Genetic Improvement of Wheat for Drought Tolerance: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(10), С. 1331 - 1331

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Wheat production and productivity are challenged by recurrent droughts associated with climate change globally. Drought heat stress resilient cultivars can alleviate yield loss in marginal agro-ecologies. The ability of some crop genotypes to thrive drought conditions is attributable the inherent genetic variation environmental adaptation, presenting opportunities develop drought-tolerant varieties. Understanding underlying genetic, physiological, biochemical, mechanisms their interactions key critical opportunity for tolerance improvement. Therefore, objective this review document progress, challenges, breeding wheat. paper outlines following aspects: (1) challenges adaptation drought-prone environments, (2) such as wheat tolerance, selection methods, interplay between above-ground phenotypic traits root attributes drought-responsive (3) approaches, technologies innovations breeding. In end, summarises gains perspectives will serve baseline information breeders agronomists guide development deployment drought-adapted high-performing new-generation

Язык: Английский

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Application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for abiotic stress management in crop plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals, extensively reducing global agricultural production. Traditional breeding approaches transgenic technology have been widely used to mitigate the risks of these environmental stresses. The discovery engineered nucleases as genetic scissors carry out precise manipulation in crop stress-responsive genes associated molecular network has paved way for sustainable management abiotic stress conditions. In this context, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas (CRISPR/Cas)-based gene-editing tool revolutionized due its simplicity, accessibility, adaptability, flexibility, wide applicability. This system great potential build up varieties with enhanced tolerance against review, we summarize latest findings on understanding mechanism response plants application CRISPR/Cas-mediated towards a multitude stresses metals. We provide mechanistic insights CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing technology. also discuss applications evolving techniques such prime base editing, mutant library production, transgene free multiplexing rapidly deliver modern cultivars adapted

Язык: Английский

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A Critical Review: Recent Advancements in the Use of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology to Enhance Crops and Alleviate Global Food Crises

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 43(3), С. 1950 - 1976

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2021

Genome editing (GE) has revolutionized the biological sciences by creating a novel approach for manipulating genomes of living organisms. Many tools have been developed in recent years to enable complex genomes. Therefore, reliable and rapid increasing yield tolerance various environmental stresses is necessary sustain agricultural crop production global food security. This critical review elaborates GE used improvement. These include mega-nucleases (MNs), such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector (TALENs), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). Specifically, this addresses latest advancements role CRISPR/Cas9 genome manipulation major improvement, including quality development biotic stress- abiotic stress-tolerant crops. Implementation technique will lead non-transgene crops with preferred characteristics that can result enhanced capacity under stresses. The be combined current potential breeding methods (e.g., speed omics-assisted breeding) enhance productivity ensure We also discussed challenges limitations CRISPR/Cas9. information useful plant breeders researchers thorough investigation use boost targeting gene interest.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in legume crops: Opportunities and challenges

Legume Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Май 11, 2021

Abstract Legumes are an excellent source of proteins and health‐promoting phytochemicals. Recognizing their importance in human nutrition sustainable agricultural production, significant efforts currently being made to accelerate genetic gain related yield, stress resilience, nutritional quality. Recent increases genomic resources for multiple legume crops have laid a solid foundation application transformative breeding technologies such as selection genome editing crop improvement. In this review, we focus on the recent plant‐specific advances CRISPR/Cas9‐based gene technology discuss challenges opportunities harnessing innovative targeted improvement traits crops. Gene‐editing methods been successfully established soybean, cowpea, chickpea, model legumes Medicago truncatula Lotus japonicus . However, recalcitrance other vitro transfer regeneration has posed serious challenge editing. We various modifications culture methods, terms choice explant, media composition, DNA delivery gene‐editing detection that can potentially improve rate transformation whole plant Although bring enormous benefits breeding, regulatory hurdles cause concern. compare environments existing European Union United States America. A favorable framework public acceptance important factors realizing CRISPR's potential global food security.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Breeding and Drought Tolerance in Chickpea

Life, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(11), С. 1846 - 1846

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2022

L. is the third greatest widely planted imperative pulse crop worldwide, and it belongs to Leguminosae family. Drought utmost common abiotic factor on plants, distressing their water status limiting growth development. Chickpea genotypes have natural ability fight drought stress using certain strategies viz., escape, avoidance tolerance. Assorted breeding methods, including hybridization, mutation, marker-aided breeding, genome sequencing along with omics approaches, could be used improve chickpea germplasm lines(s) against stress. Root features, for instance depth root biomass, been recognized as beneficial morphological factors managing terminal tolerance in chickpea. Marker-aided selection, example, a genomics-assisted (GAB) strategy that can considerably increase accuracy competence. These technologies, notably marker-assisted omics, plant physiology knowledge, underlined importance of future improvement programmes generate drought-tolerant cultivars(s).

