SHERLOCK and DETECTR: CRISPR-Cas Systems as Potential Rapid Diagnostic Tools for Emerging Infectious Diseases

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 59(3)

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2020

Infectious diseases are one of the most intimidating threats to human race, responsible for an immense burden disabilities and deaths. Rapid diagnosis treatment infectious offers a better understanding their pathogenesis. According World Health Organization, ideal approach detecting foreign pathogens should be rapid, specific, sensitive, instrument-free, cost-effective. Nucleic acid pathogen detection methods, typically PCR, have numerous limitations, such as highly sophisticated equipment requirements, reagents, trained personnel relying on well-established laboratories, besides being time-consuming.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Май 22, 2023

Abstract Over decades, researchers have focused on the epigenetic control of DNA-templated processes. Histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, RNA and noncoding RNAs modulate many biological processes that are crucial to development cancers. Dysregulation epigenome drives aberrant transcriptional programs. A growing body evidence suggests mechanisms modification dysregulated in human cancers might be excellent targets for tumor treatment. Epigenetics has also been shown influence immunogenicity immune cells involved antitumor responses. Thus, application therapy cancer immunotherapy their combinations may important implications Here, we present an up-to-date thorough description how modifications cell responses microenvironment (TME) epigenetics internally modify TME. Additionally, highlight therapeutic potential targeting regulators immunotherapy. Harnessing complex interplay between immunology develop therapeutics combine thereof is challenging but could yield significant benefits. The purpose this review assist understanding impact TME, so better immunotherapies can developed.

Язык: Английский

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Lipid-Nanoparticle-Based Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing Components

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(6), С. 1669 - 1686

Опубликована: Май 20, 2022

Gene editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 systems is due to become a beneficial therapeutic option for treating genetic diseases and some cancers. However, there are challenges in delivering CRISPR components which necessitate sophisticated delivery safe effective genome editing. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have an attractive nonviral platform CRISPR-mediated their low immunogenicity application flexibility. In this review, we provide background of gene therapy, as well LNPs applicable characteristics components. We then highlight the delivery, driven significant development new, safe, optimized LNP formulations past decade. Finally, discuss considerations using deliver future perspectives on clinical translation LNP-CRISPR

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR-Cas systems for diagnosing infectious diseases

Methods, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 203, С. 431 - 446

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Viral Vector-Based Gene Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(9), С. 7736 - 7736

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023

Gene therapy is a technique involving the modification of an individual’s genes for treating particular disease. The key to effective gene efficient carrier delivery system. Viral vectors that have been artificially modified lose their pathogenicity are used widely as system, with advantages natural high transduction efficiency and stable expression. With decades development, viral vector-based therapies achieved promising clinical outcomes. Currently, three vector strategies based on adeno-associated viruses, adenoviruses, lentiviruses. However, certain challenges, such immunotoxicity “off-target”, continue exist. In present review, above discussed along respective therapeutic applications. addition, major translational challenges encountered in summarized, possible address these also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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RNA-Targeting CRISPR–Cas Systems and Their Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(3), С. 1122 - 1122

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2020

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems have revolutionized modern molecular biology. Numerous types of these been discovered to date. Many CRISPR-Cas used as a backbone for the development potent research tools, with Cas9 being most widespread. While utilized are DNA-targeting, recently more and attention is gained by those that target RNA. Their ability specifically recognize given RNA sequence in an easily programmable way makes them ideal candidates developing new tools. In this review we summarize current knowledge on which shown molecules, type III (Csm/Cmr), VI (Cas13), II (Cas9). We also present list available technologies based systems.

Язык: Английский

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Technological aspects of manufacturing and analytical control of biological nanoparticles

Biotechnology Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 64, С. 108122 - 108122

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Gene Editing by Extracellular Vesicles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(19), С. 7362 - 7362

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2020

CRISPR/Cas technologies have advanced dramatically in recent years. Many different systems with new properties been characterized and a plethora of hybrid able to modify the epigenome, regulate transcription, correct mutations DNA RNA devised. However, practical application is severely limited by lack effective delivery tools. In this review, advances developing vehicles for form ribonucleoprotein complexes are outlined. Most importantly, we emphasize use extracellular vesicles (EVs) describe their unique properties: biocompatibility, safety, capacity rational design, ability cross biological barriers. Available molecular tools that enable loading desired protein and/or cargo into controllable manner shape surface EVs targeted specific tissues (e.g., using targeting ligands, peptides, or nanobodies) discussed. Opportunities both endogenous (intracellular production CRISPR/Cas) exogenous (post-production) presented.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas Technology in Pig-to-Human Xenotransplantation Research

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(6), С. 3196 - 3196

Опубликована: Март 21, 2021

CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats linked to Cas nuclease) technology has revolutionized many aspects of genetic engineering research. Thanks it, it became possible study the functions and mechanisms biology with greater precision, as well obtain genetically modified organisms, both prokaryotic eukaryotic. The changes introduced by system are based on repair paths single or double strand DNA breaks that cause insertions, deletions, precise integrations donor DNA. These crucial for fields science, one which is use animals (pigs) a reservoir tissues organs xenotransplantation into humans. Non-genetically cannot be used save human life health due acute immunological reactions resulting from phylogenetic distance these two species. This review intended collect summarize advantages achievements in pig-to-human In addition, demonstrates barriers limitations require careful evaluation before attempting experiment this technology.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR: History and perspectives to the future

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 141, С. 111917 - 111917

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2021

This review summarizes the information about history and future of CRISPR/Cas9 method. Genome editing can be perceived as a group technologies that allow scientists to change DNA an organism. These involve deletion, insertion, or modification genome at specific site in sequence. Gene therapy humans has perspective used eliminate gene responsible for particular genetic disorder. The focuses on key elements this promising method possibility its application treatment cancer diseases.

Язык: Английский

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