Mitochondria: It is all about energy

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023

Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron calcium homeostasis the of hormones neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, nucleus, outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk between mitochondria circadian clocks, gut microbiota, immune system. might even be hub supporting integrating activity across these domains. Hence, they (missing) link Mitochondrial dysfunction related metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular infectious inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding mitochondrial action that allow for maintenance pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although have allowed us adapt changes over course evolution, turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences its own way. use physiological stress triggers tolerance stressor, achieving adaptability resistance. describes strategies could recover functioning providing comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach recovering treating people suffering diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Xuanfei Baidu formula alleviates impaired mitochondrial dynamics and activated NLRP3 inflammasome by repressing NF-κB and MAPK pathways in LPS-induced ALI and inflammation models

Phytomedicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 108, С. 154545 - 154545

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2022

Xuanfei Baidu Formula (XBF) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remedy for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. This herbal has shown effects reducing clinical symptoms and shortening the average length of hospital stay COVID-19 patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that XBF alleviates acute lung injury (ALI) by regulating macrophage-mediated immune inflammation, but mechanisms action remain elusive. study aimed to evaluate lung-protective anti-inflammatory its underlying mechanisms. Here, XBF's were investigated ALI mouse model induced inhalation atomized lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Besides, LPS-induced inflammation RAW264.7 cells was used clarify against ALI. Our results showed treatment alleviated injury, as evidenced reduced histopathological changes, pulmonary alveoli permeability, fibrosis, apoptosis tissues. In addition, decreased levels tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β serum bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), white blood cell (WBC) count BALF. Furthermore, consistent with vivo assay, inhibited inflammatory cytokines release pro-inflammatory polarization cells. Mechanistically, increased mitochondrial fusion upregulating Mfn1 attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation repressing Casp11, respectively, inhibit NF-κB MAPK pathways, thus macrophage polarization. this study, we demonstrate exerts anti-ALI -inflammatory recovering dynamics activation, providing a biological illustration efficacy

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Complications: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunction

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(19), С. 14876 - 14876

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infection, discovered and isolated in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, causes acute atypical respiratory symptoms has led to profound changes our lives. COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of complications, which include pulmonary embolism, thromboembolism arterial clot formation, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, multiorgan failure, more. The disease caused worldwide pandemic, despite various measures such as social distancing, preventive strategies, therapeutic approaches, the creation vaccines, novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) still hides many mysteries for scientific community. Oxidative stress been suggested play an essential role pathogenesis COVID-19, determining free radical levels patients with may provide insight into severity. generation abnormal oxidants under COVID-19-induced cytokine storm irreversible oxidation macromolecules subsequent damage cells, tissues, organs. Clinical studies have shown that oxidative initiates endothelial damage, increases risk complications post-COVID-19 or long-COVID-19 cases. This review describes radicals mediation mitochondrial dysfunction.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial pores at the crossroad between cell death and inflammatory signaling

Molecular Cell, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 83(6), С. 843 - 856

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Mechanisms of Sepsis Induced Coagulation Dysfunction and Its Treatment

Journal of Inflammation Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 18, С. 1479 - 1495

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Sepsis is a critical condition characterized by organ dysfunction due to dysregulated response infection that poses significant global health challenges. Coagulation nearly ubiquitous among sepsis patients. Its mechanisms involve platelet activation, coagulation cascade inflammatory reaction imbalances, immune dysregulation, mitochondrial damage, neuroendocrine network disruptions, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These factors not only interact but also exacerbate one another, leading severe dysfunction. This review illustrates the of sepsis-induced coagulopathy, with focus on tissue factor endothelial glycocalyx release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), all which are potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

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A nanoreactor boosts chemodynamic therapy and ferroptosis for synergistic cancer therapy using molecular amplifier dihydroartemisinin

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Май 14, 2022

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) relying on intracellular iron ions and H2O2 is a promising therapeutic strategy due to its tumor selectivity, which limited by the not enough metal or supply of microenvironment. Herein, we presented an efficient CDT based Chinese herbal monomer-dihydroartemisinin (DHA) as substitute for recruiter amplify greatly reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation synergetic CDT-ferroptosis therapy.The DHA@MIL-101 nanoreactor was prepared characterized firstly. This degraded under acid microenvironment, thereby releasing DHA ions. Subsequent experiments demonstrated significantly increased through collapsed recruitment effect DHA, further generating ROS thereupon. Meanwhile, production introduced ferroptosis depleting glutathione (GSH), inactivating peroxidase 4 (GPX4), leading lipid peroxide (LPO) accumulation. Furthermore, also acted molecular amplifier direct inhibiting GPX4. The resulting LPO caused DNA mitochondria damage induce apoptosis malignant cells. Finally, in vivo outcomes evidenced that exhibited prominent anti-cancer efficacy with minimal systemic toxicity.In summary, boosts synergistic cancer DHA. work provides novel effective approach monomer-DHA Nanomedicine.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Mitochondrial Pathways in Cell Apoptosis during He-Patic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(4), С. 2357 - 2357

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2022

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of post-operative hepatic dysfunction and liver failure after transplantation. Mitochondrial pathways can be either beneficial or detrimental to cell apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion injury, depending on multiple factors. may induced by opened mitochondrial permeability transition pore, released apoptosis-related proteins, up-regulated B-cell lymphoma-2 gene family unbalanced dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum stress, which are integral parts pathways. In this review, we discuss the role in that account for most deleterious effect injury.

Язык: Английский

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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 and Mitochondria: An Intimate Connection

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1), С. 50 - 50

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2022

The general objective of the review is to explain interaction between HIF-1 and mitochondria. On one hand, this describes effects on mitochondrial structure, including quantity, distribution, morphology, as well metabolism respiratory function. other various factors, activation enzymes, chain, complex decoupling proteins, affect stability activity HIF-1. It possible develop future molecular therapeutic interventions by understanding interrelationships

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of granulosa cells in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the leading causes anovulatory infertility in women, affecting 5%–15% women reproductive age worldwide. The clinical manifestations patients include ovulation disorders, amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity. Life-threatening diseases, such as endometrial cancer, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, can be distant complications PCOS. PCOS has diverse etiologies oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role. Mitochondria, core organelles energy production, are main source reactive oxygen species (ROS). process follicular growth development extremely complex, granulosa cells (GCs) inextricably linked to development. abnormal function GCs may directly affect alter many symptoms Significantly higher levels OS markers mitochondrial have been found with compared healthy subjects, suggesting that increased associated progression. Therefore, aim this review was summarize discuss findings dysfunction impair induce

Язык: Английский

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The role and mechanisms of gram-negative bacterial outer membrane vesicles in inflammatory diseases

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, bilayered, and nanosized that secreted from gram-negative bacteria. OMVs play a pivotal role in delivering lipopolysaccharide, proteins other virulence factors to target cells. Multiple studies have found participate various inflammatory diseases, including periodontal disease, gastrointestinal inflammation, pulmonary inflammation sepsis, by triggering pattern recognition receptors, activating inflammasomes inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. also affect distant organs or tissues via long-distance cargo transport atherosclerosis Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we primarily summarize the of describe mechanism through which signal cascades, discuss effects on pathogenic processes with aim providing novel insights into diseases prevention treatment OMV-mediated diseases.

Язык: Английский

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