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(17), С. 11137 - 11137

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022

In this manuscript, we present an analysis of COVID-19 infection incidence in the Indian state Tamil Nadu. We used seroprevalence survey data along with fatality reports from a six-month period (1 June 2020 to 30 November 2020) estimate age- and sex-specific rates (IFR) for these IFRs new infections occurring daily using published by Government found that estimates second COVID wave Nadu were broadly consistent surveys. Further, propose composite statistical model pairs k-nearest neighbours power-law characterisation "out-of-range" extrapolation based on observed cases test positivity ratio. matched closely IFR-based first two waves both as well neighbouring Karnataka. Finally, during recent "Omicron wave"

Язык: Английский

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