Язык: Английский

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Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(19), С. 2625 - 2625

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2022

Climate change poses a serious threat to global agricultural activity and food production. Plant genome editing technologies have been widely used develop crop varieties with superior qualities or can tolerate adverse environmental conditions. Unlike conventional breeding techniques (e.g., selective mutation breeding), modern tools offer more targeted specific alterations of the plant could significantly speed up progress developing crops desired traits, such as higher yield and/or stronger resilience changing environment. In this review, we discuss current development future applications in mitigating impacts biotic abiotic stresses on agriculture. We focus specifically CRISPR/Cas system, which has center attention last few years revolutionary genome-editing tool various species. also conducted bibliographic analysis CRISPR-related papers published from 2012 2021 (10 years) identify trends potential CRISPR/Cas-related research. addition, review article outlines shortcomings challenges employing agriculture notes prospective. believe combining innovative would be key optimizing improvement beyond limitations traditional practices.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Climate Change Resilience

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(12), С. 6794 - 6794

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2022

Chickpea is one of the most important pulse crops worldwide, being an excellent source protein. It grown under rain-fed conditions averaging yields 1 t/ha, far from its potential 6 t/ha optimum conditions. The combined effects heat, cold, drought, and salinity affect species productivity. In this regard, several physiological, biochemical, molecular mechanisms are reviewed to confer tolerance abiotic stress. A large collection nearly 100,000 chickpea accessions basis breeding programs, advances have been achieved through conventional breeding, such as germplasm introduction, gene/allele introgression, mutagenesis. parallel, in biology high-throughput sequencing allowed development specific markers for genus Cicer, facilitating marker-assisted selection yield components tolerance. Further, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics permitted identification genes, proteins, metabolites associated with stress chickpea. Furthermore, some promising results obtained studies transgenic plants use gene editing obtain drought-tolerant Finally, we propose future lines research that may be useful genotypes tolerant a scenario climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advancement in OMICS approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in legumes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

The world is facing rapid climate change and a fast-growing global population. It believed that the population will be 9.7 billion in 2050. However, recent agriculture production not enough to feed current of 7.9 people, which causing huge hunger problem. Therefore, feeding 2050 target. Climate becoming threat agricultural production, it expected become worst upcoming years. Keeping this view, very important breed climate-resilient plants. Legumes are considered an pillar system great source high-quality protein, minerals, vitamins. During last two decades, advancements OMICs technology revolutionized plant breeding emerged as crop-saving tool wake change. Various approaches like Next-Generation sequencing (NGS), Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics have been used legumes under abiotic stresses. scientific community successfully utilized these platforms investigated Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), linked markers through genome-wide association studies, developed KASP can helpful for marker-assisted legumes. Gene-editing techniques proven soybean, cowpea, chickpea, model such Medicago truncatula Lotus japonicus . A number efforts made perform gene editing Moreover, did job identifying various genes involved metabolic pathways utilizing resulted information development legume cultivars at pace. review highlights contribution stresses We envisage presented develop cultivars.

Язык: Английский

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Gene Editing for Plant Resistance to Abiotic Factors: A Systematic Review

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 305 - 305

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Agricultural crops are exposed to various abiotic stresses, such as salinity, water deficits, temperature extremes, floods, radiation, and metal toxicity. To overcome these challenges, breeding programs seek improve methods techniques. Gene editing by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR/Cas-is a versatile tool for in all layers of the central dogma with focus on development cultivars plants resistant or tolerant multiple biotic stresses. This systematic review (SR) brings new contributions study use CRISPR/Cas gene tolerance stress plants. Articles deposited different electronic databases, using search

Язык: Английский

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Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein and hairy roots: a perfect match for gene functional analysis and crop improvement

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 79, С. 102876 - 102876

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) gene editing has become a powerful tool in genome manipulation for crop improvement. Advances omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, allow the identification of causal genes that can be used to improve crops. However, functional validation these genetic components remains challenge due lack efficient protocols engineering. Hairy roots using CRISPR/Cas, coupled with analyses, provide platform rapid, precise, cost-effective analysis genes. Here, we describe common requirements editing, focused on transformation recalcitrant legumes, highlight great opportunities hairy offers future

Язык: Английский

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