Assessing the impacts of COVID-19 vaccination programme’s timing and speed on health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and relative affordability in 27 African countries
BMC Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Март 8, 2023
Abstract
Background
The
COVID-19
vaccine
supply
shortage
in
2021
constrained
roll-out
efforts
Africa
while
populations
experienced
waves
of
epidemics.
As
improves,
a
key
question
is
whether
vaccination
remains
an
impactful
and
cost-effective
strategy
given
changes
the
timing
implementation.
Methods
We
assessed
impact
programme
using
epidemiological
economic
model.
fitted
age-specific
dynamic
transmission
model
to
reported
deaths
27
African
countries
approximate
existing
immunity
resulting
from
infection
before
substantial
roll-out.
then
projected
health
outcomes
(from
symptomatic
cases
overall
disability-adjusted
life
years
(DALYs)
averted)
for
different
start
dates
(01
January
01
December
2021,
n
=
12)
rates
(slow,
medium,
fast;
275,
826,
2066
doses/million
population-day,
respectively)
viral
vector
mRNA
vaccines
by
end
2022.
Roll-out
used
were
derived
observed
uptake
trajectories
this
region.
Vaccination
programmes
assumed
prioritise
those
above
60
other
adults.
collected
data
on
delivery
costs,
calculated
incremental
cost-effectiveness
ratios
(ICERs)
compared
no
use,
these
ICERs
GDP
per
capita.
additionally
relative
affordability
measure
assess
potential
nonmarginal
budget
impacts.
Results
with
early
yielded
most
benefits
lowest
late
starts.
While
producing
benefits,
fast
did
not
always
result
ICERs.
highest
marginal
effectiveness
within
was
found
among
older
High
country
income
groups,
high
proportions
over
or
non-susceptible
at
are
associated
low
Most
small
capita
also
relatively
affordable.
Conclusion
Although
increased
significantly
as
delayed,
starting
may
still
generate
manageable
measures.
Looking
forward,
lower
purchasing
costs
improved
efficacies
can
help
increase
value
programmes.
Язык: Английский
Ensuring Equitable Access to the COVID-19 Vaccine: The Experience of A Local Health Unit in Rome, Italy
Healthcare,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(11), С. 2246 - 2246
Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022
Growing
evidence
is
emerging
on
the
higher
risk
of
infection
and
adverse
outcomes
for
most
disadvantaged
groups
population,
COVID-19
vaccination
campaigns
worldwide
are
struggling
to
ensure
equitable
access
immunization
all.
From
21
June
2021
15
October
2021,
Local
Health
Unit
ASL
Roma
1
adopted
a
tailored
strategy
reach
socially
vulnerable
population
with
primary
course.
This
was
developed
step-by-step,
participatory
approach.
Through
engagement
internal
external
stakeholders,
target
were
identified,
potential
barriers
analyzed,
solutions
discussed,
interventions
designed.
Over
nine
thousand
individuals
from
among
irregular
migrants,
homeless
people
hard-to-reach
communities
contacted
vaccinated.
Язык: Английский
Older People’s Understandings and Experiences of Using Health and Social Care Services under COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Health & Social Care in the Community,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024, С. 1 - 10
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024
Internationally,
the
COVID-19
pandemic
resulted
in
changes
to
services
as
governments
funneled
health-related
funding
and
resources
into
stopping
spread
of
COVID-19.
At
same
time,
older
people
were
singled
out
an
“at-risk”
group,
which
prompted
caution
from
both
limit
their
exposure
It
remains
unclear
what
impact
this
has
had
on
people’s
routine
health
social
care
access,
how
themselves
viewed
these
changes.
This
analysis
investigates
understanding
experiences
using
under
lockdown
restrictions
2020.
draws
a
wider,
letter-writing
study
that
received
748
letters
854
participants
aged
70
years
who
living
New
Zealand
during
lockdowns.
Just
over
half
letter
writers
described
access
services.
Informed
by
Penchansky
Thomas’
5
A’s
framework,
we
conducted
thematic
subsample
(n
=
404).
identified
four
broad
categories
relating
restrictions:
(a)
system-wide
strangeness
physically
accessing
services,
(b)
accommodation
(c)
availability
personnel,
(d)
enhanced
quality
those
included
Rather
than
passively
accepting
changes,
adapted
drawing
available
materials
resources.
We
conclude
with
suggestions
for
improving
future
interventions
policies
better
times
crisis.
Язык: Английский